ABSTRACT
At the A.O. Bolognini Seriate, within the WHP project, the 1942 employees have been evaluated, during the working suitability visit, for cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors. The following parameters were detected: height and weight measurement, calculation of BMI, abdominal circumference, lipid profile (total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, triglycerides), blood glucose. smoking habits, physical activities and sports activities. Each employee was also evaluated with Bioelectrical Impedence Analysis that allowed the acquisition of additional parameters such as the measure of muscle mass, fat mass, lean mass, body water, visceral fat and basal metabolic rate. Excess body fat is a cardiovascular risk factor underestimated by people, traditional tools of simple approach (weight, height, waist circumference, BMI) can often underestimate the presence of visceral fat, metabolically active and recognized risk factor even in normal weight subjects. The measurement of body fat with Bioelectrical Impedence Analysis has highlighted a high percentage of people with excess body fat, although classified as normal weight by calculation of BMI.
Subject(s)
Adipose Tissue , Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology , Health Promotion , Occupational Health , Public Health , Adult , Aged , Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control , Female , Humans , Italy , Male , Middle Aged , Risk Factors , Young AdultABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis transmission is a significant hazard in healthcare settings. METHODS: Risk factors suggested by CDC guidelines in 1994, which were adopted by the Italian Ministry of Health, were assessed in 29 centres via questionnaires in 2005. RESULTS: Few centers were equipped with negative pressure, respiratory isolation rooms. Half of the centres had high or ongoing risk. CONCLUSIONS: The hazard is underestimated mostly because of a high number of initially undiagnosed TB patients.
Subject(s)
Infectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional/statistics & numerical data , Tuberculosis/transmission , Health Facilities , Humans , Italy , Risk Assessment , Tuberculosis/epidemiologyABSTRACT
The observation of an HAV epidemic in Alzano Lombardo (Lower Valle Seriana, Bergamo) in 1984 induced to an epidemiological retrospective inquiry of previous epidemics happened in the above territory from 1968, to attain a comparative checking of epidemiological aspects. Organizative structural modifications on the overmunicipal water-cistern-management and the building of suitable sewers collector together with a better sanitary education become necessary against HAV, and they can be considered the only opportune prophylaxis.
