Integrating, summarizing and visualizing GWAS-hits and human diversity with DANCE (Disease-ANCEstry networks).

MOTIVATION: The 1000 Genomes Project (1KGP) and thousands of Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) performed during the last years have generated an enormous amount of information that needs to be integrated to better understand the genetic architecture of complex diseases in different populations. This integration is important in areas such as genetics, epidemiology, anthropology, as well as admixture mapping design and GWAS-replications. Network-based approaches that explore the genetic bases of human diseases and traits have not yet incorporated information on genetic diversity among human populations. RESULTS: We propose Disease-ANCEstry networks (DANCE), a graph-based web tool that allows to integrate and visualize information on human complex phenotypes and their GWAS-hits, as well as their risk allele frequencies in different populations. DANCE provides an interactive way to explore the human SNP-Disease Network and its projection, a Disease-Disease Network. With these functionalities, DANCE fills a gap in our ability to handle and understand the knowledge generated by GWAS and 1KGP. We provide a number of case studies that show how DANCE can be used to explore the relationships between human complex diseases, their genetic bases and variability in different human populations. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION: DANCE is freely available at http://ldgh.com.br/dance/ We recommend using DANCE with Mozilla Firefox, Safari, Chrome or Internet Explorer (v9 or v10). CONTACT: gilderlanio@gmail.com or maira.r.rodrigues@gmail.com SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.

O lúdico no processo pedagógico da educação infantil: importante, porém ausente / The playful in the pedagogic process of infantile education: important but absent / El lúdico en el process pedagógico de la educación infantil: importante pero ausente

Este estudo observou e analisou a presença do lúdico no fazer educacional das professoras das escolas infantis das redes pública e particular da cidade de São José do Rio Preto. Por meio de pesquisas bibliográfica e empírica, foram abordadas escolas distribuídas nos quatro setores da cidade, nas quais se realizou, primeiramente, uma observação sistematizada e posteriormente a aplicação de um questionário junto às professoras. O principal objetivo foi verificar se no cotidiano escolar das unidades de ensino infantil envolvidas na pesquisa havia ou não situações de utilização de atividades lúdicas, planejamento das atividades ou seu uso aleatório, assim como a compreensão das professoras acerca do brincar na educação infantil. Os dados coletados foram tratados de modo comparativo entre os dois modelos de escolas compreendidas nos setores público e privado, o que possibilitou traçar um percurso do lúdico na educação infantil e no fazer pedagógico das professoras que, na época, atuavam nos distintos segmentos com a respectiva faixa etária

This study observed and analyzed the presence of playful teaching practice on the educational action of teachers in the kindergarten school both from the public and private sectors in the city of São José do Rio Preto. By means of a bibliographical and empirical research, schools from four different parts of the city were evaluated and systematically observed. Later, a questionnaire was applied to the teachers. The main objective was to verify whether or not there were situations in which playful activities would be part of the teacher's daily agenda, either as a planned activity or even used randomly, as well as the understanding of the teachers concerning this matter in the infantile education

Este estudio analisó la presencia del juguete en el hacer pedagógico de las maestras en guarderías de la red pública de la ciudad de São José do Rio Preto. Por medio de encuestas bibliográficas y empíricas, fueran abordadas escuelas distribuidas en los cuatro sectores de la ciudad en los cuales se realizó una observación sistematizada, y después la aplicación de una encuesta con los maestros. El objectivo primero fue verificar si en el cotidiano de las escuelas tenía o no situaciones de utilización de actividades lúdicas, planeamento de las actividades o empleo obligatorio, como también la comprensión de las mismas acerca de los juguetes infantiles