Capillaroscopy and ECG parameters in children and adolescents with diabetes mellitus type I.

AIM OF THE RESEARCH: Evaluate ECG parameters and detect changes in capillaroscopy parameters in children and adolescents with Diabetes mellitus type 1 (DMT1). ECG and capillaroscopy were performed in 32 children and adolescents (6-15 years old, 17 boys,15 girls) with DMT1. Disease duration - less than 2 years -13, 2-4 years - 10, 5-10 years - 9 cases. The patients were divided into two groups: I group - 12 patients with no complications of DMT1 (in all them duration of disease was less than 2 years), II group - 20 patients with diagnosed cardiac complications of DMT1 (diabetic cardiomyopathy, angiopathy). Additionally 6 of them had diabetic encephalopathy , 4 - diabetic encephalopathy and peripheral neuropathy, 4 - nephropathy and retinal antipathy. Level of glycosides hemoglobin was 8-11%, level of glucose 4 to 15 mmole/L. Control group included 20 healthy children of the same age. In group I ECG is less informative. Hypertrophies of left ventricle and atrium and disorders of repolarization were mainly found in group II. In 62.5% of cases rhythm and conduction disorders were revealed, which were more often in group II. Capillaroscopy changes (pale and cyanotic background, decreasing of the number of capillaries in sight, dilated and contracted diameter, pathological shape and order of capillaries, slow blood flow) were seen both in I and II groups with more prevalence and intensity in the latter one. In children and adolescents with Diabetes mellitus type 1 ECG and capillaroscopy should be performed on the regular basis in order to reveal early changes and start the appropriate treatment in time.

Assessment of anthropological, physical and functional indices in sportsmen (basketball players) against the background of high physical loading.

The goal of the investigation was the estimation of functional condition of anthropometrical, physical and cardiovascular system of sportsmen-basketball players against the background of high physical loading. 100 basketball players at the age from 12 till 18 years underlay the study. Randomized and open controllable research was carried out during 6 months. The following characteristics have been studied: how many days the sportsman is training in a week, how many hours the sportsman is training per day, his mood after training, over fatigue and overtension, frequency of heartbeat, time of breath holding, the general condition, the height in sitting and standing position; circumference of lumbus, chest, arm and limbs, the pulse, pulse, systolic and diastolic arterial pressure before and after physical loading. According to these factors the following sport indices are calculated: Index of Rufe (physical work capacity), the coefficient of endurance (Kvas formula), Shtange test (breath holding at sighing), Genchi test (breath holding at exhalation), average arterial pressure, systolic and cardiac output of blood circulation (the formula of Lilienstrad and Tsander), the coefficient of blood circulation effectiveness, Ketle index (the ratio of height and weight), Minuvre index (the ratio of body and feet length), Pinie index (power of body-build). Statistically authentic increase of breath and pulse in frequency was observed in sportsmen-basketball players after physical loading. The study of amplitude parameters of cardiac cycle among sportsmen-basketball players before and after physical loading has revealed the ability of rather low adaptation of cardiovascular system to physical loading.

[Assessment of psychomotor development in preschool and early preschool children, as a long term outcome of neonatal bacterial meningitis].

Disorder of the cognitive function and psychomotor retardation in the preschool and early preschool children is a result of neonatal bacterial meningitis in most cases. We have investigated 142 patients after neonatal bacterial meningitis and bacterial sepsis. We followed these children during 7 years (1998-2005). The whole contingency was divided into three groups: I group - bacterial meningitis (64 cases), II group - bacterial meningitis and sepsis (56 cases) and III (control) group - 22 patients with bacterial sepsis of different degrees. With the purpose of estimation of the psychomotor development, we have applied: Bayley screening test of infant developmental test (0 -2 y); Denver developmental screening test, and Denver-2 (0-6 y); Raven progressive matrices (5-11 y); Wechsler Intelligence scale for children (6-15 y). We have determined that the results of neonatal bacterial meningitis are predictors of severe long-term outcome of the disease. Analysis of the obtained data enables us to conclude that outcome of neonatal bacterial meningitis and sepsis in combination with bacterial meningitis is more severe than of bacterial sepsis.