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1.
Rev. esp. quimioter ; 15(4): 366-373, dic. 2002.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-18750

ABSTRACT

El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar, antes de iniciar el tratamiento y durante éste, variables predictivas de respuesta en pacientes con hepatitis crónica C en recaída tras un tratamiento previo con interferón a, retratados con IFN--a más ribavirina con un régimen estándar y un seguimiento de más de 40 meses. Se incluyeron 44 pacientes (40 con genotipo 1 y 4 con genotipo no 1), de los cuales cuatro (con genotipo 1) fueron excluidos por efectos adversos. La tasa de respuesta sostenida fue del 55 por ciento (50 por ciento genotipo 1, 100 por ciento no 1).El estadio de la lesión histológica (>2), la GPT (£26 UI/l) y la asociación de GPT y detección del RNA del VHC al primer y tercer mes de tratamiento fueron las variables con un área bajo la curva ROC e intervalo de confianza >0,5. La probabilidad de predecir la respuesta sostenida (valor predictivo negativo) si el estadio de la lesión histológica era 26 UI/l y la detección de RNA del VHC al primer mes, así como la detección al tercer mes, predicen con fiabilidad la falta de respuesta, pero con una baja sensibilidad (10 por ciento a 12 por ciento). Se concluye que es posible predecir con un grado de fiabilidad aceptable, no inequívocamente, la respuesta al tratamiento combinado. El 90 por ciento de estos pacientes son candidatos a mantener el tratamiento al menos durante 6 o 12 meses, mientras que aproximadamente un 10 por ciento serían subsidiarios de interrumpir el tratamiento precozmente por falta de respuesta (AU)


Subject(s)
Adult , Male , Female , Humans , ROC Curve , Ribavirin , Hepatitis C, Chronic , Recurrence , Antiviral Agents , Drug Therapy, Combination , Interferons , Predictive Value of Tests
2.
Rev. esp. quimioter ; 15(3): 247-256, sept. 2002.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-18736

ABSTRACT

La finalidad de este estudio fue evaluar la tasa de respuesta sostenida, a los 6, 12 meses y al acabar el seguimiento (46,39 ñ 9,74 meses, extremos 6 y 60 meses), en pacientes con hepatitis crónica C retratados con interferón-a-2b (IFN-a) más ribavirina durante 6 meses (grupo A) o 12 meses (grupo B), en pacientes con recaída o no respondedores a la monoterapia previa con IFN-a, así como evaluar los cambios de la lesión histológica hepática. Se incluyeron 104 pacientes (100 con genotipo 1 y cuatro con genotipo no 1), 44 en recaída y 60 no respondedores, de los cuales el 20,2 por ciento se excluyeron por los efectos adversos. El 50 por ciento de los pacientes en recaída con genotipo 1 mostraron una respuesta sostenida, siendo mayor esta tasa (65 por ciento vs. 31,2; p <0.09) y menor la tasa de recidiva en el grupo B que en el A (7,2 por ciento vs. 61,5 por ciento; p <0.009), mientras que el 9,3 por ciento de los no respondedores mostraron una respuesta sostenida (A/B: 2/2). Los pacientes no respondedores con genotipo no 1 mostraron respuesta sostenida. La tasa de respuesta a los seis meses de seguimiento se mantiene constante excepto en los pacientes con recaída del grupo A (recidiva tardía 28,6 por ciento). La carga viral no se relacionó con la respuesta. El grado y el estadio de la lesión histológica mejoraron en los pacientes con respuesta sostenida (n=20; p <0.0001 y p <0.0001) y en un tercio de los no respondedores (n=45). El tratamiento combinado fue más eficaz con 12 que con 6 meses de tratamiento en los pacientes con recaída con genotipo 1, siendo baja la eficacia en los no respondedores. La evaluación de la respuesta a los 6 meses es fiable, excepto en los pacientes no respondedores con 6 meses de tratamiento. La lesión histológica mejoró sensiblemente con el tratamiento combinado, particularmente en los pacientes con respuesta sostenida. (AU)


Subject(s)
Adult , Male , Female , Humans , Ribavirin , Time Factors , Interferon-alpha , Hepatitis C, Chronic , Recurrence , Prospective Studies , Antiviral Agents , Drug Therapy, Combination , Genotype , Follow-Up Studies
3.
Rev Esp Quimioter ; 15(3): 247-56, 2002 Sep.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12582428

ABSTRACT

The aims of this study were twofold: i) to evaluate the sustained response rate at 6 months, at 12 months and at the end of the follow-up [(46.39 +/- 9.74 months) (range: 6-60 months)] in patients with chronic hepatitis C retreated with interferon-a (IFN-a) plus ribavirin for 6 months (group A), 12 months (group B), in patients with relapse and those with no response to a previous course of monotherapy with IFN-a; and ii) to evaluate changes in the histological liver lesion. One hundred and four patients (100 with genotype 1 and four without), 44 with relapse and 60 non-responders, were included. A total of 20.2% of the patients were excluded because of side effects. Fifty percent of the relapsing patients with genotype 1 showed a sustained response. The sustained response rate was higher in group B than in group A, whereas the rate for the relapsing patients was lower in group B than in group A (13/20 vs. 5/16; 7.2% vs. 61.5%; p <0.09 and p <0.009, respectively). However, 9.3% of the non-responding patients showed a sustained response (A/B: 2/2). The relapsing patients who had a genotype other than 1 showed a sustained response. The sustained response rate was constant throughout the follow-up, except in relapsing patients from group A (the late relapse rate was 28.6%). The viral load was not related to the response. The grade and stage of the histological lesion improved in patients with sustained response (n=20) and in one-third of the non-responding patients (n=45) (p <0.0001 and p <0.0001). IFN in combination with ribavirin was more effective in relapsing patients with genotype 1 at 12 months than in those at 6 months of treatment, whereas the effectiveness in non-responding patients was low. The sustained response evaluation at 6 months was reliable, except in relapsing patients with 6 months of treatment. The histological lesion improved significantly with combination antiviral therapy.


Subject(s)
Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use , Hepatitis C, Chronic/drug therapy , Interferon-alpha/therapeutic use , Ribavirin/therapeutic use , Adult , Drug Therapy, Combination , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Genotype , Hepatitis C, Chronic/genetics , Humans , Interferon alpha-2 , Male , Prospective Studies , Recombinant Proteins , Recurrence , Time Factors
4.
Rev Esp Quimioter ; 15(4): 366-73, 2002 Dec.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12587043

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to identify the factors predictive of response before the initiation of treatment and throughout the treatment period in patients with chronic hepatitis C relapse after treatment with interferon-a who were retreated with a standard regimen of interferon-a plus ribavirine and followed up for 40 months. Forty-four patients (40 with genotype 1, four without genotype 1) were included in the study. Four patients (genotype 1) were excluded because of adverse effects. The rate of maintained response was 55% (50% genotype 1, 100% non-genotype 1). The stage of histological damage (>2), glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (GPT) concentration (< or = 26 UI/l) and the association between the GPT concentration and the detection of the RNA-HCV in the first and third treatment months were the variables with an area under the ROC curve and a confidence interval >0.5. The probability of predicting a maintained response (negative predictive value) if the stage of histological lesion was <2 was 62.9%, while the positive predictive value was 100%. During the treatment, the disappearance of the RNA-HCV together with GPT values < or =26 in the first treatment month were the best predictive values. In this case, the negative predictive value was 78.3% and the positive predictive value was 76.5% (OR: 11.7, 2.6-52.2). Furthermore, the GPT value with the best predictive value (<26 UI/l) was a more effective predictor of the response to treatment than the normal value of the GPT. Finally, the GPT values >26 UI/l and the detection of RNA/HCV in the first or third treatment month were certain predictors of the absence of response but with low sensitivity (10-12%). It was concluded that is possible to predict the response to the combined treatment with an acceptable level of confidence, although not unequivocally. Ninety percent of the patients would be candidates for maintaining treatment for at least 6-12 months, while approximately 10% could undergo early interruption of treatment due to the absence of response.


Subject(s)
Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use , Hepatitis C, Chronic/drug therapy , Interferons/therapeutic use , ROC Curve , Ribavirin/therapeutic use , Adult , Drug Therapy, Combination , Female , Humans , Male , Predictive Value of Tests , Recurrence
5.
Rev Esp Enferm Dig ; 92(8): 495-507, 2000 Aug.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11084817

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: 1) to identify pretreatment variables predictive of nonresponse to interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) in patients with chronic hepatitis C, and 2) to establish a prognostic index in these groups using receiver operating characteristics curve analysis. METHODS: 132 patients were treated with IFN-alpha at a dose of 3 megaunits three times a week for 3-12 months. The response was compared in patients with a complete response vs nonresponders, and patients with a sustained response vs nonresponders plus relapsers. Factors predictive of response were identified by analyzing clinical, biochemical, virological and histological variables. RESULTS: The sustained response rate was 12.8% at 24 months of follow-up. The pretreatment characteristics with a predictive value (PV) according to area under the ROC curve and 95% confidence interval > 0.5 were age, known duration of infection, history of transfusion, GGT, serum ferritin levels, viral load, genotype, and grade and stage of the histological lesion. The positive PV (the probability of predicting absence of response when the variable is present) was notably greater than the negative PV (mean: 94.9% vs 24.8%, respectively). In addition, when 4 and 6 variables were present, the positive PV was 100% and sensitivity was 60.2% and 22.1%, respectively. The predictive variables independently associated with an absence of response were genotypes 1, 4 and 5, GGT > 24 IU/l and grade of the histological lesion > 6. CONCLUSIONS: It was possible to predict the absence of both primary and posttreatment response with an acceptable degree of reliability.


Subject(s)
Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use , Hepatitis C, Chronic/drug therapy , Interferons/therapeutic use , ROC Curve , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Predictive Value of Tests , Prognosis , Treatment Failure
6.
Rev. esp. enferm. dig ; 92(8): 495-507, ago. 2000.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-14158

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: 1) identificar variables pretratamiento predictivas de no respuesta en 132 pacientes con hepatitis crónica C tratados con IFN-a con una dosis de 3 MU/3 vs/ 3-12 meses, comparando pacientes no respondedores más recaedores frente a pacientes respondedores sostenidos, y 2) establecer en este grupo un índice pronóstico mediante análisis con las curvas ROC. RESULTADOS: la tasa de respuesta sostenida fue del 12, 8 por ciento a los 24 meses de seguimiento. La edad, la duración conocida de la infección, el antecedente de transfusión, la GPT, la GGT, los niveles de ferritina sérica, la carga viral, el genotipo, el grado y el estadio de la lesión histológica fueron las características pretratamiento con valor predictivo (VP, área bajo la curva ROC e intervalo de confianza al 95 por ciento > 0,5). El valor predictivo positivo (la probabilidad de predecir la ausencia de respuesta cuando la variable está presente) es sensiblemente mayor que el VP negativo (media: 94,9 por ciento vs 24,8 por ciento). Por otro lado, la probabilidad de predecir la ausencia de respuesta cuando cuatro y seis variables estaban presentes fue del 100 por ciento y la sensibilidad fue del 60,2 y 22,1 por ciento, respectivamente. El genotipo 1, 4 y 5, los valores de GGT mayor a 24 Ul/l y el grado de lesión histológica mayor a seis fueron las variables con asociación pronóstica independiente con la ausencia de respuesta. CONCLUSIONES: es posible predecir con un grado de fiabilidad aceptable la ausencia de respuesta, tanto primaria como postratamiento (AU)


Subject(s)
Adult , Male , Female , Humans , ROC Curve , Treatment Failure , Hepatitis C, Chronic , Prognosis , Antiviral Agents , Interferons , Predictive Value of Tests
7.
Rev Esp Quimioter ; 13(1): 51-9, 2000 Mar.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10855025

ABSTRACT

The objectives of this study included: 1) to identify pretreatment variables predictive of absence of response in 107 patients with chronic hepatitis C, genotype 1, treated with interferon-a (IFN-a) at a dose of 3 MU three times weekly for 3-12 months and classified into two groups: group A, nonresponders vs. patients with a complete response, and group B, nonresponding and relapsing patients vs. patients with a sustained response; and 2) to establish a prognostic index using ROC curve analysis. The rate of sustained response was 6. 5% at the 24-month follow-up. The pretreatment characteristics with predictive value using ROC curves were as follows: in group A, age, GGT, serum ferritin, viral load, and grade and stage of the histological lesion; and in group B, known duration of infection, GPT, GGT, serum ferritin, viral load, and grade and stage of the histological lesion. In both group A and group B the positive predictive value (the probability of predicting an absence of response when the variable is present) was greater than the negative predictive value (mean: 84.3% vs. 41.1%, 99% vs. 16.5%, respectively). In group A, based on the prognostic index, the positive predictive value when three variables were present was 96% and the sensitivity was 63.5%, with the test being unequivocal in 6.5%, whereas when four or five variables were present, the positive predictive value was 97% and 100% and the sensitivity was 40.5% and 18%, respectively. In group B, the positive predictive value when two variables were present was 100% and the sensitivity was 87%, whereas when three, four, five and six variables were present the sensitivity was between 73% and 28%. In group A, age, GGT and ferritin were the predictive variables independently associated with an absence of response, with a relative risk of 6.5, 4.8 and 3.1, respectively, whereas in group B we did not find variables independently associated with an absence of response. It was concluded that in patients with genotype 1, it is possible to predict the absence of response to IFN therapy with a high degree of reliability.


Subject(s)
Hepatitis C, Chronic/drug therapy , Interferon-alpha/therapeutic use , ROC Curve , Adolescent , Adult , Female , Genotype , Hepatitis C, Chronic/genetics , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Predictive Value of Tests , Prognosis , Treatment Failure
8.
Rev. esp. quimioter ; 13(1): 51-59, mar. 2000.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-12829

ABSTRACT

Los objetivos del estudio fueron: 1) identificar variables pretratamiento predictivas de no respuesta en 107 pacientes con hepatitis crónica C con genotipo 1 tratados con IFN-a con una dosis de 3 MU tres veces por semana durante 3-12 meses distribuidos en dos grupos: grupo A, no respondedores frente a pacientes con respuesta completa, y grupo B, no respondedores más recaedores frente a los pacientes con respuesta sostenida; y 2) establecer un índice pronóstico mediante análisis de las curvas ROC. La tasa de respuesta sostenida fue del 6,5 por ciento a los 24 meses de seguimiento. En el grupo A, la edad, la GGT, la ferritina sérica, la carga viral, el grado y el estadio de la lesión histológica, y en el grupo B la duración conocida de la infección, la GPT, la GGT, la ferritina sérica, la carga viral, el grado y el estadio de la lesión histológica, fueron las características pretratamiento con valor predictivo según las curvas ROC. El valor predictivo positivo (probabilidad de predecir la ausencia de respuesta cuando la variable está presente) fue mayor que el valor predictivo negativo (media 84,3 por ciento vs. 41,1 por ciento, 99 por ciento vs. 16,5 por ciento, respectivamente) en ambos grupos. En el grupo A, según el índice pronóstico, el valor predictivo positivo cuando estaban presentes tres variables fue del 96 por ciento y la sensibilidad del 63,5 por ciento, siendo la prueba inequívoca en un 6,5 por ciento, mientras que cuando estaban presentes cuatro o cinco variables el valor predictivo positivo fue del 97 por ciento y el 100 por ciento, y la sensibilidad del 40,5 por ciento y 18 por ciento. En el grupo B, el valor predictivo positivo cuando estaban presentes dos variables fue del 100 por ciento y la sensibilidad del 87 por ciento, mientras que cuando estaban presentes tres, cuatro, cinco o seis variables la sensibilidad fue del 73 por ciento al 28 por ciento. En el grupo A, la edad, la GGT y la ferritina fueron las variables con asociación pronóstica independiente con la ausencia de respuesta, con un riesgo relativo de 6,5, 4,8 y 3,1, respectivamente, mientras que en el grupo B no encontramos variables asociadas independientemente con la ausencia de respuesta. Se concluye que en los pacientes con genotipo 1 es posible predecir, con una elevada fiabilidad, la ausencia de respuesta al tratamiento con IFN (AU)


Subject(s)
Middle Aged , Adult , Adolescent , Male , Female , Humans , ROC Curve , Interferon-alpha , Hepatitis C, Chronic , Treatment Failure , Prognosis , Genotype , Predictive Value of Tests
9.
Rev Esp Quimioter ; 12(3): 220-8, 1999 Sep.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10878512

ABSTRACT

The objectives of this study were the following: 1) to evaluate the predictive value of the detection of RNA-HVC compared to GPT in the third month of treatment in patients with chronic hepatitis C treated with IFN, and at the first and third month in patients treated with IFN and ribavirin for 6 and 12 months. The study included: A) 80/132 patients treated with IFN (3 MU/3 times a week for 6-12 months), and B) 70/110 patients who had previously not responded to IFN, and who were treated with combination therapy (IFN: standard dose, ribavirin: 1200 mg/day) for 6 months (n = 40) and 12 months (n = 30). In group A, the positive predictive value (the probability of predicting the lack of response if the RNA-HVC was positive or if the GPT was elevated at the third month) was greater for RNA-HVC than for GPT (97.9% vs. 94.4%), although the response was not unequivocal (2.3% vs. 10.5%). The negative predictive value was 48.6% vs. 36.2%, respectively. The prediction level (odds ratio) of RNA-HVC and of GPT was 39.7 vs. 8.78 (p <0.000001 vs. p <0.002). The positive predictive value was 97.6% in patients with genotype 1, 4 and 5, and 100% in those with genotype 2 and 3. In group B, the positive predictive value was also greater for RNA-HVC than for GPT at the first month (100% vs. 94.4%) following six months of therapy, the odds ratio being infinite vs. 7.6. The positive predictive value was greater for RNA-HVC at the third month than at the first (100% vs. 91%), whereas it was similar for GPT (100%) with 12 months of therapy, the odds ratio being greater for GPT than for RNA-HVC at the first month (infinite and 7.27). The following was concluded: 1) detection of RNA-HVC at the third month of treatment with IFN predicts in advance a lack of response in patients, with a minimum risk of error; 2) in patients with six months of combined therapy, the detection of RNA-HVC at the first month is extremely reliable in the prediction of a lack of response, whereas after 12 months of combined therapy, elevated GPT values at the first month and the detection of RNA-HVC at the third are highly predictive of a lack of response.


Subject(s)
Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use , Hepatitis C, Chronic/drug therapy , Interferon-alpha/therapeutic use , Ribavirin/therapeutic use , Adolescent , Adult , Female , Hepacivirus/genetics , Hepatitis C, Chronic/blood , Hepatitis C, Chronic/virology , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Predictive Value of Tests , RNA, Viral/analysis , Time Factors , Treatment Failure
10.
Rev Esp Enferm Dig ; 83(2): 87-91, 1993 Feb.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8471360

ABSTRACT

The prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux after successful pneumatic dilatation was investigated in 30 patients with primary esophageal motor disorder. After a median follow-up period of 377 days, three patients presented symptoms of acid reflux and five patients had endoscopic esophagitis (grade I, 3 patients; grade II, one patient; and grade III, one patient). Ambulatory 24 hr. esophageal pH monitoring was positive in 20% and 30% of the patients compared to our normal values and to those from other series from the literature, respectively. The concordance between pH results and symptoms and/or endoscopic esophagitis was very low. It is concluded that 24 hr. esophageal pH monitoring is frequently abnormal after pneumatic dilatation, but its clinical significance is low, because very few patients have symptoms and/or severe esophagitis.


Subject(s)
Catheterization/adverse effects , Esophageal Motility Disorders/therapy , Gastroesophageal Reflux/epidemiology , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Child , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Gastroesophageal Reflux/etiology , Gastroesophageal Reflux/physiopathology , Humans , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Male , Middle Aged , Prevalence
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