ABSTRACT
Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP) is a rare form of chronic pyelonephritis characterized by granulomatous tissue replacing renal parenchyma, primarily in adults. It's often linked to chronic obstruction, urolithiasis, and pyelonephritis, with rare associations with psoas abscess or fistula. A 15-year-old girl, initially treated conservatively for suspected pyelonephritis, underwent CT imaging due to non-response. This revealed XGP with a sizable psoas abscess caused by a kidney-psoas muscle fistula and renal calculus migration. Treatment involved percutaneous abscess drainage, open right nephrectomy, and a prolonged antibiotic regimen.
ABSTRACT
Biochemical recurrence following prostate cancer treatment is well-known, with predictable sites typically observed in the prostate bed, lymph nodes, or skeleton. The emergence of PSMA-PET scans has revealed the potential for early recurrence in non-conventional sites, including port site metastases. Our report presents a rare case of abdominal wall metastasis detected 97 months post-prostatectomy. The excision of this subcutaneous lesion using image-guided hookwire techniques showed promise in minimising morbidity while providing successful oncologic outcomes. Further investigation is needed to establish the efficacy of PSMA-PET-guided interventions on long-term patient outcomes in treating prostate cancer port site metastases.
ABSTRACT
α1-adrenoceptor antagonists can impact upon sexual function and have potential in the treatment of erectile dysfunction. Human erectile tissue contains predominantly α1A-adrenoceptors, and here we examined whether contractions of this tissue are mediated by the functional phenotype, the α1L-adrenoceptor. Functional experiments using subtype selective agonists and antagonists, along with radioligand ([3H]tamsulosin) binding assays, were used to determine the α1-adrenoceptor population. A61603, a α1A-adrenoceptor agonist, was a full agonist with a potency 21-fold greater than that of noradrenaline. The α1A- and α1D-adrenoceptor antagonist tamsulosin antagonized noradrenaline responses with high affinity (pKD = 9.7 ± 0.3), whilst BMY7378 (100 nM) (α1D-adrenoceptor antagonist) failed to antagonize responses. In contrast, relatively low affinity estimates were obtained for both prazosin (pKD = 8.2 ± 0.1) and RS17053 (pKD = 6.9 ± 0.2), antagonists which discriminate between the α1A- and α1L-adrenoceptors. [3H]Tamsulosin bound with high affinity to the receptors of human erectile tissue (pKD = 10.3 ± 0.1) with a receptor density of 28.1 ± 1.4 fmol mg-1 protein. Prazosin displacement of [3H]tamsulosin binding revealed a single homogenous population of binding sites with a relatively low affinity for prazosin (pKi = 8.9). Taken together these data confirm that the receptor mediating contraction in human erectile tissue has the pharmacological properties of the α1L-adrenoceptor.
