ABSTRACT
Objetivo: Determinar la asociación de síntomas depresivos, la calidad del sueño, el estado nutricional y la velocidad de la marcha con el deterioro cognitivo de las personas de más de 60 años. Método: Estudio de corte transversal con diseño correlacional con un muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia. La población estuvo conformada por personas mayores de 60 o más años de edad pertenecientes a centros de día para adultos mayores de un área urbana de Tamaulipas, México. Se utilizaron 3 test neuropsicológicos (Stroop, Trazos de colores e Intervalo de dígitos) la Escala de depresión geriátrica, el Índice de calidad del sueño de Pittsburgh, el Mini Nutritional Assessment y la Batería corta de desempeño. Resultados: La muestra final fue de 108 adultos mayores. En cuanto a la influencia de los factores de riesgo para predecir el deterioro cognitivo se observó un modelo significativo (F=12,914, gl=4, p≥0,001), mostrando una varianza explicada de 33,4%, donde los síntomas depresivos (β=0,205; p=0,048), el sueño (β=0,322, p=0,001), el estado nutricional (β=0,336, p=0,001) y la velocidad de la marcha (β=0,244, p=0,004) se asociaron con el deterioro cognitivo. Conclusiones: Niveles altos de síntomas depresivos, horas de sueño prolongadas, un estado de malnutrición y una velocidad de marcha lenta se asociaron con el deterioro cognitivo de las personas de más de 60 años, lo cual aporta conocimientos para la implementación de intervenciones dirigidas a prevenir los factores de riesgo que predicen el deterioro cognitivo para así retardar su aparición.
Objective: To determine the relationship of depressive symptoms, sleep hygiene, nutritional status and gait speed with cognitive impairment in people over 60 years. Method: Cross-sectional, correlational design with a non-probability convenience sampling. The population was made up of people over 60 years of age belonging to recreational stays in an urban area of Tamaulipas, Mexico. Criterion measures included three neuropsychological tests (Stroop Test, Trail Making Test and Digit Span Subtest) the Geriatric Depression Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Mini Nutritional Assessment and the Short Physical Performance Battery. Results: The final sample was of 108 participants. Regarding the influence of risk factors to predict cognitive impairment a significant model was observed (F=12.914, gl=4, P≥.001), showing a variance explained of 33.4%, where depressive symptoms (β=.205, P=.048), sleep (β=.322, P=.001), nutritional status (β=.336, P=.001) and gait speed (β=.244, P=.004) were associated with cognitive impairment. Conclusions: High levels of depressive symptoms, prolonged sleep duration, a malnutrition status and a slow gait speed predict cognitive impairment of the people over 60 years, this provides knowledge for the implementation of interventions aimed at preventing the risk factors that predict cognitive decline in order to delay its appearance.(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Nutritional Status , Cognitive Dysfunction , Walking Speed , Depression , Sleep Wake Disorders , Cross-Sectional Studies , Health of the ElderlyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship of depressive symptoms, sleep hygiene, nutritional status and gait speed with cognitive impairment in people over 60 years. METHOD: Cross-sectional, correlational design with a non-probability convenience sampling. The population was made up of people over 60 years of age belonging to recreational stays in an urban area of Tamaulipas, Mexico. Criterion measures included three neuropsychological tests (Stroop Test, Trail Making Test and Digit Span Subtest) the Geriatric Depression Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Mini Nutritional Assessment and the Short Physical Performance Battery. RESULTS: The final sample was of 108 participants. Regarding the influence of risk factors to predict cognitive impairment a significant model was observed (F=12.914, gl=4, P≥.001), showing a variance explained of 33.4%, where depressive symptoms (ß=.205, P=.048), sleep (ß=-.322, P=.001), nutritional status (ß=-.336, P=.001) and gait speed (ß=.244, P=.004) were associated with cognitive impairment. CONCLUSIONS: High levels of depressive symptoms, prolonged sleep duration, a malnutrition status and a slow gait speed predict cognitive impairment of the people over 60 years, this provides knowledge for the implementation of interventions aimed at preventing the risk factors that predict cognitive decline in order to delay its appearance.
