[Elite athletes' electrocardiogram in Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso]. / Electrocardiographie du sportif de haut niveau d'entrainement à Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.

High-performance sport results in electrocardiographic changes. Some are benign, other can cause sudden death. The purpose of this study is to describe the features of electrocardiogram at rest in elite athletes living in Bobo-Dioulasso. We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study in the Department of Cardiology at the Souro Sanou University Hospital in Bobo-Dioulasso from August 2015 to February 2016. Elite athletes aged 17 to 35 years who had been training at least eight hours per week for more than six months, regardless of the type of sport, were enrolled. Two hundred elite athletes from four different sporting disciplines were included. The average age of athletes was 24 years (IIQ: 21-27). The median seniority in sport practice was 6 years (IIQ: 4-8) and the median duration of weekly training was 10 hours (IIQ: 10-10). Only 4% of the athletes had already undergone electrocardiogram. ECG showed abnormalities in 90.5% of cases and sinus bradycardia was the most common abnormality in 72.5% of cases. Left ventricular hypertrophy and left-atrial dilatation were reported in 44% and 34.5% respectively. Early repolarization syndrome was found in 47% of cases. In athletes, high-performance sport can result in electrical modifications. Practitioners need to know them in order to differentiate them from heart disease.

[Prevalence Of Bovine Nematodes In Peri-Urban Area And Bamako District]. / Prevalence Des Nematodoses Bovines Dans Le District Et La Zone Peri-Urbaine De Bamako.

Mali is a country with agro pastoral vocation. Livestock, because of the strong agro pastoral tradition, occupies an important place in the economy of Mali with nearly 30% of the Gross Domestic Product of the primary sector. . Practiced by 80% of the population, livestock farming contributes to the income of rural populations. Faeces were collected in the cattle in 4 parks of the district of Bamako and surroundings, chosen because of their accessibility in all seasons and also thanks to the informed consent of the owners of these parks. Feces were collected from the rectum of 143 cattle for nematode eggs from coproscopic examinations. At the end of this study, the presence of nematodes was demonstrated in all sampling sites with an average prevalence of 62.24%. The parasitic fauna consisted of Trichostrongylus sp, Strongyloides sp, Trichuris sp and Ascaris sp. The prevalence was 77.14% in Moribabougou park, 74.36% in Marako, 50% in Sanankoroba and 41.18% in Quartier sans fil park. The importance of nematode infections poses a real threat to cattle breeding in the parks of Bamako and its surroundings. This demonstrates a need to strengthen the national policy for monitoring animal health by the Ministry of Livestock.

Le Mali est un pays à vocation agropastorale. L'élevage, en raison de la forte tradition agropastorale, occupe une place importante dans l'économie du Mali avec près de 30% du Produit Intérieur Brut du secteur primaire. Pratiqué par 80% de la population, l'élevage, participe au revenu des populations rurales. Des fèces ont été prélevées chez des bovins dans 4 parcs du District de Bamako et environs, choisis à cause de leur accessibilité en toute saison et aussi grâce au consentement éclairé des propriétaires de ces parcs. Les fèces ont été prélevées dans le rectum de 143 bovins pour la recherche des œufs de nématodes à partir d'examens coproscopiques. A l'issu de cette étude, la présence des nématodes a été mise en évidence dans tous les sites de prélèvements avec une prévalence moyenne de 62,24%. La faune parasitaire était composée de Trichostrongylus sp, Strongyloides sp, Trichuris sp et Ascaris sp. La prévalence était de 77,14% dans le parc de Moribabougou, 74,36% à Marako, 50% à Sanankoroba et 41,18% dans le parc du Quartier sans fil. L'importance des infections dues aux nématodes constitue une réelle menace pour l'élevage bovine dans les parcs de Bamako et environs. Ceci démontre un besoin de renforcement de la politique nationale de suivi de la santé animale par le ministère de l'élevage.

[Prevalence and knowledge of arterial hypertension in the elderly: cross-sectional study conducted in Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso]. / Prévalence et connaissances de l'hypertension artérielle chez les personnes âgées: étude transversale menée à Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.

This study aims to determine the prevalence of arterial hypertension (AH) in the elderly people as well as their knowledge of this disease. We conducted a cross-sectional, descriptive study in the town of Bobo-Dioulasso from October to November 2015 at the intervention sites of the Association of Medical Assistance to elderly people "KAFOLI". Patients aged 60 years and more, with or without hypertension, who wished to participate in the study were included. Subjects were considered to be hypertensive when they had systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg or when they were under antihypertensive treatment. Socio-demographic and clinical data as well as the risk factors associated with the disease were collected. Knowledges on arterial hypertension were based on general knowledges about arterial hypertension as sources of information about it. A total of 88 subjects were included in this study. The study involved 56 women and 32 men (sex ratio 0.57). The average age of patients was 71 years (IQR:66-76). The prevalence of arterial hypertension was 61,36% and it was associated with knowledges about AH and with alcohol consumption; 68.18 % of patients had knowledge of AH. The majority of them were followed up in first-level health care nursing centres (64,81%). This study highlighted a high prevalence of hypertension in elderly people living in Bobo-Dioulasso. The majority of these persons were aware of this disease. In the majority of cases follow-up was ensured by nursing staff.

[Electrocardiography coupled with transthoracic echocardiography at rest in the diagnosis of cardiac impairments in type 2 diabetics: lessons learned from a cross-sectional case series in Burkina Faso]. / Electrocardiographie couplé à l'échocardiographie transthoracique de repos dans le diagnostic des atteintes cardiaques chez le diabétique de type 2: les enseignements d'une série transversale au Burkina Faso.

Diabetes is a powerful independent cardiovascular risk factor. The aim of this study is to describe the electrocardiographic and echocardiographic abnormalities observed in patients with type 2 diabetes treated in the Department of Medicine at the University Hospital in Bobo-Dioulasso. We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study of all patients with type 2 diabetes who gave consent from April to September 2014. We gathered clinical data from all the patients. They, moreover, underwent electrocardiography and doppler echocardiography. A total of 155 diabetics were investigated. The average age of patients was 55 years (IQR: 47-64) with a female predominance (sex ratio 0.5). Electrocardiographic abnormalities included repolarization abnormalities (31%) and atrial rhythm disorders (16,12%). Echocardiographic examination showed left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in 20,64% of cases. Left atrium was dilated in 14.19% of cases, LV was dilated in 1.3% of cases. Abnormal left ventricular ejection fraction was detected in 3.87% of cases. Nosological entities included hypertensive heart disease in 27 cases (54%), ischemic heart disease in 19 cases (38%), dilated cardiomyopathy in 2 cases (4%) and diabetic cardiomyopathy in 2 cases (4%). Heart failure was detected in 22 cases (44%) independently from cardiac impairment. Electrocardiographic and echocardiographic abnormalities are frequent in type 2 diabetes population at the University Hospital in Bobo-Dioulasso. Improved cooperation between cardiologists and diabetologists as well as the establishment of adequate technical screening equipment would be prerequisite for better cardiac risk stratification in this population.