[Study on Variety Test of Salvia miltiorrhiza New Variety "Zhongdan 1"].

Objective: The new varieties of Salvia miltiorrhiza were bred by the variety comparison test. Methods: Taking these varieties of CDS1,CDS2,CDS3,CDS4,CDS5 as the test varieties, which bred by system seletion from abundant germplasm resources,the conventional variety as the control, the test were arranged in Ximeishan, Linjiagou, Shiya, Hexing Village of Zhongjiang county in 2010 and 2011. And the new varieties from the growth cycle,line of characters,yield, quality and other aspects of Salvia miltiorrhiza were evaluated. Results: CDS2 had the highest yield which was significantly higher than the control group. The growth period were 250 ~ 270 days,the seed germination were early,and the plants were taller. And the medicine merchandise traits were better, the salvianolic acid and the tanshinone were significantly higher. CDS2 was named as the "Zhongdan 1"by crop variety Committee of Sichuan province in2012,which identified by technology field in 2011. Conclusion: "Zhongdan 1"is a new variety through the certification authority validation,which has a great popularization value in the production.

Child homicide victims in forensic autopsy in Taiwan: A 10-year retrospective study.

BACKGROUND: Child homicides are critical medico-legal issues worldwide. Data on the characteristics of these cases in Asia are limited. This study aimed to describe the characteristics of child homicides in Taiwan. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of forensic autopsy records of child homicide victims (aged 0-17 years) in Taiwan, during a 10-year period between 2001 and 2010, was carried out. The age, sex, relationship with the perpetrator(s), injury patterns of the victims, and causes of death were analyzed. RESULTS: In all, 193 child homicide autopsies were identified. There were 38 (19.7%), 82 (42.5%), 25 (13.0%), and 48 (24.9%) homicide victims aged under 1, 1-5, 6-12, and 13-17 years, respectively. One-hundred boys (mean age: 8.4±7.0) and 93 girls (mean age: 3.7±4.3) were included. A female predominance was noted among the victims aged 0-5. Blunt force (53.4%) was the most frequent method of injury, followed by suffocation/strangulation (20.2%) and sharp force (13.0%). Bruise (64.8%) and brain injury (45.1%) were the most common types of injuries. The cranium (62.2%) and face (60.6%) were the most frequently injured body regions. The distribution of fatal injuries varied among victims in different age groups. Neurogenic shock, asphyxia, and hemorrhagic shocks were most common in victims aged 0-5, 6-12, and 13-17, respectively. The most frequent causes of death included blunt force head injury (40.4%), suffocation/strangulation (20.2%), and sharp force lung trauma (7.3%). The type of offenders, injury methods, types of injuries, distribution of injuries, mechanism of death, and causes of death were significantly different among victims of different age groups. Eighteen (9.33%) victims displayed no external evidence of trauma. CONCLUSIONS: The patterns of injuries, mechanism of death, and causes of death were different among victims of different age groups. A female predominance was noted among the victims aged 0-5. Complete forensic autopsy is necessary to identify child homicide. This report will help forensic examiners and forensic pathologists recognize the signs of child homicide and serve as a working basis for these professionals.

[Dynamic accumulation regulation of curcumin, demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxyeurcumin in three strains of curcuma longae rhizome].

The paper is aimed to study the dynamic accumulation regulation of curcumin (Cur), demethoxycurcumin (DMC) and bisdemethoxyeurcumin (BDMC) in three strains of Curcuma longa, and provide scientific references for formalized cultivation, timely harvesting, quality control and breeding cultivation of C. longa. The accumulation regulation of the three curcumin derivatives was basically the same in rhizome of three strains. The relative contents decreased along with plant development growing, while the accumulation per hectare increased with plant development growing. The accumulation of curcuminoids per hectare could be taken as the assessment standard for the best harvest time of C. longa. A3 was the best strain in terms of Cur and BDMC content.

[Study on variety test of Iris tectorum new variety of CSG1].

OBJECTIVE: Iris tectorum new varieties of CSG1, CSG2, CSG4, CSG5, CSG6, CSG7, CSG8 and CSG9 were bred by system selection from abundant germplasm resources. METHODS: Taking conventional variety as the control, comparison test for these new varieties was arranged in Shuangliu, Zhongjiang, Maoxian, Renshou and Anxian in Sichuan. Plot yields were measured after harvesting, yields per mu were calculated and the data were analyzed with DPS 9.50 software. RESULTS: CSG1 had the highest yield which was significantly higher than the control and other varieties. This new variety had passed through the field identification by Sichuan Provincial Crop Variety Approval Committee in 2013 and would be applied for approval in 2014. CONCLUSION: CSG1 is the first batch of Iris tectorum new variety identified by domestic authority and has great promotion potential.

[Effects of spraying uniconazole on plant morphology and total alkaloid content of Aconitum carmichaeli].

OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of spraying uniconazole on plant morphology and total alkaloid content of Aconitum carmichaeli for providing theory base for establishment of planting measure. METHODS: The mainly morphological character and total alkaloid content of Radix Aconiti Lateralis Praeparata were studied under different uniconazole spraying time and density. RESULTS: Unieonazole could decrease plant height and leaf area, increase stem diameter, leaves and fibril roots, and the amount of dry matter. The difference in total alkaloid was not significant. CONCLUSION: In this experiment,Spraying uniconazole has no significant effect on total alkaloid content of Aconitum carmichaeli. It is better for increasing yield per plant to applied 120 mg/L unieonazole at sub-root enlargement stage than sub-root formation stage, and it is better to applied the same density at another stage for adjusting the plant morphology.

[Study on growth and dry substance accumulation of Curcuma longa].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the growth characteristics of Curcuma longa, and provide basis for standardized cultivation. METHOD: Plant samples were collected and investigated periodically. RESULT: According to the growth of different parts and the characteristics of dry substance accumulation of C. longa, the development of C. longa could be divided into five stages: emergence of seedlings, seedling, leaf, root tuber expansion, and dry substance accumulation of root tuber. In terms of number, leaf of C. longa increases gradually from one at first to eight at the final stage. Leaf size increases at a very low speed at the stage of seedling. However, leaves expands their sizes at a much higher speed at the stage of leaf. The dry substance in different parts accumulates increasingly with the development of C. longa dry substance mainly accumulates in leaves at the stage of leaf, and in rhizome at the stage of root tuber expansion. At the final stage, it mainly accumulates in root tuber. CONCLUSION: Cultivation technologies of C. longa and the relevant management methods could be established according to the growth of different parts of C. longa and the characteristics of dry substance accumulation in different stages.

[Histological and morphological studies on leaves of Curcuma in China].

OBJECTIVE: To provide some new evidences for the classification and identification of medicinal materials of Curcuma. METHOD: The optical microscope and electronic microsccopic scaning were used to characterize the leaves of Curcuma. RESULT AND CONCLUSION: There were no obvious histological and morphological differences among the leaves of Curcuma. But the differences in the hair distribution, stoma density and size , shape and size of epidermic cells could be considered to be the main features for the microscopic identification of leaves of Curcuma.

[Histological and morphological studies on the rhizomes of Curcuma].

OBJECTIVE: To provide some new evidences for the identification of medicinal materials of Curcuma. METHOD: Microscopic observation was made to characterize the rhizomes of Curcuma. RESULT AND CONCLUSION: There were no obvious histological and morphological differences among the rhizomes of Curcuma. The distribution of oil cells and vascular bundles as well as the number and diameter of xylem vessels were considered to be the distinguishing features of their rhizomes.

[Numerical taxonomy of medicinal plants of Curcuma in China].

OBJECTIVE: To provide some new evidences for the classfication and identification of medicinal plants of Curcuma. METHOD: A numerical taxonomy by means of cluster analysis and principal Component analysis is used. Combined with RAPD analysis, computer image analysis and chemical analysis, the taxonomical relationships of the plants of Curcuma in China were characterized qualitatively and quantitatively. RESULT AND CONCLUSION: The plants of Curcuma is systematized into 9 species, 1 species complex, 3 cultivated varieties. A lot of taxonomic confusion and disputations were consequently expounded.