ABSTRACT
Objetivo: Traçar um perfil epidemiológico das malformações congênitas (MCs) em recém-nascidos (RNs) no Estado do Rio Grande do Norte no período de 2004 a 2011. Metodologia: Estudo descritivo-quantitativo com base em dados secundários do Sistema de Informações sobre Nascidos Vivos (SINASC), no qual foram avaliados dados referentes a ocorrência de malformações congênitas em RNs do Rio Grande do Norte no período de 2004 a 2011. Foi realizada uma análise descritiva de todos os dados relativos às variáveis sociodemográficas, maternas e assistenciais e em seguida foi construído o mapa temáticos. Resultados e conclusões: As MCs foram observadas em 2.305 (0,58%) RNs, e predominaram entre as mães que eram solteiras (61,41%), com idade entre 20-24 anos (27,24%), com grau de escolaridade de 8-11 anos de estudo (40,24%), que tinham realizado mais do que 7 consultas de pré-natal (42,75%) e que tiveram seus filhos com 37-41 semanas (74,1%). O sistema osteomuscular foi o mais acometido (24,97%), seguido pelas deformidades congênitas dos pés (20%) e outras malformações do sistema nervoso (13,16%). O estudo permite conhecer as características epidemiológicas de malformação congênita em recém-nascidos, sendo útil o planejamento de ações para com esse grupo. Diante disso, faz-se necessário a adoção de medidas de prevenção, assistência e políticas públicas voltadas para este aspecto da saúde materno-infantil. Além de melhoria na qualidade dos serviços de diagnóstico. (AU)
Objective: To describe the epidemiological profile of congenital malformations (CM) in newborns (NB) from Rio Grande do Norte state from 2004 to 2011. Methods: This was a descriptive and quantitative study using secondary data from the Information System on Live Births (Sistema de Informações sobre Nascidos Vivos, SINASC). The data addressed occurrences of congenital malformations in newborns from Rio Grande do Norte state from 2004 to 2011. A descriptive analysis of sociodemographic, maternal and health care variables was carried out and the thematic map was constructed. Results and Conclusions: CMs were observed in 2,305 (0.58%) NBs, and prevailed among single mothers (61.41%), aged from 20 to 24 years old (27.24%), having 8-11 years of schooling (40.24%), who had had more than 7 prenatal consultations (42.75%) and had given birth after 37-41 weeks of pregnancy (74.1%). The musculoskeletal system was the most affected component (24.97%), followed by congenital deformities of feet (20%) and other malformations of the nervous system (13.16%). This study describes the epidemiological characteristics of congenital malformations in newborns and may be useful for action planning. It is necessary to adopt prevention and healthcare measures along with public policies focused on this aspect of mother-child health, besides improving the quality of diagnostic services. (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Infant, Newborn , Congenital Abnormalities , Epidemiology , Infant, NewbornABSTRACT
Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is characterized by involuntary movements of the lower portion of the face being related to typical antipsychotic therapy. TD is associated with the oxidative imbalance in the basal ganglia. Lipoic acid (LA) and omega-3 (ω-3) are antioxidants acting as enzyme cofactors, regenerating antioxidant enzymes. This study aimed to investigate behavioral and neurochemical effects of supplementation with LA (100 mg/kg) and ω-3 (1 g/kg) in the treatment of TD induced by chronic use of haloperidol (HAL) (1 mg/kg) in rats. Wistar male rats were used, weighing between 180-200 g. The animals were treated chronically (31 days) with LA alone or associated with HAL or ω-3. Motor behavior was assessed by open-field test, the catalepsy test, and evaluation of orofacial dyskinesia. Oxidative stress was accessed by determination of lipid peroxidation and concentration of nitrite. LA and ω-3 alone or associated caused an improvement in motor performance by increasing locomotor activity in the open-field test and decreased the permanence time on the bar in the catalepsy test and decreased the orofacial dyskinesia. LA and ω-3 showed antioxidant effects, decreasing lipid peroxidation and nitrite levels. Thus, the use of LA associated with ω-3 reduced the extrapyramidal effects produced by chronic use of HAL.
