The association of resveratrol and AFPI did not enhance the cryoresistance of ram sperm.

Cryoprotectants are required to reduce damage caused to the cells due to low temperatures during the cryopreservation. Antifreeze proteins (AFP) have a well-known role in cell membrane protection, while resveratrol is a potent antioxidant. This study assessed the effect of the association of resveratrol concentrations and AFP I in a ram semen extender. Pooled semen of four rams was allocated into six treatments in a factorial arrangement: (CONT, only the semen extender); only AFP I (ANT: 0.1 µg/mL of AFP I), only resveratrol, one treatment with two levels (10 µM/mL or 50 µM/mL of resveratrol); and two treatments with the interactions, with one AFP I and one of the two levels of resveratrol (0.1 µg/mL of AFP I with 10 µM/mL resveratrol; 0.1 µg/mL of AFP I with 50 µM/mL resveratrol). No interaction between factors was observed on sperm kinetics, plasma membrane integrity, hypo-osmotic test, and mitochondrial activity parameters. There was a high probability (P = 0.06) of reducing sperm cells with functional membrane percentage in the hypo-osmotic test and increasing the percentage of sperm with high mitochondrial activity (P = 0.07) was observed in AFP presence. An interaction of AFP and resveratrol was observed in non-capacitated sperm (P = 0.009), acrosomal reaction (P = 0.034), and sperm binding (P = 0.04). In conclusion, the association of resveratrol and AFP did not improve the quality of frozen-thawed semen and even promoted deleterious effects compared to their single addition in the semen extender. The supplementation of 50 µM/mL of resveratrol improved the outcomes of frozen-thawed ram sperm, being a potential cryoprotectant.

Effects of SARPE and MISMARPE on correction of transverse maxillary deficiency: A preliminary comparative evaluation.

AIM: The present study was designed to compare, on cone-beam computed tomography imaging, the skeletal and dental effects of the SARPE (Surgically assisted rapid palatal expansion) and MISMARPE (Minimally Invasive Surgical and Miniscrew-Assisted Rapid Palatal Expansion) techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The sample of adult patients with transverse maxillary deficiency (TMD) was divided into two groups, and scans were obtained preoperatively (T0) and immediately after completion of expansion (T1). The posterior and anterior linear transverse distances of the maxilla and the angulation of the maxillary first molars were evaluated. The data were entered into a generalized estimating equations model to verify the postoperative effects of the different techniques. RESULTS: None of the techniques caused any appreciable change in the angulation of the molars. The skeletal changes were similar, with significantly greater gains in the nasal fossa and intermaxillary distance when using the MISMARPE. CONCLUSION: The technique can be an effective and lower morbidity alternative to SARPE.

Velocity walking test: Selective influences on physical functional performance for better tracking of older women.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the selective influences of changes in walking test capability on physical functional performance (COD speed, COD deficit, linear sprint speed, chair stand test, handgrip strength, and unloaded vertical jump) in community dwelling older women. METHODS: The performances of eighty women ((age, 64.7 ± 3.38 y; body mass, 66.3 ± 11.15 kg; height, 153.5 ± 5.71 cm, BMI, 28.08 ± 4.00 kg/m2) were assessed in the 6-m walk test, timed up and go test, chair stand test, handgrip strength, and unloaded vertical jump. The change of direction velocity (CODv) deficit (m.s-1) was calculated as TUG velocity - 6-m walk velocity. Estimation statistics were adopted, which focus on the effect size of the higher/lower, as opposed to significance testing. The bootstrap with 5000 replicates was used to obtain bias-corrected and accelerated 95% compatibility intervals (CI) of the point estimate of each effect RESULTS: There were large effects between faster older women compared to slower older women in COD velocity (TUG), chair stand test, and CODv deficit. On the other hand, we observed no influence of 6-m walk test performance on vertical jumps or the handgrip strength test. CONCLUSION: Strength and conditioning coaches and professionals involved with older women should consider the COD deficit (i.e., linear velocity minus change of direction velocity), as a complementary measure to provide an initial idea of the adequate pathway for exercise prescription and to track responses in older women.

Endocrine-metabolic adaptations in Dorper ewes: comparison between single and twin pregnancies during gestation, parturition, and postpartum.

The experiment was conducted at Araí & Zumbi farm on sixty healthy Dorper ewes to compare blood glucose, hormonal profile, and insulin resistance evaluation in sheep from conception until 48 h postpartum in single and twin pregnancies. All experimental ewes raised under semi-intensive management system. Sixty animals were selected from 150 estrous synchronized and pregnant ewes. The animals were divided into two groups based on single (G1, n = 30) and twin pregnancies (G2, n = 30). Blood samples were collected at nine time points: immediately after fixed-time artificial insemination (D0); at 30 days (D30), 90 days (D90), 120 days (D120), 130 days (D130), and 140 days (D140) of pregnancy; on the delivery day (DD); and at 24 h (PD1) and 48 h (PD2) postpartum. The results of blood glucose, insulin, glucagon, cortisol, and thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) levels showed significant differences over the analyzed sample times; however, only cortisol showed differences within groups, with the G1 having higher values than the G2 group. The interaction of the groups × nine sample times showed a significant result (P = 0.001) only for glucagon. The number of fetuses directly interfered with the glucagon profile throughout gestation. The glucose, cortisol, glucagon, and the homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA IR) concentrations increased at DD and decreased at PD1 and PD2. T3 and T4 showed different behaviors among the sample times. T3 values presented a decrease from D0 to D90, followed by an increase from D90 to DD. Otherwise, for T4 values, a decrease from D90 to D130 was observed, followed by an increase from D130 to D140. Despite the changes found in the endocrine system and metabolism in Dorper ewes throughout pregnancy, the nutritional management ensured a healthy status during pregnancy, delivery, and postpartum in single and twin gestation, whose HOMA IR profiles remained identical.

Incidence, triggering factors, symptoms, and treatment of anaphylaxis in a pediatric hospital.

Objective: Assess the incidence of anaphylaxis in the emergency room (ER) of a private pediatric hospital in the city of São Paulo, Brazil, and describe associated factors. Method: This was a cross-sectional, retrospective, and observational study based on the medical records of patients from 0 to 18 years old seen at the emergency unit during the years of 2016-2019, who had a diagnosis potentially related to anaphylaxis according to ICD-10. All medical records were individually reviewed for the presence of compatible signs and symptoms that identified "possible" cases of anaphylaxis. Cases were considered probable anaphylaxis when medical history was compatible and indicative of anaphylaxis in the opinion of at least 2 allergists. Results: The incidence of anaphylaxis was 0.013%. Among the 56 patients identified (mean age 4.2 years), food was the most predominant suspected factor (53%), followed by unknown factors (32%), and drugs (12.5%). All patients presented with cutaneous symptoms, 74% with respiratory, and 53% with gastrointestinal. Allergic disease as a comorbidity was found in 39% of the children and 11% had a history of previous anaphylaxis. There were neither cases of syncope or shock, nor deaths. Intramuscular (IM) adrenaline was prescribed in 37.5% of cases. Conclusions: The incidence of anaphylaxis was low when compared to the worldwide incidence. The severity of most cases was mild, cutaneous symptoms were predominant, and food was the suspected trigger most frequently associated with reactions.

Equações de força muscular respiratória de crianças e adolescentes / Respiratory muscle strength equations in children and adolescents / Ecuaciones de la fuerza de los músculos respiratorios en niños y adolescentes

Objetivo: Revisar as equações de predição para a força muscular respiratória em crianças e adolescentes e identificar as variáveis independentes com maior poder preditivo para força muscular respiratória. Métodos: Foi realizada revisão sistemática nas bases de dados: PEDro, MedLine/ PubMed, Cochrane Library, LILACS/ BVS Library, SciELO e Google Acadêmico. Foram incluídos artigos com crianças e adolescentes, publicados entre 2009 a 2019, nos idiomas português, inglês e espanhol, cujo método de avaliação utilizou-se da manovacuometria e equações preditivas foram propostas. Foram excluídos estudos que não estavam disponíveis na íntegra, duplicados ou com baixa qualidade metodológica (Escala PEDro <5,0 pontos). Resultados: Foram selecionados quatro artigos, que abordaram a avaliação da força muscular respiratória, sua comparação entre os sexos e a determinação de equações preditivas. Conclusão: As equações estabelecidas por Lanza et al. e Verma et al. são possíveis alternativas para a determinação da força muscular respiratória em crianças e adolescentes; e as variáveis, idade e sexo foram as que melhor explicaram os valores de força muscular respiratória. (AU)

Objective: To review the prediction equations for respiratory muscle strength in children and adolescents and identify the independent variables with greater predictive power for respiratory muscle strength. Methods: This is a systematic review that was carried out using the databases: PEDro, MedLine / PubMed, Cochrane Library, LILACS / BVS Library, SciELO and Google Scholar. There were included articles with children and adolescents, published between 2009 and 2019, in Portuguese, English and Spanish, whose assessment method used manovacuometry and predictive equations were proposed. Studies that were not available in full, duplicated or with low methodological quality (PEDro scale <5.0 points) were excluded. Results: Four articles were selected, which addressed the evaluation of the respiratory muscle strength, its comparison between the sexes and the determination of predictive equations. Conclusion: The equations established by Lanza et al. and Verma et al. are possible alternatives for determining respiratory muscle strength in children and adolescents; the variables, age and sex were the ones that best explained the respiratory muscle strength values. (AU)

Objetivo: Revisar las ecuaciones de predicción para la fuerza muscular respiratoria en niños y adolescentes e identificar lãs variables independientes con mayor poder predictivo para La fuerza muscular respiratoria. Métodos: Esta es una revisión sistemática que se realizó en las bases de datos: PEDro, MedLine / PubMed, Cochrane Library, LILACS / BVS Library, SciELO y Google Scholar. Se incluyeron artículos con niños y adolescentes, publicados entre 2009 y 2019, en portugués, inglés y español, cuyo método de evaluación utilizó manovacuometría y se propusieron ecuaciones predictivas. Se excluyeron los estudios que no estaban disponibles en su totalidad, duplicados o con baja calidad metodológica (escala PEDro <5.0 puntos). Resultados: Se seleccionaron cuatro artículos, que abordaron La evaluación de La fuerza muscular respiratoria, su comparación entre géneros y la determinación de ecuaciones predictivas. Conclusión: Las ecuaciones establecidas por Lanza et al. y Verma et al. son posibles alternativas para determinar La fuerza muscular respiratória em niños y adolescentes, brasileños y otras nacionalidades, respectivamente; las variables, edad y sexo fueronlas que mejor explicaron los valores de fuerza muscular respiratoria. (AU)

Effects of dietary polyphenols in the glycemic, renal, inflammatory, and oxidative stress biomarkers in diabetic nephropathy: a systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

CONTEXT: Polyphenols have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-glycation properties. OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects of dietary polyphenols, from food sources or supplements, on the anthropometric, glycemic, renal, inflammatory, and oxidative stress markers in adults with diabetic nephropathy (DN). DATA SOURCES: Systematic searches for randomized clinical trials were performed in MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL, Web of Science, LILACS, SciELO, opengrey.eu, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases until December 2021. DATA EXTRACTION: Studies with adults with DN were included. Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted. Risk of bias of the studies and Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation assessment were carried out. DATA ANALYSIS: The searches resulted in 5614 unique occurrences, and 34 full-text articles were retrieved. Of these, 17 studies were included in the qualitative synthesis. Most of the studies used soy protein or milk (n = 5; 0.5-1 g/kg of body weight/d of soy protein, or introduction of 240 mL/d of soy milk) or turmeric/curcumin (n = 5; dose range, 80 to 1500 mg/d) as the intervention. The following outcomes were analyzed: body mass index, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), proteinuria, creatinine clearance, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), urinary albumin to creatinine ratio, and levels of fasting blood glucose, insulin, serum urea and creatinine, C-reactive protein, serum tumor necrosis factor-α, and serum malondialdehyde (MDA). The polyphenol intervention significantly decreased HbA1c (n = 7 studies; -0.27% [95%CI, -0.51%, -0.04%]), proteinuria (n = 5 studies; -109.10 [95%CI, -216.57, -1.63] mg/24 h), and MDA (n = 5 studies; z-score: -0.41; 95%CI, -0.71, -0.10), and significantly increased GFR (n = 7 studies; 3.65 [95%CI, 0.15-7.15] mL/min/1.73 m2). Overall, studies showed a high risk of bias, and outcomes showed a low or very-low quality in the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation assessment. CONCLUSIONS: There is a clinically modest effect of dietary polyphenols intervention in HbA1c, proteinuria, GFR, MDA, and C-reactive protein levels in patients with DN. It is impossible to establish clinical recommendations, because the evidence was of' low or very-low quality and because of the heterogeneity of types and dose regimens used in the studies. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO registration no. ID245406.

Parasitic infections, hematological and biochemical parameters suggest appropriate health status of wild coati populations in anthropic Atlantic Forest remnants.

Coatis are hosts of a great diversity of parasites, that due to anthropic pressures in forest fragments, like changes in landscapes and ecosystems, can influence the dynamics and physiological responses to those parasite infections, affecting the animal's health and fitness. This is the first study about health parameters and parasitic infections of wild coati (Nasua nasua) populations in the Atlantic Forest (Pernambuco Center of Endemism). The following hypotheses were evaluated: (i) infections and co-infections by gastrointestinal parasites and ectoparasites can generate changes in the health parameters of coatis such as the body condition score (BCS), packed cell volume (PCV), leukogram, and serum protein profile; (ii) biological aspects (sex and age) or fragment they inhabit, can influence changes in the health parameters (BCS, PCV, leukogram and serum protein profile). Were studied 55 free-living coatis in three anthropized forest remnants in the Metropolitan Region of Recife. After chemical containment, the animals were submitted to physical examination and collection of biological samples (blood, feces, and ectoparasites). On the physical examination, 23.6% of coatis had a low BCS and 5.4% were overweighted. Amblyomma spp. ticks were found in 83.6% of the animals of all studied remnants, A. sculptumAmblyomma sculptum in 12.7% and A. ovale in 1.8%. Regarding gastrointestinal parasites, Ancylostoma sp. was the most prevalent (80.4%) and most animals (66.7%) had co-infection with Ancylostoma sp. and Capillaria sp., Strongyloides sp., Acanthocephala, Cestoda, and Coccidia. The 76.5% of the coatis presented co-infections with Ancylostoma spp. + Amblyomma spp. Principal coordinates analyses (PCoA) scores of health parameters were used as dependent variables and fragment, sex, age, Ancylostoma sp. infection, gastrointestinal parasites co-infection, Amblyomma spp. infestation and co-infection of Ancylostoma sp. + Amblyomma spp. as a predictor variable in the linear models. Parasites did not influence the PCV of the individuals, but a decrease was evident in adult animals. Variations in protein profile, neutrophils, and lymphocytes, without leaving the normal range for the species, but WBC were predicted by age group, and infections by Ancylostoma or Amblyomma spp., but not their co-infections. The free-living coati populations of the anthropized remnants in the Atlantic Forest of northeastern Brazil proved to be healthy and seem to be adapted to face the challenges of anthropization and parasitic infections.

Correlation between the range of rotation of the hip and the radiographic signs of cam and pincer morphology in femoroacetabular impingement syndrome.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether hip rotation correlates with the radiographic signs of cam or pincer deformity after hip arthroscopy in patients with femoroacetabular impingement syndrome. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a single-center retrospective study of data collected between 2014 and 2017. The study sample included 65 patients between 18 and 55 years of age who underwent hip arthroscopy for the treatment of unilateral femoroacetabular impingement. The following data were collected for the periods prior to and six months after surgery range of medial and lateral rotation of the hip; measures on anteroposterior X-rays of the pelvis obtained in the standing position and on ateral X-rays in the Ducroquet profile view; and score on the 33-item International Hip Outcome Tool. RESULTS: Mean preoperative and postoperative values were as follows: 19.26 ± 10.39° and 30.95 ± 3.52°, respectively, for medial rotation of the hip (p < 0.001); 73.85 ± 6.62° and 68.12 ± 5.04°, respectively, for the anteroposterior alpha angle (p < 0.001); 56.97 ± 6.09° and 50.61 ± 5.39°, respectively, for the lateral alpha angle (p < 0.001); and 0.17 ± 0.11 and 0.07 ± 0.08, respectively, for the acetabular retroversion index (p < 0.001). The crossover sign was identified in 75.4% of the patients before surgery and in 44.6% after (p < 0.001). Although there was an increase in the range of hip rotation and an improvement in radiographic parameters after arthroscopy, we detected no direct correlation between the two. CONCLUSION: Hip arthroscopy can improve medial rotation of the hip, as well as reducing cam and pincer deformities, in patients with femoroacetabular impingement syndrome. However, those findings do not appear to be directly correlated.

OBJETIVO: Correlacionar rotação medial do quadril com sinais radiográficos came e pincer de pacientes com síndrome do impacto femoroacetabular submetidos a artroscopia. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Estudo retrospectivo com prontuários consecutivos de 2014 a 2017 em único centro. O estudo incluiu 65 pacientes com impacto femoroacetabular unilateral, de ambos os sexos e idade entre 18 e 55 anos, com indicação de artroscopia do quadril. Os dados colhidos no pré-operatório e pós-operatório de seis meses foram: amplitude de rotação medial e rotação lateral do quadril, mensurações de radiografia anteroposterior da pelve em ortostatismo e perfil de Ducroquet, escala visual analógica de dor e questionário de qualidade de vida International Hip Outcome Tool 33. RESULTADOS: A amplitude pré-operatória de rotação medial do quadril foi, em média, 19,26 ± 10,39°, e pós-operatória, 30,95 ± 3,52° (p < 0,001). Para ângulo alfa anteroposterior, o valor médio pré-operatório foi 73,85 ± 6,62°, e após cirurgia, 68,12 ± 5 , 0 4 ° ( p < 0,001). Já o ângulo alfa perfil pré - operatório e pós- operatório foi, respectivamente, 56,97 ± 6,09° e 50,61 ± 5,39° (p < 0,001). O sinal do cruzamento foi presente em 75,40% (pré-cirurgia) e após cirurgia em 44,60% (p < 0,001). O índice de retroversão acetabular pré-operatório, em média, foi 0,17 ± 0,11, e pós-operatório, 0,07 ± 0,08 (p < 0,001). Embora tenham sido observados aumento na amplitude de rotação do quadril e melhora dos parâmetros radiográficos após artroscopia, não houve correlação direta entre as variáveis. CONCLUSÃO: A artroscopia do quadril pode promover normalização da amplitude de rotação medial do quadril e redução dos sinais radiográficos came e pincer nos pacientes com síndrome do impacto femoroacetabular, porém, estes achados não possuem correlação direta.

Correlation between the range of rotation of the hip and the radiographic signs of cam and pincer morphology in femoroacetabular impingement syndrome / Correlação entre amplitude de rotação do quadril e sinais radiográficos came e pincer na síndrome do impacto femoroacetabular

Abstract Objective: To determine whether hip rotation correlates with the radiographic signs of cam or pincer deformity after hip arthroscopy in patients with femoroacetabular impingement syndrome. Materials and Methods: This was a single-center retrospective study of data collected between 2014 and 2017. The study sample included 65 patients between 18 and 55 years of age who underwent hip arthroscopy for the treatment of unilateral femoroacetabular impingement. The following data were collected for the periods prior to and six months after surgery range of medial and lateral rotation of the hip; measures on anteroposterior X-rays of the pelvis obtained in the standing position and on ateral X-rays in the Ducroquet profile view; and score on the 33-item International Hip Outcome Tool. Results: Mean preoperative and postoperative values were as follows: 19.26 ± 10.39° and 30.95 ± 3.52°, respectively, for medial rotation of the hip (p < 0.001); 73.85 ± 6.62° and 68.12 ± 5.04°, respectively, for the anteroposterior alpha angle (p < 0.001); 56.97 ± 6.09° and 50.61 ± 5.39°, respectively, for the lateral alpha angle (p < 0.001); and 0.17 ± 0.11 and 0.07 ± 0.08, respectively, for the acetabular retroversion index (p < 0.001). The crossover sign was identified in 75.4% of the patients before surgery and in 44.6% after (p < 0.001). Although there was an increase in the range of hip rotation and an improvement in radiographic parameters after arthroscopy, we detected no direct correlation between the two. Conclusion: Hip arthroscopy can improve medial rotation of the hip, as well as reducing cam and pincer deformities, in patients with femoroacetabular impingement syndrome. However, those findings do not appear to be directly correlated.

RESUMO Objetivo: Correlacionar rotação medial do quadril com sinais radiográficos came e pincer de pacientes com síndrome do impacto femoroacetabular submetidos a artroscopia. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo com prontuários consecutivos de 2014 a 2017 em único centro. O estudo incluiu 65 pacientes com impacto femoroacetabular unilateral, de ambos os sexos e idade entre 18 e 55 anos, com indicação de artroscopia do quadril. Os dados colhidos no pré-operatório e pós-operatório de seis meses foram: amplitude de rotação medial e rotação lateral do quadril, mensurações de radiografia anteroposterior da pelve em ortostatismo e perfil de Ducroquet, escala visual analógica de dor e questionário de qualidade de vida International Hip Outcome Tool 33. Resultados: A amplitude pré-operatória de rotação medial do quadril foi, em média, 19,26 ± 10,39°, e pós-operatória, 30,95 ± 3,52° (p < 0,001). Para ângulo alfa anteroposterior, o valor médio pré-operatório foi 73,85 ± 6,62°, e após cirurgia, 68,12 ± 5 , 0 4 ° ( p < 0,001). Já o ângulo alfa perfil pré - operatório e pós- operatório foi, respectivamente, 56,97 ± 6,09° e 50,61 ± 5,39° (p < 0,001). O sinal do cruzamento foi presente em 75,40% (pré-cirurgia) e após cirurgia em 44,60% (p < 0,001). O índice de retroversão acetabular pré-operatório, em média, foi 0,17 ± 0,11, e pós-operatório, 0,07 ± 0,08 (p < 0,001). Embora tenham sido observados aumento na amplitude de rotação do quadril e melhora dos parâmetros radiográficos após artroscopia, não houve correlação direta entre as variáveis. Conclusão: A artroscopia do quadril pode promover normalização da amplitude de rotação medial do quadril e redução dos sinais radiográficos came e pincer nos pacientes com síndrome do impacto femoroacetabular, porém, estes achados não possuem correlação direta.

Comparison of hematological parameters between single and twin pregnancies in Dorper ewes during gestation, lambing, and postpartum / Comparação dos parâmetros hematológicos entre ovelhas Dorper de gestação simples e gemelar durante a prenhez, parto e pós-parto

ABSTRACT: The hematopoietic system changes during the pregnancy to carry fetal development and maternal needs. This study compared the hematological parameters between ewes with single and twin pregnancies during gestation, delivery, and postpartum. The experiment was conducted on 60 healthy pregnant Dorper ewes that were divided into two experimental groups: Group 1 (G1), with single pregnancies (n=30), and Group 2 (G2), with twin pregnancies (n=30). Blood samples were collected from all ewes at different times: immediately before fixed-time artificial insemination (AI); on day 30, 90, 120, 130, and 140 of pregnancy; immediately after delivery; and at 24h and 48h postpartum. Statistical analysis compared the two groups at different times (P<0.05). Mild, normocytic, and hypochromic anemia was detected in all ewes from AI time and throughout pregnancy from both groups, but did not prove to be of clinical relevance. In the peripartum stage (from the 140th day of pregnancy to 48h postpartum), the ewes with twin pregnancies (G2) exhibited higher erythrogram values and neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio than did ewes with single pregnancies (G1). This indicated a greater hematopoietic adaptation in the body during the development of two fetuses. Except for the eosinophil numbers, all leukogram parameters were influenced by pregnancy in a similar way in both groups, and was characterized mainly by leukocytosis with neutrophilia during peripartum due to the high presence of endogenous cortisol at delivery. Thus, these findings showed that pregnancy was a stressful physiological event that increased the leukocyte count with a slight alteration in the erythrogram of Dorper ewes.

RESUMO: O sistema hematopoiético sofre mudanças durante a gestação para atender o desenvolvimento fetal e as necessidades maternas. Este estudo comparou os parâmetros hematológicos entre ovelhas com gestação simples e gemelar durante a prenhez, parto e pós-parto. O estudo foi realizado em 60 ovelhas Dorper prenhes, saudáveis, divididas em dois grupos experimentais: Grupo 1 (G1) com gestação simples (n = 30); e Grupo 2 (G2) com gestação gemelar (n = 30). Amostras de sangue foram colhidos de todas as ovelhas em diferentes momentos: imediatamente antes da inseminação artificial em tempo fixo (IA); nos dias 30, 90, 120, 130 e 140 de gestação; imediatamente após o parto; e às 24h e 48h pós-parto. A análise estatística comparou os dois grupos nos diferentes momentos (P < 0,05). Anemia leve, normocítica e hipocrômica foi detectada desde a IA e ao longo da gestação, nas ovelhas de ambos os grupos, mas não houve relevância clínica. Na fase periparto (do 140º dia de gestação às 48h pós-parto), as ovelhas com gestação gemelar (G2) mostraram valores do eritrograma e proporção neutrófilos: linfócitos mais elevados do que as ovelhas com gestação simples (G1). Isso indicou maior adaptação hematopoiética da ovelha para o desenvolvimento de dois fetos. Com exceção do número de eosinófilos, todos os parâmetros do leucograma foram influenciados pela gestação de forma semelhante em ambos os grupos, e foi caracterizada principalmente por leucocitose com neutrofilia no periparto devido ao alto nível de cortisol endógeno no parto. Assim, os achados mostraram que a gestação foi um evento fisiológico estressante que aumentou a contagem de leucócitos com leve alteração no eritrograma de ovelhas Dorper.

Teatro em cena no processo ensino-aprendizagem para abordagem da violência contra mulheres: relato de experiência / Teatro enes cenaen el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje para abordar la violencia contra las mujeres: relato de experiencia / Theater on the scene in the teaching-learning process to approach violence against women: experience report

RESUMO Objetivo relatar a construção, organização e apresentação de peça teatral com abordagem acerca da violência contra mulheres. Método trata-se de relato de experiência acerca da utilização do teatro no processo ensino-aprendizagem para abordagem da violência contra mulheres. A atividade foi desenvolvida nos meses de abril a novembro de 2019, sendo elaborada em três etapas: (1) Construção do roteiro; (2) Ensaios e organização e (3) Apresentação. Os dados foram analisados mediante análise categorial temática e apresentados de forma descritiva, emergindo quatro categorias temáticas e seis subcategorias, discutindo-os conforme a literatura pertinente. Resultados evidencia-se a importância de utilização dessa tecnologia educativa para favorecer o processo ensino-aprendizagem, desde a construção até a apresentação da peça, possibilitando, aos graduandos, estímulo à criatividade, fortalecimento das relações sociais, criticidade, respeito e a capacidade de pactuação ao oportunizar o desenvolvimento de competências imprescindíveis para o exercício profissional, convivência coletiva e trabalho transdisciplinar. Conclusão e implicações para a prática a vivência foi considerada exitosa, pois constitui estratégia educativa que possibilitou, aos graduandos, desenvolvimento de aptidões cruciais para o reconhecimento e a assistência às mulheres em situação de violência.

RESUMEN Objetivo relatar la construcción, organización y presentación de una obra de teatro con abordaje de la violencia contra la mujer. Método se trata de un relato de experiencia sobre el uso del teatro en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje para abordar la violencia contra la mujer. La actividad se desarrolló de abril a noviembre de 2019, siendo elaborada en tres etapas: (1) Construcción del guion; (2) Ensayos y organización y (3) Presentación. Los datos fueron analizados a través del análisis categórico temático y presentados de forma descriptiva, surgiendo cuatro categorías temáticas y seis subcategorías, discutiéndolas de acuerdo con la literatura relevante. Resultados se evidencia la importancia del uso de esta tecnología educativa para favorecer el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje, desde la construcción hasta la presentación de la obra, capacitando a los estudiantes para estimular la creatividad, fortaleciendo las relaciones sociales, la criticidad, el respeto y la capacidad de acuerdo al brindar oportunidades para el desarrollo de competencias esenciales para el ejercicio profesional, la convivencia colectiva y el trabajo transdisciplinario. Conclusión e implicaciones para la práctica la experiencia se consideró exitosa, ya que constituye una estrategia educativa que permitió, a los estudiantes de grado, desarrollar habilidades cruciales para reconocer y ayudar a las mujeres en situación de violencia.

ABSTRACT Objective Report the construction, organization and presentation of a play with an approach to violence against womens. Method This is an experience report about the use of theater in the teaching-learning process to approach violence against womens. The activity was developed from April to November 2019, being elaborated in three stages: (1) Construction of the script; (2) Essays and organization and (3) Presentation. Data were analyzed through thematic categorical analysis, presented in a descriptive way, emerging four thematic categories and six subcategories, discussing them according to the relevant literature. Results It highlights the importance of using this educational technology to favor the teaching-learning process, from the construction to the presentation of the play, enabling undergraduates encouragement to creativity, strengthening of social relations, criticality, respect and the capacity for agreement, by providing opportunities for the development of essential skills for professional practice, collective coexistence and transdisciplinary work. Conclusionan and implications for practice The experience was considered successful, as it constituted an educational strategy that enabled undergraduates to develop crucial skills for recognizing and assisting to women in situations of violence.

Body weight multicomponent program improves power and functional capacity responses in older adults: A quasi-experimental study.

The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of multicomponent training with body weight on functional capacity response and power in aging persons. Twenty-seven active older women were assigned for convenience to control (active CG) or multicomponent training groups (MTG). The two groups exercised for 10 weeks, the active CG carried out the usual activities of the community service program, while the MTG followed a multicomponent training program. The countermovement and squat jump height (cm), medicine ball throwing distance (cm), time (s) to complete the tests: chair stand, timed up and go, and stair ascent and descent with 8 steps, and the total number of repetitions during 30 s of the tests: chair stand and arm curl were evaluated before (baseline) and after (post-training) the training period. For all analyses, we used estimation statistics, which focus on the effect size of the experiment/intervention, as opposed to significance testing. Changes over 10 weeks showed a large effect (d, >0.8) favoring the multicomponent training group compared to the active control group for all functional capacity performance and power variables (p ≤ 0.05). In conclusion, body weight multicomponent training is effective for improving basic functional capacity and upper and lower limb power abilities.

Prevalence of High Risk HPV in HIV-Infected Women From Belém, Pará, Amazon Region of Brazil: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the world. Several studies have shown a higher prevalence of HPV infection in HIV-infected women. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and the genotype diversity of HPV infection in HIV-infected women. From April 2010 to December 2012 cervical specimens were collected from 169 HIV-infected women who screening for cervical cancer at Reference Unit in Belém. The detection of HPV infection was performed by nested PCR and HPV type was performed using a commercial system. The prevalence of HPV infection was 63.3%. Of the 47 genotyped samples, 40.4% was found positive for high risk-HPV 16 and 12.8% for high risk-HPV 52. HPV infection was predominant in the group of women with no incidence of cytological abnormalities and more prevalent in women of reproductive age, unmarried, low education level, and who reported use condoms during sexual intercourse. It was observed an association between HPV infection and independent variables, such as condom use, multiple sexual partners, and history of sexually transmitted diseases. High-risk types of HPV infection were prevalent in our study. Infection with multiple high-risk HPV genotypes may potentiate the development of cervical cancer in HIV-infected women.

Disfunções do assoalho pélvico em praticantes de Crossfit / Pelvic floor dysfunctions in Crossfit practitioners

Introdução: A incontinência urinária é uma disfunção do assoalho pélvico e acomete mulheres das mais variadas idades. A atividade física tem diversos benefícios, no entanto o assoalho pélvico pode ser a única área do corpo em que seu efeito positivo pode ser questionado. O CrossFit® é um programa de treinamento de alto impacto que envolve exercícios aeróbicos e anaeróbicos. Esta atividade possui um caráter motivacional e desafiador e vem ganhando milhões de adeptos no mundo todo. Objetivo: Revisar os estudos publicados nos últimos 5 anos a respeito das disfunções do assoalho pélvico em atletas praticantes de CrossFit®. Métodos: Revisão integrativa de literatura realizada através de pesquisa nas bases de dados Pubmed, Bireme (Lilacs, Medline, Scielo), Science Direct e PeDro, entre os anos de 2015 a 2020. Resultados: Foram incluídos 6 artigos aplicáveis aos critérios de elegibilidade. A população estudada são mulheres de 16 a 75 anos, praticantes de CrossFit®. Na avaliação metodológica, os estudos foram considerados fracos a moderados e apenas um forte. Conclusão: Como principais achados deste estudo, observou-se uma prevalência significativa de IU em praticantes de CrossFit®; essa disfunção parece estar relacionada a um atraso na ativação da musculatura pélvica quando exigida durante os exercícios. (AU)

Introduction: Urinary Incontinence is a pelvic floor dysfunction and affects women of all ages. Physical activity has several benefits; however, the pelvic floor may be the only area of the body in which its positive effect can be questioned. CrossFit® is a training program of high impact that involves aerobic and anaerobic exercises. This activity has a motivational and challenging character and has been gaining millions of followers worldwide. Objective: To review the studies published in the last 5 years regarding pelvic floor dysfunctions in athletes practicing CrossFit®. Methods: Integrative literature review carried out by searching the Pubmed, Bireme (Lilacs, Medline, Scielo), Science Direct and PeDro databases, between the years 2015 to 2020. Results: 6 articles applicable to the eligibility criteria were included. The studied population are women aged 16 to 75 years practicing CrossFit®. In the methodological evaluation, the studies were considered weak to moderate and only one strong. Conclusion: This study observed a significant prevalence of urinary incontinence in CrossFit® practitioners; this dysfunction seems to be related to a delay in the activation of the pelvic muscles when required during exercises. (AU)

Addition of antifreeze protein type I or III to extenders for ram sperm cryopreservation.

Antifreeze proteins (AFP) play an important role in cellular survival at sub-zero temperatures. This study assessed the effect of AFP type I or III in semen extender (TRIS-egg yolk) for ram sperm cryopreservation. Pooled semen of four rams were allocated into five treatments: Control (CONT, without AFP); AFP Type I [0.1 (AFPI-0.1) or 0.5 (AFPI-0.5) µg/mL]; or III [0.1 (AFPIII-0.1) or 0.5 (AFPIII-0.5) µg/mL], and then frozen in six replicates. Treatments affected kinetic parameters, plasma membrane integrity and morphology (P < 0.05). The AFPIII-0.1 presented lesser total motility. Linearity was greater in AFPI-0.1, AFPI-0.5 and AFPIII-0.5 and straightness was greater in all AFP-supplemented extenders. Plasma membrane integrity was greater in AFPI-0.1 and AFPI-0.5. All AFP groups had greater percentage of normal sperm than CONT. No differences (P > 0.05) were observed in hypoosmotic test, sperm acrosome status, mitochondrial activity, chromatin condensation, perivitelline membrane binding rate and lipoperoxidation. In conclusion, the use of AFP, predominantly type I, may increase sperm cell protection during cryopreservation, with no adverse effect on potential fertilization capacity or increase in reactive oxygen species, being a potential cryoprotectant to ram sperm.

Characterizing the vaquejada horse herd in the brazilian state of Pernambuco / Caracterização do rebanho pernambucano de equinos de vaquejada

This study aimed to determine the age groups, breeds, and morphological characteristics of horses used in vaquejada competitions, as well as to define how often the animals compete, the results achieved in the contests, and the duration of training. A sample of 1,271 horses used in vaquejada competitions was employed in the study. The first step consisted in interviewing owners to obtain information on the age and breed of the horses, vaquejada circuits in which they compete, frequency of competition in vaquejada, results reached in the trials, and training duration per month, week, and day. The second step obtained 15 linear measurements and calculated eight morphometric indices. The data obtained from the interviews were submitted to descriptive statistical analyses. The linear measurements and morphometric indices were used to compare sexes using a completely randomized experimental design. The results showed that 80.3% of the vaquejada horses were between four and ten years old and that 89% of the animals were of the Quarter Horse. The morphometric measures showed that stallions had higher height at withers, back, and croup and wider heads, chest, and croup than mares and geldings. On the other hand, among the eight indices calculated, only the value of the height at the chest of the stallions was higher than the mean values in mares and geldings. It was found that 79.7% of the horses took part in two to four vaquejada trials a month while 93.3% of the animals underwent fitness training 12 months a year. The results show a predominance of Quarter Horses in the vaquejada contests in Pernambuco and that the trials require the selection of physically larger and stronger stallions. In addition, the animals are submitted to intense training and competition routines.

O estudo objetivou determinar as faixas etárias, raças e características morfológicas dos equinos competidores de vaquejadas em Pernambuco, assim como definir a frequência em que os animais competem, os resultados conquistados nas disputas e a duração dos treinamentos. Foram utilizados 1271 equinos participantes de provas de vaquejada realizadas no sertão e agreste pernambucano. A primeira etapa do trabalho consistiu em uma entrevista aos proprietários dos animais para obter informações sobre a idade dos equinos, raça, circuitos de vaquejada em que competem (oficiais ou não oficiais), frequência de participação em vaquejadas, resultados alcançados nas provas e a duração mensal, semanal e diária dos treinamentos. Na segunda etapa foram mensuradas 15 medidas lineares e calculados oito índices morfométricos. Os dados obtidos a partir das entrevistas foram submetidos à análises estatísticas descritivas. Já as medidas lineares e índices morfométricos foram utilizados para comparar os sexos, por meio de delineamento experimental inteiramente ao acaso. Os resultados morfométricos foram submetidos à análise de variância e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey (P<0,05). Observou-se que 80,3% dos equinos de vaquejada tinham entre quatro e 10 anos de idade e que 89% dos animais eram da raça Quarto de Milha. Em relação às medidas morfométricas, registrou-se nos garanhões maiores alturas na cernelha, dorso e garupa e maiores larguras de cabeça, peito e garupa que nas éguas e nos machos castrados. Por outro lado, dentre os oito índices calculados, apenas o valor do vazio subesternal dos garanhões foi superior as médias das fêmeas e dos machos castrados. Constatou-se que 79,7% dos equinos participavam de duas a quatro provas de vaquejada por mês e que 93,3% dos animais eram condicionados fisicamente 12 meses por ano. Concluiu-se que nas vaquejadas realizadas no estado de Pernambuco há predomínio de equinos da raça Quarto de Milha, na faixa etária entre quatro e dez anos e as provas exigem seleção de garanhões fisicamente maiores e mais fortes. Além disso, os animais são submetidos a intensas rotinas de competições e treinamento.

Oxidative stress biomarkers in newborn calves: Comparison among artificial insemination, in vitro fertilization and cloning.

Oxidative stress occurs when there is greater than optimal production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) or an antioxidant system failure. Calves produced using in vitro fertilization (IVF) or cloning (CA) have greater mortality rates, with greater incidence of respiratory diseases, which could be explained by the deleterious outcomes from oxidative stress. Calves were studied that were produced using: artificial insemination (AI; n = 20), in vitro fertilization (IVF; n = 15) or cloning (CA; n = 15). Blood samples were collected at 6, 12, 24 and 48 h subsequent to the time of birth. The cloned calves had greater ROS production from lipid peroxidation, with greater thiobarbituric acid reactive substances. This factor was associated with a lesser amount of superoxide dismutase in the CA. Calves produced using IVF had a greater activity of catalase and glutathione peroxidase, either due to greater production of hydrogen peroxide or greater efficiency of enzymatic response of these neonates. Calves produced using AI had greater concentrations ​​of reduced thiol groups. These associated factors may indicate there is greater oxidative stress in calves produced by IVF and cloning than with use of AI, however in these calves there was an effective response to these oxidative stressors within 48 h subsequent to birth. Hence, calves produced using IVF and by cloning have greater ROS production when compared to calves produced using AI. The calves produced using IVF, however, had a greater enzymatic activity or were more efficient in adapting to ROS when compared to calves produced by cloning.

Effect of zymomonas mobilis probiotic on cholesterol and its lipoprotein fractions and the intestinal regulation.

Zymomonas mobilis have characteristics that classify it as probiotic. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of regular consumption of fermented broth of this strain on the intestinal function of individuals with changes in intestinal transit. This is a randomized, descriptive and quantitative clinical trial, a sample composed of undergraduate students from a university center in Caruaru. After screening for individuals with constipation according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, only 13 agreed to participate in the study. They were divided into groups: group 1 received Zymomonas mobilis fermented broth once a day; group 2 also received the fermented broth in the same concentration cells being twice a day; group 3 received cell-free fermented broth once daily; and group 4, placebo, received saline once daily, all groups drank for fifteen days, and laboratory tests were performed to check lipid profile before and after that period. Observed an increase in evacuation days in all groups averaged in media 7.0-10.5 days. Groups 1 and 2 showed an increase in total cholesterol (0.5% and 5.0%, respectively), HDL cholesterol (4.1% and 24.1%), LDL cholesterol (4.9% and 8.4%), VLDL cholesterol (17.9% and 11.2%) and triglycerides (19.1% and 27.9%). In group 3, there was a reduction of total cholesterol (-2.4%), LDL cholesterol (-11.2%), VLDL cholesterol (-15.9%), triglycerides (-27.7%) and increase in HDL cholesterol (25.7%). Thus, the broth fermented with Zymomonas mobilis regulated the intestinal transit, but did not improve the lipid profile, while the without cells broth showed a better lipid profile.

Clinical and Radiographic Aspects of Patients with Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome: Is There Difference between Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Hip?

Objective This paper aims to compare clinical and radiographic features of symptomatic and asymptomatic hips in patients with unilateral femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS) and to establish a correlation between these findings. Methods This is a retrospective study, based on medical records of patients diagnosed with FAIS between January 2014 and April 2017. The patients were assessed clinically as per the International Hip Outcome Tool 33 (iHOT33) questionnaire, visual analogue pain scale, hip rotation, and hip and knee muscular strength. The radiographic evaluation consisted of measurements of the alpha angle, crossover signal, acetabular retroversion index, ischial spine signal, and posterior wall sign. Results A total of 45 patients were included in the study, with mean time from symptom onset to diagnosis of 28.6 months and mean iHOT33 score was 39.9. The mean medial rotation was 20.5° in symptomatic hip and 27.2° in asymptomatic hip ( p < 0.001). The crossover signal was positive on 68.9% of the symptomatic hips and 55.6% of the asymptomatic hips ( p = 0.03). The mean retroversion index was 0.15 in symptomatic hips and 0.11 in asymptomatic hips ( p = 0.02). There was a positive correlation between the total time of symptoms and medial hip rotation reduction ( p = 0.04) and between body mass index (BMI) and medial hip rotation reduction ( p = 0.02). Conclusion When comparing clinical and radiographic features, we observed reduction of medial rotation and increase of acetabular retroversion index in the symptomatic hip, as well as association between the long symptom time and the high BMI with loss of medial rotation of the hips.