[Aspects of developing a unified information system of space crew medical support based on networking technologies]. / Voprosy sozdaniia edinoi informatsionnoi sistemy meditsinskogo obespecheniia kosmicheskikh poletov na osnove vnedreniia setevykh tekhnologii peredachi dannykh.

Computerization of national and international space research projects, real-time data management, improvement of the quality of medical support to space crew through more extensive use of video, audio and telemetric information put in the forefront the necessity to integrate individual experts and agencies in a single network. Described is the structure of the operative network mounted at the Russian Federation State Research Center--Institute of Biomedical Problems. The authors discuss issues related to networking participants in medical support of manned missions, and a biomedical data exchange format. Developed was a prototype of an on-line Web-server. Prospect for advancement of the informational network is outlined.

Technical evolutions of the French multipurpose instruments for Cognitive Neurosciences.

Since the first French flight in space in 1982, the CNES has developed a wide range of instruments, especially in the field of Neurosciences. The design of these instruments has considerably evolved from rather simple equipment up to much more sophisticated tools that are being specially tailored for these missions. Four major phases can be identified: -a simple adaptation of an echographe leading to the first neurosciences experiments (the ARAGATZ'88 mission), -the ILLUSIONS and VIMINAL instruments used during the ANTARES'92 and ALTAIR'93 missions, -the COGNILAB instrument developed for the CASSIOPEE'96 mission, to be re-used in 1997 and in 1999, -a preliminary design of the 1999 mission payload, including virtual reality concepts, in a modular design to adapt to the European COF. Aside from the evolution of scientific requirements, the experience gained during the flights led to progressive improvements in the different technical parts, including visual system, body restraint systems, accessories, such as a force feedback joystick, computer and software, etc. This paper describes the technical evolutions in the CNES Neurosciences program.

[Modernization of methods amd technical means of information supply of piloted space flights]. / Modernizatsiia metodov i apparatnykh sredstv informatsionnogo obespecheniia pilotiruemykh kosmicheskikh poletov.

The goal was to lay basis for a change to modern, adequate to international standards technology of the biomedical data transfer to and from the orbital complex, and setting-up a computer network to link all partners in the medical care systems for space missions. Main sources of the board biomedical information were identified as well as associated restrictions on communication capabilities and upgrading the in-flight procedures. Advantages of INTERNET were analyzed and the need for high-speed digital downlink of the biomedical data was substantiated.