Use of alternative tiles in the free-range broilers rearing: thermal environment, productive performance and physiological responses

The physiological parameters and the productive performance of free-range broilers submitted to installations with different materials of tile composition were evaluated. 320 male broilers of the Vermelho Pesadão lineage were used, with an initial age of 35 days, distributed among the following treatments: 1) Fiber cement tile painted white on the outside; 2) Cardboard tile coated with double-sided canvas - black for the interior and white for the exterior; 3) Tetra Pak® box tile; 4) Tile of Tetra Pak® boxes covered with PET bottles. A completely randomized design was used, with 4 replicates per treatment and 20 broilers per experimental unit. The climatic environment was evaluated daily at 8, 10, 12, 14 and 16 hours. The productive and physiological parameters were evaluated every 7 days, the last ones being collected at 9 and 15 hours. In the afternoon, the highest values of air temperature and black globe temperature index and humidity were recorded, regardless of the materials evaluated. Fiber cement tiles and cardboard tiles coated with double-sided canvas showed the lowest values of climatic variables. There was no difference between the types of tile for the variables of productive performance and physiological parameters. It was concluded that the fiber-cement tiles painted white on the outside, and the cardboard coated with light canvas on the outside provided a better thermal environment inside the aviaries, which can be indicated for use in shelters for the creation of free-range broilers.(AU)

Use of alternative tiles in the free-range broilers rearing: thermal environment, productive performance and physiological responses

The physiological parameters and the productive performance of free-range broilers submitted to installations with different materials of tile composition were evaluated. 320 male broilers of the Vermelho Pesadão lineage were used, with an initial age of 35 days, distributed among the following treatments: 1) Fiber cement tile painted white on the outside; 2) Cardboard tile coated with double-sided canvas - black for the interior and white for the exterior; 3) Tetra Pak® box tile; 4) Tile of Tetra Pak® boxes covered with PET bottles. A completely randomized design was used, with 4 replicates per treatment and 20 broilers per experimental unit. The climatic environment was evaluated daily at 8, 10, 12, 14 and 16 hours. The productive and physiological parameters were evaluated every 7 days, the last ones being collected at 9 and 15 hours. In the afternoon, the highest values of air temperature and black globe temperature index and humidity were recorded, regardless of the materials evaluated. Fiber cement tiles and cardboard tiles coated with double-sided canvas showed the lowest values of climatic variables. There was no difference between the types of tile for the variables of productive performance and physiological parameters. It was concluded that the fiber-cement tiles painted white on the outside, and the cardboard coated with light canvas on the outside provided a better thermal environment inside the aviaries, which can be indicated for use in shelters for the creation of free-range broilers.

Alternative forced-molting methods in japanese quails / Métodos alternativos de muda forçada para codornas japonesas

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different forced-molting methods on the performance and quality of laying quail eggs. The experiment was conducted in a conventional shed for quails and lasted 115 days. 480 Japanese quails at an initial age of 52 weeks were used. The following treatments were evaluated: total feed fasting (control treatment); corn and soybean bran diet; high- zinc diet (7,300 ppm); wheat bran diet; and ground corn diet. A fully randomized experimental outline was used with 5 treatments and 4 repetitions. Each lot was formed by 24 quails with a total of 480 birds. Performance (production and egg weights, feed intake, feed conversion ratio per kg egg mass and per dozen eggs, viable eggs and egg viability) and egg quality (eggshell thickness and yield, specific weight and Haugh unit) were evaluated. Treatment differences were compared using the Scott-Knott test (5%). Wheat bran and high- zinc diets yielded poorer averages of egg production and feed conversion ratioper dozen eggs. Studied treatments had no influence on egg quality. Hence, we can conclude that corn- only or corn and soybean bran only feeds can be adopted as forced molting methods in Japanese quails instead of traditional fasting methods.

Objetivou-se com esta pesquisa avaliar a ação de diferentes métodos de muda forçada sobre o desempenho e qualidade dos ovos de codornas de postura. O experimento foi conduzido em um galpão convencional para codornas e teve duração de 115 dias. Foram utilizadas 480 codornas japonesas, com idade inicial de 52 semanas. Os tratamentos avaliados foram: Jejum total de ração (tratamento testemunha); Ração constituída de milho e farelo de soja; Ração com alto nível de Zn (7.300 ppm); Fornecimento de farelo de trigo; Fornecimento de milho moído. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado, com 5tratamentos e 4 repetições. Cada parcela foi constituída de 24 codornas, totalizando 480 aves. Foram avaliadas características de desempenho (produção e peso de ovos, consumo de ração, conversão alimentar, por massa e por dúzia, ovos viáveis e viabilidade) e qualidade de ovos (espessura e rendimento de casca, peso específico e unidade Haugh). As diferenças entre os tratamentos foram comparadas pelo teste Scott-Knott (5%). Os tratamentos constituídos por farelo de trigo e ração com alto nível de zinco proporcionaram piores produções médias de ovos e conversão alimentar por dúzia de ovos. Não houve influência dos tratamentos sobre as características de qualidade de ovos. Pode-se concluir que o fornecimento de somente milho ou somente milho e farelo de soja podem ser adotados como métodos de muda forçada para codornas japonesas em substituição ao jejum.

Alternative forced-molting methods in japanese quails / Métodos alternativos de muda forçada para codornas japonesas

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different forced-molting methods on the performance and quality of laying quail eggs. The experiment was conducted in a conventional shed for quails and lasted 115 days. 480 Japanese quails at an initial age of 52 weeks were used. The following treatments were evaluated: total feed fasting (control treatment); corn and soybean bran diet; high- zinc diet (7,300 ppm); wheat bran diet; and ground corn diet. A fully randomized experimental outline was used with 5 treatments and 4 repetitions. Each lot was formed by 24 quails with a total of 480 birds. Performance (production and egg weights, feed intake, feed conversion ratio per kg egg mass and per dozen eggs, viable eggs and egg viability) and egg quality (eggshell thickness and yield, specific weight and Haugh unit) were evaluated. Treatment differences were compared using the Scott-Knott test (5%). Wheat bran and high- zinc diets yielded poorer averages of egg production and feed conversion ratioper dozen eggs. Studied treatments had no influence on egg quality. Hence, we can conclude that corn- only or corn and soybean bran only feeds can be adopted as forced molting methods in Japanese quails instead of traditional fasting methods.(AU)

Objetivou-se com esta pesquisa avaliar a ação de diferentes métodos de muda forçada sobre o desempenho e qualidade dos ovos de codornas de postura. O experimento foi conduzido em um galpão convencional para codornas e teve duração de 115 dias. Foram utilizadas 480 codornas japonesas, com idade inicial de 52 semanas. Os tratamentos avaliados foram: Jejum total de ração (tratamento testemunha); Ração constituída de milho e farelo de soja; Ração com alto nível de Zn (7.300 ppm); Fornecimento de farelo de trigo; Fornecimento de milho moído. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado, com 5tratamentos e 4 repetições. Cada parcela foi constituída de 24 codornas, totalizando 480 aves. Foram avaliadas características de desempenho (produção e peso de ovos, consumo de ração, conversão alimentar, por massa e por dúzia, ovos viáveis e viabilidade) e qualidade de ovos (espessura e rendimento de casca, peso específico e unidade Haugh). As diferenças entre os tratamentos foram comparadas pelo teste Scott-Knott (5%). Os tratamentos constituídos por farelo de trigo e ração com alto nível de zinco proporcionaram piores produções médias de ovos e conversão alimentar por dúzia de ovos. Não houve influência dos tratamentos sobre as características de qualidade de ovos. Pode-se concluir que o fornecimento de somente milho ou somente milho e farelo de soja podem ser adotados como métodos de muda forçada para codornas japonesas em substituição ao jejum.(AU)