Self-Assembly of Super-Uniform Covalent Organic Framework Colloidal Particles into Multi-Dimensional Ordered Superstructures.

Precise self-assembly of colloidal particles is crucial for understanding their aggregation properties and preparing macroscopic functional devices. It is currently very challenging to synthesize and self-assemble super-uniform covalent organic framework (COF) colloidal particles into well-organized multidimensional superstructures. Here, simple and versatile strategies are proposed for synthesis of super-uniform COF colloidal particles and self-assembly of them into 1D supraparticles, 2D ordered mono/multilayers, and 3D COF films. For this purpose, several self-assembly techniques are developed, including emulsion solvent evaporation, air-liquid interfacial self-assembly, and drop-casting. These strategies enable the superstructural self-assembly of particles of varying sizes and species without any additional surfactants or chemical modifications. The assembled superstructures maintain the porosity and high specific surface area of their building blocks. The feasibility of the strategies is examined with different types of COFs. This research provides a new approach for the controllable synthesis of super-uniform COF colloidal particles capable of self-assembling into multidimensional superstructures with long-range order. These discoveries hold great promise for the design of emerging multifunctional COF superstructures.

Unexpectedly high levels and health risks of atmospheric polychlorinated biphenyls in modern mechanical dismantling of obsolete electrical equipment: Investigations in a large integrated e-waste dismantling industrial estate.

Large industrial estates for electrical and electronic waste (e-waste) mechanical dismantling and recycling are gradually replacing outmoded small factories and intensive domestic workshops for e-waste manual and chemical dismantling. However, the air pollution and health risks of persistent organic pollutants during the modern mechanical processing of e-waste, especially obsolete electrical equipment, still remain unclear. Here, unexpectedly high levels (409.3 ng/m3) and health risks of airborne polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were found during the mechanical processing of obsolete electric equipment or parts in a large integrated dismantling industrial estate, which is comparable to or a dozen times higher than those reported during chemical processing. In contrast, the levels (936.0 pg/m3) and health risks of particulate polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were all lower than those of previous studies. PCB emissions (44.9-3300.5 ng/m3) varied significantly across six mechanical dismantling places specifically treating waste motors, electrical appliances, hardware, transformers, and metals, respectively. The high PCB content and mass processing number of obsolete electrical equipment probably result in the highest PCB emissions from the mechanical dismantling of obsolete motors, followed by waste electrical appliances and metals. The PCB non-cancer and cancer risks associated with inhalation and dermal exposure in different mechanical dismantling places were all above the given potential risk limits. In particular, the health risks of dismantling obsolete motor exceeded the definite risk levels. Little difference in PCB emissions and health risks between working and non-working time suggested the importance of PCB volatilization from most e-waste. Such high PCB emissions and health risks of PCBs undoubtedly posed a severe threat to frontline workers, but fortunately, they decreased significantly with the increasing distance from the industrial estate. We highlight that PCB emissions and associated health risks from obsolete electrical equipment with high PCB content during mechanical dismantling activities should be of great concern.

Monitoring the adsorption of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances on carbon black by LDI-MS capable of simultaneous analysis of elemental and organic carbon.

Elemental carbon (EC) and organic carbon (OC) exist ubiquitously and interact mutually in the environment. Simultaneous analysis of EC and OC will greatly advance our understanding of the behavior and fate of EC and OC, but is however still a great challenge due to the lack of suitable analytical tools. Here, we report a matrix-free laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (LDI-MS) method capable of simultaneous analysis of EC and OC by monitoring two independent groups of specific MS fingerprint peaks. We found that EC itself can generate carbon cluster peaks in the low mass range under laser excitation, and meanwhile it can also serve as a matrix to assist the ionization of OC in LDI-MS. By using per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) as a typical set of OC and carbon black (CB) as a model EC, we successfully monitored the adsorption process of PFASs on CB enabled by LDI-MS. We show that hydrophobic interaction dominates the sorption of PFASs to CB, which was affected by the functional groups and carbon chain length of PFASs. Furthermore, environmental substances in water such as humic acid (HA) and surfactants can significantly affect the adsorption of PFASs on CB probably by changing the adsorption sites of CB. Overall, we demonstrate that LDI-MS offers a versatile and high-throughput tool for simultaneous analysis of EC and OC species in real environmental samples, which makes it promising for investigating the environmental behaviors and ecological risks of pollutants.

Tracing the plasma kallikrein-kinin system-activating component in the atmospheric particulate matter with different origins.

Atmospheric particulate matter (PM) perturbs hematological homeostasis by targeting the plasma kallikrein-kinin system (KKS), causing a cascade of zymogen activation events. However, the causative components involved in PM-induced hematological effects are largely unknown. Herein, the standard reference materials (SRMs) of atmospheric PM, including emissions from the diesel (2975), urban (1648a), and bituminous coal (2693), were screened for their effects on plasma KKS activation, and the effective constituent contributing to PM-induced KKS activation was further explored by fraction isolation and chemical analysis. The effects of three SRMs on KKS activation followed the order of 2975 > 1648a > 2693, wherein the fractions of 2975 isolated by acetone and water, together with the insoluble particulate residues, exerted significant perturbations in the hematological homeostasis. The soot contents in the SRMs and corresponding isolated fractions matched well with their hematological effects, and the KKS activation could be dependent on the soot surface oxidation degree. This study, for the first time, uncovered the soot content in atmospheric PM with different origins contributed to the distinct effects on plasma KKS activation. The finding would be of utmost importance for the health risk assessment on inhaled airborne fine PM, given its inevitable contact with human circulatory system.

Integrative single-cell RNA and ATAC sequencing reveals that the FOXO1-PRDX2-TNF axis regulates tendinopathy.

Introduction: Tendinopathy, the most common form of chronic tendon disorder, leads to persistent tendon pain and loss of function. Profiling the heterogeneous cellular composition in the tendon microenvironment helps to elucidate rational molecular mechanisms of tendinopathy. Methods and results: In this study, through a multi-modal analysis, a single-cell RNA- and ATAC-seq integrated tendinopathy landscape was generated for the first time. We found that a specific cell subpopulation with low PRDX2 expression exhibited a higher level of inflammation, lower proliferation and migration ability, which not only promoted tendon injury but also led to microenvironment deterioration. Mechanistically, a motif enrichment analysis of chromatin accessibility showed that FOXO1 was an upstream regulator of PRDX2 transcription, and we confirmed that functional blockade of FOXO1 activity induced PRDX2 silencing. The TNF signaling pathway was significantly activated in the PRDX2-low group, and TNF inhibition effectively restored diseased cell degradation. Discussion: We revealed an essential role of diseased cells in tendinopathy and proposed the FOXO1-PRDX2-TNF axis is a potential regulatory mechanism for the treatment of tendinopathy.

Beneficial Effects and Potential Mechanisms of Tai Chi on Lower Limb Osteoarthritis: A Biopsychosocial Perspective.

Lower limb osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic, multifactorial disease characterized by impaired physical function, chronic pain, compromised psychological health and decreased social functioning. Chronic inflammation plays a critical role in the pathophysiology of OA. Tai Chi is a type of classical mind-body exercise derived from ancient Chinese martial arts. Evidence supports that Tai Chi has significant benefits for relieving lower limb OA symptoms. Using a biopsychosocial framework, this review aims to elucidate the beneficial effects of Tai Chi in lower limb OA and disentangle its potential mechanisms from the perspective of biology, psychology, and social factors. Complex biomechanical, biochemical, neurological, psychological, and social mechanisms, including strengthening of muscles, proprioception improvement, joint mechanical stress reduction, change of brain activation and sensitization, attenuation of inflammation, emotion modulation and social support, are discussed.

Progress of gene alterations and molecular typing of peripheral T-cell lymphoma / 白血病·淋巴瘤

Peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) is a group of heterogeneous malignant tumors with poor prognosis, with a lack of standard treatment regimen and poor efficacy of traditional chemotherapy. Therefore, finding new and more effective therapeutic targets to improve the efficacy of PTCL is an urgent clinical problem. In recent years, as the exploration of PTCL at the genetic and molecular levels has intensified, novel therapeutic targets based on gene alterations and molecular typing have been identified. This article summarizes the research progress of main gene alterations and molecular typing of PTCL in recent years.

Beneficial Effects and Potential Mechanisms of Tai Chi on Lower Limb Osteoarthritis: A Biopsychosocial Perspective / 中国结合医学杂志

Lower limb osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic, multifactorial disease characterized by impaired physical function, chronic pain, compromised psychological health and decreased social functioning. Chronic inflammation plays a critical role in the pathophysiology of OA. Tai Chi is a type of classical mind-body exercise derived from ancient Chinese martial arts. Evidence supports that Tai Chi has significant benefits for relieving lower limb OA symptoms. Using a biopsychosocial framework, this review aims to elucidate the beneficial effects of Tai Chi in lower limb OA and disentangle its potential mechanisms from the perspective of biology, psychology, and social factors. Complex biomechanical, biochemical, neurological, psychological, and social mechanisms, including strengthening of muscles, proprioception improvement, joint mechanical stress reduction, change of brain activation and sensitization, attenuation of inflammation, emotion modulation and social support, are discussed.

Establishment and validation of a prognostic immune-related lncRNA risk model for acute myeloid leukemia.

Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a cancer arising in the bone marrow and is the most common type of adult leukemia. AML has a poor prognosis, and currently, its prognosis evaluation does not include immune status assessment. This study established an immune-related long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) prognostic risk model for AML based on immune lncRNAs screening. Methods: To construct training and validation cohorts, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) public databases were accessed to obtain gene expression profiles and clinical data. The correlation between lncRNAs and immunity genes was analyzed using the "limma" package, and the immune-related lncRNAs were obtained. Through least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression, a prognostic model was established with immune-related lncRNAs. Using the median risk score, patients were divided into high- and low-risk groups. The Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis, whereas the accuracy of the risk model was evaluated using time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curves, risk score distribution, survival status, and risk heat maps. We utilized univariate and multivariate Cox regression to examine the association between risk score and clinical variables and AML survival and prognosis. Results: In the immune-related lncRNA prognostic risk model, the prognosis was better for low-risk than for high-risk patients, indicating risk score of this model as an independent indicator of prognosis. The area under the curve value for 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival of TCGA patients was 0.817, 0.859, and 0.909, respectively, whereas that of GEO patients (of dataset GPL96-GSE37642) was 0.603, 0.652, and 0.624, respectively. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed the enrichment of multiple pathways, such as antigen processing, B-cell receptor signaling pathway, natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity, and chemokines, in high-risk patients. Conclusions: In this study, immune-related lncRNA prognostic risk models effectively predicted AML survival and provided potential treatment targets.

Single-cell analysis reveals that Jinwu Gutong capsule attenuates the inflammatory activity of synovial cells in osteoarthritis by inhibiting AKR1C3.

Jinwu Gutong capsule (JGC) is a traditional Chinese medicine formula for the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA). Synovitis is a typical pathological change in OA and promotes disease progression. Elucidating the therapeutic mechanism of JGC is crucial for the precise treatment of OA synovitis. In this study, we demonstrate that JGC effectively inhibits hyperproliferation, attenuates inflammation, and promotes apoptosis of synovial cells. Through scRNA-seq data analysis of OA synovitis, we dissected two distinct cell fates that influence disease progression (one fate led to recovery while the other fate resulted in deterioration), which illustrates the principles of fate determination. By intersecting JGC targets with synovitis hub genes and then mimicking picomolar affinity interactions between bioactive compounds and binding pockets, we found that the quercetin-AKR1C3 pair exhibited the best affinity, indicating that this pair constitutes the most promising molecular mechanism. In vitro experiments confirmed that the expression of AKR1C3 in synovial cells was reduced after JGC addition. Further overexpression of AKR1C3 significantly attenuated the therapeutic efficacy of JGC. Thus, we revealed that JGC effectively treats OA synovitis by inhibiting AKR1C3 expression.

Assessment of potential biotoxicity induced by biochar-derived dissolved organic matters to biological fermentative H2 production.

Biochar is a widely used antecedent for improving bio­hydrogen production. However, little is known about the impact of biochar-derived dissolved organic matter (DOM) on the performance of fermentative bio-H2 production. Herein, we evaluated the impact of biochar-derived DOM on the fermentation performance of hydrogen-producing microflora. The pyrolysis temperature of biochar affected the DOM composition, with lower pyrolysis temperatures showing more serious inhibition on H2 accumulation. When biochar was pyrolyzed at 500 °C, DOM prolonged the fermentation period and decreased H2 production from 1330.41 mL L-1 to 1177.05 mL L-1 compared to the control group. The xylose utilization in mixed substrate decreased from 29.72% to 26.41%, which is not favorable for practical applications where lignocellulosic biomass is used as a substrate. Otherwise, DOM caused a 6% reduction in microbial biomass accumulation and less soluble metabolites formation. The potential mechanism of DOM inhibiting bio­hydrogen production was verified by identifying an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) level (178.2%) and the microbial community shifted to containing fewer hydrogen-producing strains. The finding prompts a more precise design of biochar applications in fermentation systems to alleviate the potential hazards and maximum the fermentation performance, not limited to fermentative hydrogen production system.

Protein sensors combining both on-and-off model for antibody homogeneous assay.

Protein sensors based on allosteric enzymes responding to target binding with rapid changes in enzymatic activity are potential tools for homogeneous assays. However, a high signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) is difficult to achieve in their construction. A high S/N is critical to discriminate signals from the background, a phenomenon that might largely vary among serum samples from different individuals. Herein, based on the modularized luciferase NanoLuc, we designed a novel biosensor called NanoSwitch. This sensor allows direct detection of antibodies in 1 µl serum in 45 min without washing steps. In the detection of Flag and HA antibodies, NanoSwitches respond to antibodies with S/N ratios of 33-fold and 42-fold, respectively. Further, we constructed a NanoSwitch for detecting SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies, which showed over 200-fold S/N in serum samples. High S/N was achieved by a new working model, combining the turn-off of the sensor with human serum albumin and turn-on with a specific antibody. Also, we constructed NanoSwitches for detecting antibodies against the core protein of hepatitis C virus (HCV) and gp41 of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Interestingly, these sensors demonstrated a high S/N and good performance in the assays of clinical samples; this was partly attributed to the combination of off-and-on models. In summary, we provide a novel type of protein sensor and a working model that potentially guides new sensor design with better performance.

Single-cell profiling reveals that SAA1+ epithelial cells promote distant metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Introduction: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most common cancers globally, with significant cell heterogeneity and poor prognosis. Distant metastasis in ESCC is one of the key factors that affects the prognosis of patients. Methods and results: Starting with the analysis of ESCC single-cell sequencing data, we constructed a single-cell atlas of ESCC in detail and clarified the cell heterogeneity within tumor tissues. Through analysis of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) levels, gene expression, and pathway activation, we revealed the existence of a novel subpopulation of SAA1+ malignant cells in ESCC that are highly aggressive and closely associated with distant metastasis of ESCC. In vitro wound healing and transwell assays confirmed a strong invasion capacity of ESCC tumor cells with high expression of SAA1. Then, we constructed an effective and reliable prediction model based on the gene expression pattern of SAA1+ malignant cell subpopulations and confirmed that patients in the high-risk group had significantly worse prognosis than those in the low-risk group in the training cohort, internal verification cohort and external verification cohort. Discussion: This manuscript contributes to exploration of the heterogeneity of ESCC tumor tissues and the search for new ESCC subpopulations with special biological functions. These results contribute to our understanding of the underlying mechanisms of distant metastasis of ESCC and thus provide a theoretical basis for improved therapies.

The Expression and Function of NK Cells in Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the expression characteristics of antigens and functional markers of natural killer (NK) cells in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML).@*METHODS@#Multi-parameter flow cytometry was used to detect NK cell surface markers and their functional indicators in 56 newly diagnosed AML patients and 24 healthy controls, including activating receptors NKG2D, NKP46, DNAM-1, and killing indicators granzyme B, perforin.@*RESULTS@#Referring to the WHO hematopoiesis and lymph tissue tumor classification criteria, 56 cases were roughly divided into three types: AML M1, M2, and M4/M5. However, there was no differences about NK cells among the three types, so it was no longer subdivided. NK cells were divided into two groups: CD3-CD56hiCD16- (CD56hiNK) and CD3-CD56dimCD16+ (CD56dimNK). Compared with CD56dimNK cell population, except for NKP46, the positive expression levels of NKG2D and other receptors of CD56hiNK cells in AML patients decreased (P<0.001). Compared with healthy controls, the proportion of CD56hiNK cells in AML patients increased, while the number and proportion of NK cells and proportion of CD56dimNK cells significantly decreased (P<0.05). The proportion of perforin in CD56hiNK cells significantly increased (P<0.05). The expression of DNAM-1 in CD56hiNK cells, NKG2D, DNAM-1, and perforin in CD56dimNK cells decreased significantly (P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in expression of other functional indexes in AML patients compared with corresponding indexes of healthy controls. In addition, the proportion of CD56hiNK cells was positively correlated with the expression of CD34+ in AML (r=0.303).@*CONCLUSION@#Compared with CD56dimNK, the ratio of CD56hiNK and the expression of functional markers in AML patients are lower. Compared with healthy controls, the number and expression ratio of NK cells in AML patients decrease and the expression of functional markers is abnormal, indicating that its function is impaired.

Effect of Buyang Huanwutang on Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 Antioxidant Signaling Pathway in Rats with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo study the effect of Buyang Huanwutang on Kelch-like Ech-related protein 1 （Keap1）/nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 （Nrf2）/heme oxygenase-1 （HO-1） antioxidant signaling pathway in rats with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis （IPF） and explore the mechanism of this prescription in the treatment of IPF. MethodForty SPF-grade male SD rats were assigned into a sham operation group， a model group， a Buyang Huanwutang group， and a nintedanib group according to random number table method， with 10 rats in each group. IPF rat model was established by intratracheal infusion of bleomycin （0.005 g·kg-1） in other groups except the sham operation group. Buyang Huanwutang group was administrated with Buyang Huanwutang (14.84 g·kg-1)，intragastric administration of nitedanib suspension (0.1 g·kg-1)，sham operation group and model group were given equal volume of normal saline， for 28 days. After lung function test， serum and lung tissue samples were collected. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining and Masson trichrome staining were employed to observe the pathological changes of the lung tissue. The content of hydroxyproline （HYP） in lung tissue was detected. The levels of malondialdehyde （MDA） in serum and lung tissue， and the activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD）， glutathione peroxidase （GSH-Px） and catalase （CAT） were determined. The mRNA and protein levels of Keap1， Nrf2， and HO-1 was determined by Real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction， immunohistochemical staining， and Western blot. ResultCompared with the sham operation group， the modeling increased the resistance and elasticity and decreased the compliance of respiratory system （P<0.01）， elevated the lung index， pathological score， and HYP content in lung tissue （P<0.01）， and enriched MDA in serum and lung tissue， while it decreased the activities of SOD， GSH-Px， and CAT （P<0.01）. Furthermore， the modeling down-regulated the mRNA and protein levels of Keap1 and up-regulated those of Nrf2 and HO-1 in lung tissue （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， Buyang Huanwutang decreased the resistance and elasticity and increased the compliance of respiratory system （P<0.01）， lowered the lung index， pathological score， and HYP content in lung tissue （P<0.01）， and reduced MDA in serum and lung tissue， while it increased the activities of SOD， GSH-Px， and CAT （P<0.01）. Additionally， Buyang Huanwutang down-regulated the expression of Keap1 and up-regulated that of Nrf2 and HO-1 in lung tissue （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionBuyang Huanwutang can activate Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway to enhance the antioxidant capacity and slow down the pathological process of IPF in rats.

Molecular Mechanism of Jingfang Mixture Against H1N1 Influenza Based on Network Pharmacology and Experimental Verification / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo predict the potential targets and mechanism of Jingfang mixture in the treatment of H1N1 influenza and provide references for clinical application of Jingfang mixture. MethodThe active components and targets of Jingfang mixture against H1N1 influenza were screened out by Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform（TCMSP），SwissTargetPrediction， and TargetNet. The targets of H1N1 influenza were obtained from GeneCards，Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man （OMIM）， and DisGeNET and standardized by UniProt KB. The intersection targets were obtained by Venny 2.1.0. The "drug-component-target" network was constructed with Cytoscape 3.2.1 and analyzed for the topological attributes. The intersection targets were uploaded to STRING 11.5 to obtain the protein-protein interaction （PPI） network. Gene Ontology （GO） enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes （KEGG） analysis were carried out by Metascape. Finally，the top active components ranked by degree were docked to the core targets by Autodock vina and visually analyzed by PyMOL. Balb/c female rats were used for experimental verification. Hematoxylin-eosin（HE） staining was used to observe the pathological changes in lung tissues. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA）was used to detect the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α），interleukin-10（IL-10）， and interleukin-17（IL-17）. Real-time fluorescence-based quantitative polymerase chain reaction（Real-time PCR） and Western blot were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression levels in lung tissues. ResultThere were 144 active components in Jingfang mixture. A total of 421 target genes of Jingfang mixture and 2 956 targets of H1N1 influenza were identified，including 199 common targets. Topological analysis showed that the core components of Jingfang mixture against H1N1 influenza included quercetin，luteolin， and kaempferol，and the core targets included prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2（PTGS2），estrogen receptor alpha（ESR1），inducible nitric oxide synthase 2（iNOS2），peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorγ（PPARγ），and cyclooxygenase-1（PTGS1）. GO enrichment yielded 697 items in biological process （BP） （P<0.01）， 59 items in molecular function （MF）（P<0.01）， and 21 items in cellular component （CC） （P<0.01）. A total of 132 signaling pathways （P<0.01） were obtained by KEGG enrichment analysis， including phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases（PI3K）/protein kinase B（Akt） signaling pathway and mitogen-activated protein kinase（MAPK） signaling pathway，most of which were related to the regulation of immune inflammation. Molecular docking showed that the binding energy of the active components of Jingfang mixture to the core targets was less than -5.0 kcal·mol-1，indicating good binding activity. HE staining showed that the lung tissues were significantly improved after drug intervention，and Real-time PCR and Western blot showed that Jingfang mixture could reduce the mRNA and protein expression of PI3K and Akt in lung tissues. ConclusionJingfang mixture can play an anti-viral effect against the influenza A virus through multiple components，multiple targets， and multiple pathways. The active components quercetin，luteolin， and kaempferol may control the inflammation and regulate immunity on the PI3K/Akt，MAPK， and other signaling pathways by acting on targets such as PTGS2，ESR1，iNOS2，PPARγ， and PTGS1.

High-Quality-Factor AlON Transparent Ceramics for 5 GHz Wi-Fi Aesthetically Decorative Antennas.

Transparent material has been widely used in product design and has seen a large increase in its use. In this paper, a kind of aesthetically decorative 5 GHz Wi-Fi dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) of aluminum oxynitride (AlON) transparent ceramic has been designed. High-quality-factor AlON transparent dielectric ceramics were fabricated by presintering at 1780 °C and further cold isostatic pressing (CIP) under a 200 MPa argon atmosphere. For a 9.0 mm thick specimen, the in-line light transmittance reached 83%. Optimum dielectric constant (εr = 9.32), quality factor (Qf = 47 960) and temperature coefficient (TCF = -51.7 ppm/°C) was achieved in the AlON transparent ceramic by cold isostatic pressing. As a result, the proposed aesthetically decorative DRA can achieve an impedance bandwidth of 32% (4.48-6.19 GHz), a high radiation efficiency of 85%, and a low cross-polarization discrimination (XPD) of -30 dB. To achieve a broad bandwidth, the proposed antenna was excited in its dominant TE111x mode and higher-order TE113x mode. The proposed antenna is thus an excellent candidate for an indoor decoration Wi-Fi antenna.

Dynamic changes of the PGAM1 expression in the mouse testis exposed to single heat stress / 中华男科学杂志

Objective@#To investigate the expression of phosphoglycerate mutase 1 (PGAM1) in the mouse testis after exposure to single heat stress (SHS).@*METHODS@#We randomly assigned 32 C57 male mice to an SHS (n = 16) and a control group (n = 16), the former bathed in water at 43 ℃ and the latter at 25 ℃ for 15 minutes. At 1 and 7 days after exposure, we harvested the testicular tissue for observation of the morphological changes of testicular cells by HE staining and determination of the location and expression of the PGAM1 protein by immunohistochemistry and Western blot.@*RESULTS@#The testis volume of the mice were reduced significantly, the spermatogenic tubules were disorganized, and the cells were reduced in number after heat stress and basically disappeared after 7 days. Immunohistochemistry showed extensive expression of the PGAM1 protein in the testicular spermatogenic tubules of the SHS-exposed mice, significantly higher than in the control group at 1 day after exposure, which was down-regulated in the testis tissue at 7 days, but still markedly higher than that in the control. Western blot exhibited significantly up-regulated expression of the PGAM1 protein after heat stress compared with that in the control group.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The expression of the PGAM1 protein undergoes dynamic changes in the mouse testis after exposed to single heat stress, which is related to heat stress-induced proliferation and division of testicular spermatogenic cells.

Clinical Characteristics and Prognosis of Elderly Patients with Medium and High risk Myelodysplastic Syndrome / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients with medium and high risk myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS).@*METHODS@#97 MDS patients above the age of 60 treated in Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University from February 2011 to August 2020 were enrolled. The clinical characteristics and prognosis of the MDS patients with medium risk, high risk or very high risk based on IPSS-R category were retrospectively analyzed. According to the difference of treatment regimes, the patients were divided into the transplantation group, chemotherapy group and other treatment group, and the efficacy among the patients in the 3 groups were analyzed.@*RESULTS@#MDS with excess blast (MDS-EB) in the elderly patients with medium and high risk MDS were the most common, 47.4% of the patients with abnormal chromosome karyotypes, and 23.7% with complex karyotypes (≥3). 97.3% of the patients showed at least one gene mutation, and TP53 mutations were detected in nearly 20% of the patients with medium and high risk. Multivariate analysis showed that IPSS-R category and treatment regimes were the factors affecting the prognosis of elderly patients with medium and high risk MDS. The median overall survival (OS) time of the patients in the 3 groups showed significant difference (P=0.012), and the median OS of the patients in the transplantation group was significantly longer than that in the chemotherapy group and other group (P=0.003,P=0.014,respectively), while there was no significant difference in median OS between chemotherapy group and other treatment group (P=0.685).@*CONCLUSION@#Elderly MDS patients with medium and high risk can benefit from allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, which will prolong their OS.