ABSTRACT
A case of 25 years lasting semi-invasive (necrotic) aspergillosis is presented. Aspergilloma in the probably post-tuberculous cavity was the first sign of the disease. Then, in the course of disease, two broncho-pleural fistulas, bronchiectases and cirrhosis of the lung were observed. Effective antifungal treatment with itraconazole was followed by pneumonectomy of the affected lung.
Subject(s)
Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use , Aspergillosis/drug therapy , Bronchial Diseases/surgery , Fistula/surgery , Itraconazole/therapeutic use , Pleural Diseases/surgery , Aspergillosis/complications , Bronchial Diseases/etiology , Chronic Disease , Fistula/etiology , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Pleural Diseases/etiologyABSTRACT
The topography and cytoarchitectonics of the claustrum as well as morphometric parameters of its neurons were studied in 10 human brains obtained from patients without any detectable neuropathological changes. We distinguished four parts of the claustrum: dorsal, orbital, temporal and paraamygdalar. The dorsal and orbital parts contain larger cells, than those of the temporal and paraamygdalar parts, although these differences were statistically non significant. The highest neuronal density was observed in the paraamygdalar part. The nucleus and nucleus@cell body area ratio was significantly smaller in the dorsal part than in other parts of the claustrum. We described three types of neurons in the claustrum: (1) medium-sized either fusiform or triangular cells with darkly stained cytoplasm; they predominate in the dorsal and temporal parts, (2) medium-sized as well as large cells, either multipolar or pyramidal-like with lightly stained cytoplasm; they are most numerous in the orbital and paraamygdalar parts, (3) small, multipolar or oval neurons with darkly stained ring of cytoplasm; these types of neurons are uniformly distributed throughout all parts of the claustrum. The subdivision of the human claustrum is in accordance with our observations that each of these parts possesses connections with different cortical regions.
