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Objective: The objective of this study is to determine the drug resistance status of pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Jilin Province. Methods: A retrospective survey was conducted on 395 sputum culture TB-positive patients admitted to the tuberculosis hospital in Jilin Province in 2019. Sputum samples were cultured in acidic Roche medium. Drug sensitivity testing was conducted using the proportional method. Sensitivity was reported if the percentage of drug resistance was less than 1%, and resistance was reported if the percentage was ≥1%. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 22.0. Results: 395 tuberculosis patients with positive sputum tuberculosis culture were included in the study, with 102 being initially treated and 293 being retreated. The study population consisted of 283 males and 112 females. Sex, age, nationality, occupation, marital status, diabetes comorbidity, initial treatment, normal health status, BCG vaccine vaccination, smoking, and alcohol consumption were considered as factors that may affect the rate of multidrug resistance. And only the history of treatment (initial treatment) was associated with multidrug resistance (p = 0.032). This indicates that retreatment is the most significant risk factor for the occurrence of multidrug resistance in tuberculosis. The multidrug resistance rate in retreated patients is 3.764 times higher than that in initially treated patients. Conclusion: The prevalence of multidrug-resistant is higher in retreated patients compared to initially treated patients in the study population. Multidrug resistance is only associated with the treatment history (initial retreatment) and not with other factors.
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Abstract@#Subjective social status and life skill level are important influencing factors of adolescent health risk behaviors, and they interact with each other and jointly act on adolescent health risk behaviors, which make the mechanism of adolescent health risk behaviors become more diverse and complex. The current paper reviews the correlations among subjective social status, life skill level and adolescent health risk behaviors, in order to explore the joint influence of subjective social status and life skill level on adolescent health risk behaviors, then provides future directions for exploring possible mechanisms, and proposes recommendations for effective prevention strategies of adolescent health risk behaviors.
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Objective:To explore the clinical characteristics of neonate with arrhythmia and the potential risk factors for cardiac insufficiency.Methods:Research data were collected from the cases of neonate with arrhythmia from January 2017 to June 2021 at the Neonatology Department at Children′s Hospital Capital Institute of Pediatrics.A retrospective analysis was conducted to summarize the clinical features and analyze the risk factors of arrhythmia leading to cardiac insufficiency.Results:A total of 90 cases were enrolled, with a male to female ratio of 1.43∶1(53∶37), and the median gestational age was 39(37, 40)weeks; with 16(17.8%) premature infants, 74 full-term infants(82.2%), and the median onset age was 3(0, 11)days.In this group, 63.3% cases(57/90)were irregular rhythmic arrhythmias, of which 66.7%(38/57)were atrial premature contractions, 23.3%(21/90) were tachyarrhythmias, and 13.3%(12/90)were bradyarrhythmias.Additionally, 80.0%(72/90)of the cases had no typical clinical manifestations.Besides, 37.7%(34/90)of the patients had single infection factor, and 4.4%(4/90)of the patients had infection with perinatal hypoxia asphyxia.The ratio of the premature birth, maternal autoimmune diseases and the tachyarrhythmia were higher in heart failure group than those in normal heart function group(71.4% vs.13.3%, P<0.001; 28.6% vs.3.6%, P=0.006; 100% vs.16.9%, P<0.001). The random forest model showed that the factors of premature delivery and maternal autoimmune disease had the greatest influence on cardiac function, and the analysis of 21 tachyarrhythmias showed that the duration of arrhythmia had the greatest influence on cardiac function. Conclusion:Atrial premature contraction is the most common in neonate with arrhythmia, and with non-typical clinical manifestations.The infection and the infection combined with perinatal asphyxia are the main influencing factors of neonate with arrhythmia.Premature delivery, maternal autoimmune disease and the duration of tachyarrhythmias are the main risk factors of neonatal arrhythmias leading to cardiac dysfunction.
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Objective:To explore the clinical characteristics of neonate with arrhythmia and the potential risk factors for cardiac insufficiency.Methods:Research data were collected from the cases of neonate with arrhythmia from January 2017 to June 2021 at the Neonatology Department at Children′s Hospital Capital Institute of Pediatrics.A retrospective analysis was conducted to summarize the clinical features and analyze the risk factors of arrhythmia leading to cardiac insufficiency.Results:A total of 90 cases were enrolled, with a male to female ratio of 1.43∶1(53∶37), and the median gestational age was 39(37, 40)weeks; with 16(17.8%) premature infants, 74 full-term infants(82.2%), and the median onset age was 3(0, 11)days.In this group, 63.3% cases(57/90)were irregular rhythmic arrhythmias, of which 66.7%(38/57)were atrial premature contractions, 23.3%(21/90) were tachyarrhythmias, and 13.3%(12/90)were bradyarrhythmias.Additionally, 80.0%(72/90)of the cases had no typical clinical manifestations.Besides, 37.7%(34/90)of the patients had single infection factor, and 4.4%(4/90)of the patients had infection with perinatal hypoxia asphyxia.The ratio of the premature birth, maternal autoimmune diseases and the tachyarrhythmia were higher in heart failure group than those in normal heart function group(71.4% vs.13.3%, P<0.001; 28.6% vs.3.6%, P=0.006; 100% vs.16.9%, P<0.001). The random forest model showed that the factors of premature delivery and maternal autoimmune disease had the greatest influence on cardiac function, and the analysis of 21 tachyarrhythmias showed that the duration of arrhythmia had the greatest influence on cardiac function. Conclusion:Atrial premature contraction is the most common in neonate with arrhythmia, and with non-typical clinical manifestations.The infection and the infection combined with perinatal asphyxia are the main influencing factors of neonate with arrhythmia.Premature delivery, maternal autoimmune disease and the duration of tachyarrhythmias are the main risk factors of neonatal arrhythmias leading to cardiac dysfunction.
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Objective@#To understand comprehensive sexuality education knowledge among junior high school students in China, and to analyze relevant influencing factors to provide scientific basis for the implementation of school based sexuality education or comprehensive sexuality education in the future.@*Methods@#By using convenient sampling method, a cross sectional survey was conducted among 4 545 students at grade 1 to grade 3 from junior middle schools in Beijing, Liaoning, Sichuan, Chongqing, Yunnan, Henan, using an online electronic questionnaire during September to October 2021. The questionnaire included general demographic information, subjective social status, sex education received at home and school, bullying, as well as knowledge, attitude, practice and needs towards comprehensive sexuality education.@*Results@#The average score of the comprehensive sexuality education knowledge was (12.21±3.10) points, which was converted to (71.82±18.21) points based on the percentage based system. The scores varied by grade, sex and sexuality education setting, significantly higher in grade 3 students (12.69±2.99), girls (12.28±3.01) ( P < 0.01), and students who have received sex education at home (12.67±2.88) and students who received sex education at school (12.63±2.91), as well as those who had actively searched for sex information online had a higher score (12.71±2.94) ( t =35.10, 28.78, 10.55, P <0.01).Further analysis using multiple linear regression and Logistic regression, "whether you have received sex education at home" "whether you have received sex education at school" "whether you have searched the Internet actively" and "whether it is necessary to carry out comprehensive sex education" are still correlated with the score of comprehensive sex education knowledge; "self reported bullying" was still associated with "subjective social status" score, correct rate of question 2, and "shyness and inferiority toward the development of secondary sexual characteristics" ( P <0.01).@*Conclusion@#The current comprehensive sexuality education knowledge among junior high school students needs to be improved. The level of implementation of sexuality education in different settings varies, but the implementation of sexuality education in schools can help improve students comprehensive sexuality education knowledge level.
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Objective@#To understand the characteristics of sexual partners and the influence of having multiple sexual partners on substance use among young male students man who have sex with men (MSM) in China, and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of HIV/AIDS among young MSM students.@*Methods@#A mixed recruitment method of snowball sampling and respondent driven sampling was used to recruit young MSM students in Beijing and Tianjin, and a questionnaire survey was conducted among 220 participants from November to December 2019. Chi-square test and generalized linear model multi-factor Logistic regression were used to analyze the influencing factors of substance use before sexual behavior.@*Results@#The average age of them was (22.39±2.57) years old, 84.5% of them were students, the average age of first sexual behavior was (18.83±2.45) years old, 44.1% of them had two or more sexual partners (including fixed sexual partners, temporary sexual partners and commercial sexual partners), 22.7% had more than one male fixed partner. After adjusting for age and education, having multiple sexual partners was risk factor for drinking alcohol before sex (aOR=2.97) or substance abuse (aOR=2.39). Having male temporary sexual partner was an risk factor in substance use before sexual behavior(OR=4.10).@*Conclusion@#The characteristics of sexual partners among young MSM students are complex, and the proportion of multiple sexual partners is high. Having fixed single sexual partner can reduce the risk of substance use before sexual behavior. AIDS prevention education for young MSM students should be further strengthened.
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Objective@#The proposal of this study is to determine the feasibility of using online social software to guide popular opinion leaders(POLs) among young students MSM (men who have sex with men, MSM) carrying out comprehensive AIDS prevention in young students MSM.@*Methods@#From November to December 2019 in Tianjin, 22 POLs who had previously experienced AIDS prevention education and training foucus on life skills were recruited. Though snowball sampling method, 100 POLs partners (friends, sexual partners, classmates, etc) were invited into the study. From January to March 2020, regular posters will be sent through the WeChat platform to guide POL to intervene their partners/sexual partners. The questionnaire surveys were conducted before and after the intervention.@*Results@#After the intervention, both the proportion of young students MSM had sex and with multiple sex partners decreased(χ2=12.12, 5.94, P<0.05). The comprehensive ability of AIDS prevention has improved significantly, the "National Eight Items" correct rate has risen from 90.0% to 99.0%(χ2=5.82, 7.56, P<0.05), and the "Youth Eight Items" correct rate has increased from 86.0% to 98.0%(P<0.01). Knowledge score increased from(11.08±1.89) to (11.84±1.27); Attitude score increased from (54.29±4.01) to (56.06±3.75), the behavior score increased from (52.12±4.78) to (55.08±4.25), skill score increased from (51.96±4.75) to (54.67±5.04), The comprehensive prevention ability score (percent) increased from (87.30±6.95) to (91.86±5.42)(t=-4.21, -3.51, -5.32, -5.16, -6.45, P<0.01).@*Conclusion@#Using Wechat platform to guide POL carrying out comprehensive AIDS prevention is effective for improving the comprehensive AIDS prevention ability of young students MSM.
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Objective@#To identify the characteristics of social network and the association between ego-centric network and HIV status among young MSM Chinese students.@*Methods@#The cross-sectional study was conducted in Chongqing, Tianjin, Harbin and Xi an city from April to December 2017 and from March to May 2018. A mixed recruitment method of snowball sampling and RDS approach was used to recruit participants who reported information on social network and received HIV test. The Multiple Regression Analysis method was used to for the analysis of association between ego-centric social network and HIV status of men who have sex with men (MSM) among young students.@*Results@#The sample included 547 participants who nominated 1 088 social partners in total with average age of 13 to 60 years old. The MSM with different sexual orientation from their social members (aOR=0.38), embedded in a large network (aOR=0.63), with a high individual betweenness centrality (aOR=0.27) were at lower risk of HIV-positive status; while MSM who differed greatly in education level with their social members(aOR=1.60), existed in sexual networks(aOR=1.41), existed in the “risky networks” (aOR=1.88) , with high network density (aOR=1.91) and a high individual degree (aOR=4.10) had higher risk of HIV-positive status(P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#MSM with great difference in education level from social members, existed in sexual networks, with a large network density and a high degree were exposed to higher risk of HIV-positive status.
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Objective:To investigate the effect of HLA genetic susceptibility and NK cell receptors and immune response on the occurrence and development of the Cervical cancer.Methods: Select the 200 patients confirmed by the pathological biopsy in our hospital from January 2013 to January 2014 as the observation group.At the same time,randomly select the 200 healthy women as the control group.Both of them blood 2 ml peripheral blood,sample the cervical cell from the observation group.Having the cytological ob-servation and the DNA′s probe of the HPV,observe two group′s HPV infection rates and HLA′s parting.Results: The HPV infection rates of the observation group is 91%,and the rates of the control group is 16%.The differences between them were all significant(P<0.05).The HLA-KIR*1003,HLA-KIR*14,HLA-KIR*17,HLA-KIR*02,HLA-KIR*12 distribution frequency of the observation group are 41%,39%,35%,15%,53%.The HLA-KIR*1003,HLA-KIR*14,HLA-KIR*17,HLA-KIR*02,HLA-KIR*12 distribution frequency of the control group are 18%,15%,14%,52%,89%.The differences between them were all significant ( P<0.05).Among them The HLA-KIR*1003, HLA-KIR*14, HLA-KIR*17 distribution frequency of the observation group are significantly higher than the control group, HLA-KIR*02 , HLA-KIR*12 distribution frequency of the observation group are significantly lower than the control group.Conclusion:During the occurrence and development of the Cervical cancer,the HLA-KIR*1003,HLA-KIR*14,HLA-KIR*17 may be the risk factors for the Cervical cancer;the HLA-KIR*02,HLA-KIR*12 may be the protective factors for the Cervical cancer.
