[Suicide and addictive characteristics of spouses with alcohol dependence according to the marriage dynamics]. / Suitsidologicheskaya i narkologicheskaya kharakteristiki suprugov, stradayushchikh alkogol'noi zavisimost'yu, i varianty dinamiki braka.

AIM: To explore how alcoholism of the husband impacts the dynamics of the marriage. The authors assume and justify the existence of isolated clinical/phenomenological types of marriages in these families: with permanently closed, primarily and secondary opened marriage systems. MATERIAL AND METHODS: It has been examined 125 families with special questionnaire. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Demonstrated that no common scenario exists for spouses, in particular, for co-dependent reaction of the wife. Assessment of autoaggresive patterns, addictive and co-dependent characteristics of spouses in respect of the variants of marriage dynamics were presented. This is of importance for effective prevention and treatment both of addiction and suicide as well as significantly expands current theoretical conceptions on «alcohol¼ marriages in general and codependence phenomenon in particular.

[The phenomenon of attachment to parents, the duration of therapeutic remissions and autoaggressive behavior among inpatients with alcohol addiction].

OBJECTIVE: To determine the role of phenomenon of attachment to parents in the formation of therapeutic remission and the relationship between attachment styles and autoaggressive behavior in patients with alcohol addiction (AA). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Sixty-two patients with AA and 30 controls were examined. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Insecure attachment styles were most frequents in AA patients that indicated a role of attachment pathology in the development of the disease. Higher frequency of secure and preoccupied styles were noted in patients with AA with the duration of therapeutic remissions more than one year compared to those with shorter duration. No effect of duration of therapeutic remission on autoaggressive behavior was found in patients who did not receive special treatment. In AA patients, avoidant style was correlated with autoaggression in family and professional spheres, and high-anxious style was correlated with classical autoaggression in the form of antisocial behavior.

[The practical use of placebo effect in psychotherapeutic treatment of patients with substance use disorders: therapeutic and ethic consequences]. / Primenenie effekta platsebo v psikhoterapii narkologicheskikh bol'nykh: terapevticheskie i eticheskie aspekty.

The article discusses therapeutic potential of placebo and nocebo effects in treatment of substance use disorders. The authors review the background of the issue, describe neurobiological and psychological mechanisms of placebo effects and demonstrate their impact on psychotherapy of patients with substance use disorders. Attention is drawn to the clinical and ethical issues of practical use of placebo effects including that in terms of placebo-therapy, indirect suggestion psychotherapy, motivational interventions and cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy, psychotherapy with the use of disulfiram, psychopharmacotherapy with opioid antagonists. The authors conclude that the ethical use of placebo-effects in treatment of substance use disorders may improve its overall efficiency.

[The therapeutic alliance as a main factor of building cooperation during the treatment of patients with opiate addiction]. / Terapevticheskii al'ians kak osnovnoi faktor formirovaniia sotrudnichestva v protsesse lecheniia bol'nykh opioidnoi zavisimost'iu.

Objective. To assess an alliance-centred method of short-term psychotherapy (AP) in the formation of compliance in patients with opiate addiction. Material and methods. Authors studied 100 male inpatients with ICD-10 diagnosis Opioid Dependence (F11.2). Patients were stratified into main (with use of AP) and control groups. The tasks of short-term psychotherapy were to determine mutual goals for the patient and the physician and the interaction between them. Results and Conclusion. Based on some special quantitative psychological tests and correlation analysis, it was identified that AP stimulated compliance behaviour in patients with opioid dependence more effectively than traditional recommendations.

[The influence of suicidal tendencies on non-suicidal autoaggressive behavior, psychological phenomena and addictive disorders in men with alcoholic dependence].

The effect of suicidal activity on the auto-aggressive behavior and addictive behavior as well as on psychological traits has been studied in 125 men with alcoholic dependence. The presence of suicidal tendencies sharply increases the probability of various forms of non-suicidal auto-destructive behavior. This category of patients has specific personality-psychological features and the peculiar clinical presentation of the prior addictive disease.

[Peculiarities of erectile dysfunction in men with alcohol dependence].

To verify the etiopathogenic structure of erectile dysfunction in alcohol dependence, we have investigated 80 men with erectile dysfunction and alcohol dependence (the main group) and 40 men with erectile dysfunction without alcohol dependence (the control group). Endocrine and vasculogenic forms of erectile dysfunction were more frequent in men with alcohol dependence as compared to men without alcohol dependence, and the presentation of sexual disorder was complicated due to the increase in the number of accompanying syndromes. At the same time, as alcohol dependence progresses, the part of organic forms of erectile dysfunction and the number of syndromes which accompany erectile dysfunction increase.

[Suicidal and personality characteristics of women married to men with alcohol dependence and suicidal activity].

The effect of the suicidal activity in men with alcohol dependence on suicidal indexes, personal-codependency and psychological specifics of their wives has been studied. It has been found that women married to suicidal men with alcohol dependence significantly more frequently demonstrate suicidal activity (a phenomenon of suicidal matrimonial comorbidity) compared to wives of "non-suicidal" men. They also reveal non-suicidal behavioral patterns more frequently and prosuicidal predictors are quite common in them. This contingent of women has high suicidal potential that needs special attention during the therapeutic work.

[The comparative analysis of patients with co-morbid psychiatric and substance abuse pathologies in follow-up outpatients].

The findings of the comparative analysis of patients with alcohol dependence and psychopathology are presented. The main group (active follow-up) comprised 33 patients who had committed socially dangerous actions and the control follow-up group comprised 75 patients. Between-group differences in personality changes, specifics of the alcohol-use component of the comorbid disorder and responsiveness to psychotherapy are shown.