Prognostic value of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in patients with stage III non-small cell lung cancer under different treatment types: a retrospective study.

OBJECTIVE: Currently programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) inhibitors in combination with other therapies are being evaluated to determine their efficacy in cancer treatment. However, the effect of PD-ligand (L) 1 expression on disease outcomes in stage III (EC III) non-small cell lung cancer is not completely understood. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the influence of PD-L1 expression on the outcomes of EC III non-small cell lung cancer. METHODS: This study was conducted on patients diagnosed with EC III non-small cell lung cancer who underwent treatment at a tertiary care hospital. PD-L1 expression was determined using immunohistochemical staining, all patients expressed PD-L1. Survival was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Relationships between variables were assessed using Cox proportional regression models. RESULTS: A total of 49 patients (median age=69 years) with EC III non-small cell lung cancer and PD-L1 expression were evaluated. More than half of the patients were men, and most were regular smokers. The patients were treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, surgery, or sequential or combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The median progression-free survival of the entire cohort was 14.2 months, and the median overall survival was 20 months. There was no significant association between PD-L1 expression and disease progression, clinical characteristics, or overall survival. CONCLUSIONS: PD-L1 expression was not correlated with EC III non-small cell lung cancer outcomes. Whether these findings differ from the association with immune checkpoint inhibitors remains to be addressed in future studies.

Effectiveness of Pilates-based exercises on the diastasis recti abdominis in climacteric women: a randomized controlled trial

Introduction: Recent studies have related the climacteric period with changes in connective tissue elasticity that may be related to diastasis recti abdominis. Mat Pilates is a method of exercise without impact that currently has more practitioners, due to its satisfactory results. However, there are no studies that evaluate the effectiveness of mat Pilates for women with diastasis recti abdominis. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of the mat Pilates program in climacteric women with diastasis recti abdominis. Methods: This randomized single-blinded clinical trial evaluated climacteric women with diastasis recti abdominis. The participants were randomized into the experimental group, which participated in 3 weekly sessions of mat Pilates for 12 weeks for a total of 36 sessions, and the control group (without exercises). The inter-rectus distance was measured with a digital caliper. The G*Power Version 3.1.9.2. software was used for the sample calculation, and the SPSS 20.0 program was used for statistical analysis. Results: The study comprised 21 women, including 10 in the control group and 11 in the experimental group, with mean ages of 54.3 ± 7.1 and 55.3 ± 6.0 years and body mass index values of 28.8 ± 5.5 kg/m2 and 29.9 ± 4.48 kg/m2, respectively. In the experimental group, reductions were observed in all the measures related to diastasis recti abdominis (p<0.05) in the supraumbilical, umbilical, and infra-umbilical regions. Conclusion: The mat Pilates method is effective for reducing diastasis recti abdominis in the climacteric period.

Differential expression of brummer and levels of TAG in different developmental stages Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae), including fasted adults.

Lipid storage in the form of triacylglycerol (TAG) is essential for insect life, as it enables flight, development, and reproduction. The activity of the lipase brummer (bmm) has been shown to be essential to insects' homeostasis. The objective of this study was to evaluate how bmm expression occurs in Aedes aegypti larvae and adults, and to observe TAG levels during fasting in adult females. The bmm sequence was identified in A. aegypti and exhibited a patatin-like phospholipase domain reinforced by the presence of a catalytic dyad with serine and aspartate residues, revealing a high degree of similarity with other organisms. Bmm expression was differentiated in the larvae and adult fat body (FB) following TAG reserve dynamics. Bmm was expressed three times in larval stages L3, L4, and pupae compared with L1 and L2, which could indicate its role in the maturation of these insects. In the postemergence (PE) and post-blood meal (PBM) FB of adult insects, bmm expression varied over several days. PE adults showed a pronounced bmm increase from the third day onward compared with those not subjected to fasting. This was accompanied by a decrease in TAG from the third day onward, suggesting the participation of bmm. Six hours after blood feeding, TAG levels increased in mosquitos reared in the absence of sucrose, suggesting lipid accumulation to guarantee reproduction. Bmm responded positively to fasting, followed by TAG mobilization in adult FB. During the previtellogenic period, bmm levels responded to low TAG levels, unlike the PBM period.

Landscape and land use affect composition and nutritional values of bees' food.

Bees are primary pollinators across various terrestrial biomes and rely heavily on floral resources for sustenance. The composition of landscapes can influence bee foraging behavior, while human activities can directly affect both the composition and nutritional value of bee food. We aimed to assess how landscape structure and land use practices can impact the composition and nutritional value of food sources for two generalist social bee species, Apis mellifera and Scaptotrigona postica. Food samples were collected from twenty-five colonies of A. mellifera and thirteen of S. postica to examine how food composition and nutritional value may vary based on the extent of human land use and the composition of landscapes surrounding beekeeping sites. The pollen composition and nutritional value of A. mellifera were influenced by both land use practices and landscape heterogeneity. The number of patches determined total sugar and lipid content. Landscape heterogeneity affected pollen composition in S. postica, primarily due to the number of patches, while total sugar was affected by landscape diversity. Pollen nutritional value in S. postica was linked to land use, mainly meadow and vegetation, which influenced total sugar and dry matter. S. postica showed a higher sensitivity to land use changes compared to A. mellifera, which was more affected by landscape heterogeneity. Assuring landscape heterogeneity by preserving remaining forest patches around apiaries and meliponaries is crucial. Thoughtful land use planning is essential to support beekeeping activities and ensure an adequate quantity and quality of bee food resources.

Contaminação pelo Covid-19 em profissionais de hospital de referência no Pará / Contamination by Covid-19 in professionals of a reference hospital in Para's state / Contaminación por Covid-19 en profesionales de un hospital de referencia del estado de Pará

A pandemia do novo coronavírus colocou em alerta os sistemas de saúde, estabelecendo sentimentos de instabilidade e de medo. O trabalho é e importante pilar para o traçado de políticas públicas. Objetivo: analisar a contaminação pelo COVID-19 em profissionais de hospital de referência no Pará. Metodologia: Trata-se de estudo retrospectivo, quantitativo, observacional, com aplicação de série temporal no período de março de 2020 a março de 2022. Foram incluídos todos os servidores atuantes durante a pandemia, que apresentaram atestados médicos com diagnóstico de COVID, e/ou testagem positiva, ou atestados por suspeita de contaminação. O perfil de servidores foi analisado, explorando as variáveis sexo, idade, convivência ou não com parceiros, grau de escolaridade, cargo e setor; juntamente com a incidência de casos confirmados e incidência total (suspeitos e confirmados). Resultados: O total de afastamentos do trabalho devido ao diagnóstico de COVID-19 foi de 1.420 casos, mais 839 casos suspeitos; sendo que 173 trabalhadores apresentaram reincidência. A incidência foi maior nos meses de maio de 2020, março de 2021 e janeiro de 2022. Houve predominância do sexo feminino e da categoria de enfermagem. Setores administrativos e financeiros apresentaram maior porcentagem de contaminados durante a pandemia (73,40%), proporcionalmente ao quantitativo de servidores atuantes na lotação. Entretanto, foram servidores da assistência direta ao paciente que apresentaram maior porcentagem de reinfecção. Conclusão: Foi possível visualizar três ondas na distribuição temporal dos casos de COVID-19, com destaque para elevação nos primeiros meses de 2022. O declínio no diagnóstico de casos novos no hospital estudado após dois anos de pandemia pode representar esforços individuais e coletivos em resistir às dificuldades da conjuntura. É importante observar o comportamento da pandemia em distintas regiões do Brasil para atualização de estratégias de enfrentamento como um todo.

The new coronavirus pandemic has put health systems on alert, establishing feelings of instability and fear. Working is an important pillar for the design of public policies. Objective: to analyze the contamination by COVID-19 in professionals of a reference hospital in Para's State. Methodology: This is a retrospective, quantitative, observational study, with the application of a time series from March 2020 to March 2022. All civil servants working during the pandemic, who presented medical certificates with a diagnosis of COVID, and/or or positive test, or attestations for suspected contamination. The servants' profile was analyzed, exploring the variables sex, age, living or not with partners, education level, position and sector; along with the incidence of confirmed cases and total incidence (suspected and confirmed). Results: The total number of absences from work due to the diagnosis of COVID-19 was 1,420 cases, plus 839 suspected cases; 173 workers presented recurrence. The incidence was higher in the months of May 2020, March 2021 and January 2022. There was a predominance of females and the nursing category. Administrative and financial sectors had a higher percentage of people infected during the pandemic (73.40%), proportionally to the number of servers working in the capacity. However, it was direct patient care workers who had the highest percentage of reinfection. Conclusion: It was possible to visualize three waves in the temporal distribution of COVID-19 cases, with emphasis on an increase in the first months of 2022. The decline in the diagnosis of new cases in the hospital studied after two years of the pandemic may represent individual and collective efforts to resist to the difficulties of the situation. It is important to observe the behavior of the pandemic in different regions of Brazil to update coping strategies in a general scenery.

La nueva pandemia de coronavirus ha puesto en alerta a los sistemas de salud, estableciendo sentimientos de inestabilidad y miedo. El trabajo es un pilar importante para el diseño de políticas públicas. Objetivo: analizar la contaminación por COVID-19 en profesionales de un hospital de referencia en el Estado de Pará. Metodología: Se trata de un estudio retrospectivo, cuantitativo, observacional, con la aplicación de una serie de tiempo de marzo de 2020 a marzo de 2022. Todos los funcionarios que trabajaron durante la pandemia, que presentaron certificados médicos con diagnóstico de COVID, y/o o test positivo, o atestados por sospecha de contaminación. Se analizó el perfil de los funcionarios, explorando las variables sexo, edad, convivencia o no con la pareja, nivel de escolaridad, cargo y sector; junto con la incidencia de casos confirmados y la incidencia total (sospechosos y confirmados). Resultados: El número total de bajas laborales por diagnóstico de COVID-19 fue de 1.420 casos, más 839 casos sospechosos; 173 trabajadores presentaron recurrencia. La incidencia fue mayor en los meses de mayo de 2020, marzo de 2021 y enero de 2022. Hubo predominio del sexo femenino y de la categoría de enfermería. Los sectores administrativo y financiero presentaron mayor porcentaje de infectados durante la pandemia (73,40%), proporcionalmente al número de servidores que trabajaban en esa función. Sin embargo, fueron los trabajadores de atención directa al paciente los que presentaron el mayor porcentaje de reinfección. Conclusiones: Fue posible visualizar tres olas en la distribución temporal de los casos de COVID-19, destacándose un aumento en los primeros meses de 2022. La disminución en el diagnóstico de nuevos casos en el hospital estudiado después de dos años de pandemia puede representar esfuerzos individuales y colectivos para resistir a las dificultades de la situación. Es importante observar el comportamiento de la pandemia en diferentes regiones de Brasil para actualizar las estrategias de afrontamiento en un escenario general.

Ultrastructural Changes in the Midgut of Brazilian Native Stingless Bee Melipona scutellaris Exposed to Fungicide Pyraclostrobin.

Melipona scutellaris is a Brazilian stingless bee that is important for pollinating wild flora and agriculture crops. Fungicides have been widely used in agriculture, and floral residues can affect forager bees. The goal of our study was to evaluate the effects of sublethal concentrations of pyraclostrobin on the midgut ultrastructure of M. scutellaris forager workers. The bees were collected from three non-parental colonies and kept under laboratory conditions. The bees were orally exposed continuously for five days to pyraclostrobin in syrup at concentrations of 0.125 ng a.i./µL (FG1) and 0.005 ng a.i./µL (FG2). The control bees (CTL) were fed a no-fungicide sucrose solution, and the acetone solvent control bees (CAC) received a sucrose solution containing acetone. At the end of the exposure, the midguts were sampled, fixed in Karnovsky solution, and routinely processed for transmission electron microscopy. Ultrastructural analysis demonstrated that both the fungicide concentrations altered the midgut, such as cytoplasmic vacuolization (more intense in FG1), the presence of an atypical nuclear morphology, and slightly dilated mitochondrial cristae in the bees from the FG1 and FG2 groups (both more intense in FG1). Additionally, there was an alteration in the ultrastructure of the spherocrystals (FG1), which could be the result of cellular metabolism impairment and the excretion of toxic metabolites in the digestive cells as a response to fungicide exposure. The results indicate that ingested pyraclostrobin induced cytotoxic effects in the midgut of native stingless bees. These cellular ultrastructural responses of the midgut are a prelude to a reduced survival rate, as observed in previous studies.

Larvicidal and Fungicidal Activity of the Leaf Essential Oil of Five Myrtaceae Species.

Myrtaceae is one of the most diverse and abundant botanical families, exhibiting wide diversity in the chemical composition of essential oils (EOs). EOs have various biotechnological applications such as controlling the populations of organisms that negatively impact humans. This study aimed to extract EOs from Myrtaceae species, chemically characterize them, and evaluate their larvicidal and fungicidal effects. EOs were extracted from the leaves of Eugenia brasiliensis, Eugenia uniflora, Psidium cattleyanum, Psidium guajava, and Syzygium cumini by hydrodistillation for 3 h and characterized by chromatographic analysis. Larvaes of Aedes aegypti and colonies of Fusarium oxysporum were subjected to increasing EO concentrations to determine the larvicidal and fungicidal potential. The EOs of Eugenia and Psidium species are primarily composed of sesquiterpenes (>80 %), whereas S. cumini EO is rich in monoterpenes (more than 60 %). The Eugenia species had similar amounts of oxygenated monoterpenes, which may explain their higher larvicidal potential compared to other species, with CL50 of 86.68 and 147.46 PPM, respectively. In addition to these two study species, S. cumini showed a high inhibition of fungal growth, with more than 65 % inhibition. We demonstrated that the actions of five EOs from Myrtaceae with different biological activities are associated with chemical diversity.

Sensitivity of the Neotropical Solitary Bee Centris analis F. (Hymenoptera, Apidae) to the Reference Insecticide Dimethoate for Pesticide Risk Assessment.

Currently, only Apis mellifera is used in environmental regulation to evaluate the hazard of pesticides to pollinators. The low representativeness of pollinators and bee diversity in this approach may result in insufficient protection for the wild species. This scenario is intensified in tropical environments, where little is known about the effects of pesticides on solitary bees. We aimed to calculate the medium lethal dose (LD50) and medium lethal concentration (LC50) of the insecticide dimethoate in the Neotropical solitary bee Centris analis, a cavity-nesting, oil-collecting bee distributed from Brazil to Mexico. Males and females of C. analis were exposed orally to dimethoate for 48 h under laboratory conditions. Lethality was assessed every 24 h until 144 h after the beginning of the test. After the LD50 calculation, we compared the value with available LD50 values in the literature of other bee species using the species sensitivity distribution curve. In 48 h of exposure, males showed an LD50 value 1.33 times lower than females (32.78 and 43.84 ng active ingredient/bee, respectively). Centris analis was more sensitive to dimethoate than the model species A. mellifera and the solitary bee from temperate zones, Osmia lignaria. However, on a body weight basis, C. analis and A. mellifera had similar LD50 values. Ours is the first study that calculated an LD50 for a Neotropical solitary bee. Besides, the results are of crucial importance for a better understanding of the effects of pesticides on the tropical bee fauna and will help to improve the risk assessment of pesticides to bees under tropical conditions, giving attention to wild species, which are commonly neglected. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:2758-2767. © 2023 SETAC.

Residential swimming pools maintenance under an environmental perspective.

Swimming pools provides various benefits for users, but their owners need to carry out constant maintenance to ensure water quality and user safety. This paper goal was to assess the maintenance process of residential swimming pools, through Life Cycle Assessment based on NBR ISO 14040:2014 and NBR 14044:2014. The standard steps were followed and primary data on materials and quantities for the treatments were collected during 2022. The purchase costs of the treatment process were obtained, which based the cost analysis. The Impact Assessment Method used was the ReCiPe Endpoint (H) 2016, which assesses damage across three categories. The water, electricity and hypochlorite production processes were the most impactful in the categories of damage to human health, ecosystems and resources availability. These inputs production have an intense natural resources consumption and causes emissions into the environment. The highest expenses in pool maintenance were associated to human resources (worker) and chlorine purchase, followed by electricity. Scenarios were created to identify feasible changes to reduce the impacts. The waiver of water for replacement in the rainy season had greater potential for reducing impacts than the consumption changes in electricity and chlorine.

Sources of Microplastic Generation in the Environment.

The number of scientific papers on microplastics in the environment has grown exponentially [...].

Phenolic-rich extract of Nopalea cochenillifera attenuates gastric lesions induced in experimental models through inhibiting oxidative stress, modulating inflammatory markers and a cytoprotective effect.

Nopalea cochenillifera (Cactaceae), popularly known as "palma" or "palma doce", is from Mexico, but it was widely introduced in Brazil through crops. It has been used as food and in traditional medicine and is a good source of phenolic compounds. In this study the phytochemical profile and gastroprotective activity of phenolic-rich extract of N. cochenillifera in acute gastric lesion models induced by ethanol and indomethacin were evaluated. High-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (HPLC/ESI/MSn) allowed the characterization of 12 compounds such as sugars, phenolics and flavonoids. Among polyphenols, the main peak was assigned to isorhamnetin-3-O-(2'',3''-O-di-rhamnose)-glucoside. The TPC and TFC in the dry extract were 67.85 mg of gallic acid equivalent per g/extract and 46.16 mg quercetin equivalent per g/extract, respectively. In the in vitro MTT assay, the extract showed no cytotoxicity and suppressed ROS levels in LPS-treated RAW 264.7 cells. Preclinical models in rats showed that a dose of 100 mg kg-1 (p < 0.0001) in the ethanol model and doses of 100 mg kg-1 (p < 0.5) and 200 mg kg-1 (p < 0.01) in the indomethacin model reduced the gastric lesions. Also, the extract reduced the MPO, MDA, TNF-α and IL-1ß levels and increased the GSH and IL-10 levels. The pre-treatment with the extract led to the upregulation of SOD and the downregulation of COX-2 by immunohistochemical analysis. It also showed a cytoprotective effect in the histopathological analysis and stimulated the restoration of the mucus content as observed in the periodic acid-Schiff analysis without modifying the pH, volume or total acidity of the gastric juice. Taken together, N. cochenillifera extract can be applied as a novel gastroprotective ingredient for food or pharmaceutical products.

Toxicity and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Phenolic-Rich Extract from Nopalea cochenillifera (Cactaceae): A Preclinical Study on the Prevention of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases.

Phenolic compounds have been scientifically recognized as beneficial to intestinal health. The cactus Nopalea cochenillifera, used as anti-inflammatory in traditional medicine, is a rich source of these bioactive compounds. The present study aimed to investigate the phytochemical profile of N. cochenillifera extract and evaluate its acute toxicity and anti-inflammatory effect on 2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (DNBS)-induced colitis in rats. The total phenolic content per gram of dry extract was 67.85 mg. Through HPLC-IES-MSn, a total of 25 compounds such as saccharides, organic acids, phenolic acids and flavonoids were characterized. The dose of 2000 mg/kg of extract by an oral route showed no signs of toxicity, mortality or significant changes in biochemical and hematological parameters. Regarding intestinal anti-inflammatory effects, animals were treated with three different doses of extract or sulfasalazine. Macroscopic analysis of the colon indicated that the extract decreased the disease activity index. Levels of IL-1ß and TNF-α decreased, IL-10 increased and MDA and MPO enzyme levels decreased when compared with the control group. In addition, a down-regulation of MAPK1/ERK2 and NF-κB p65 pathway markers in colon tissue was observed. The epithelial integrity was improved according to histopathological and immunohistological analysis. Thus, the extract provided strong preclinical evidence of being effective in maintaining the remission of colitis.

Mechanical and morphological responses of osteoblast-like cells to two-photon polymerized microgrooved surfaces.

Microgrooved surfaces are recognized as an important strategy of tissue engineering to promote the alignment of bone cells. In this work, we have investigated the mechanical and morphological aspects of osteoblasts cells after interaction with different micro-structured polymeric surfaces. Femtosecond laser writing technique was used for the construction of circular and parallel microgrooved patterns in biocompatible polymeric surfaces based on pentaerythritol triacrylate. Additionally, we have studied the influence of the biocompatible TiO2 nanocrystals (NCs) related to the cell behavior, when incorporated to the photoresin. The atomic force microscopy technique was used to investigate the biomechanical reaction of the human osteoblast-like MG-63 cells for the different microgroove. It was demonstrated that osteoblasts grown on circular microgrooved surfaces exhibited significantly larger Young's modulus compared to cells sown on flat films. Furthermore, we could observe that TiO2 NCs improved the circular microgrooves effects, resulting in more populated sites, 34% more elongated cells, and increasing the cell stiffness by almost 160%. These results can guide the design and construction of effective scaffold surfaces with circular microgrooves for tissue engineering and bone regeneration.

Qualidade de vida de trabalhadoras da saúde no contexto da pandemia de Covid-19 / Quality of life of female health workers in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic / Calidad de vida de las trabajadoras de salud en el contexto de la pandemia de Covid-19

A questão de gênero é apontada como influenciadora do processo de adoecimento, com desafios de conciliação dos papéis da mulher atual. Objetivo: estudar percepção de qualidade de vida de trabalhadoras da saúde no contexto da pandemia de COVID-19, descrevendo dados do cenário vivenciado no processo de enfrentamento institucional. Metodologia: estudo descritivo, com base em atividades de promoção à saúde ocupacional, com adesão exclusivamente feminina, que sofreram modificações com a pandemia. A manutenção das ações ocorreu através de levantamento da qualidade de vida (QV), com questões sociodemográficas associadas ao WHOQOL-Bref da OMS, estruturado em domínios ­ físico, psicológico, relações sociais e meio ambiente ­ e oferta de auriculoterapia, caso necessário. Variáveis foram analisadas com teste Kruskal-Wallis, significância de 5% (p < 0,05) e teste de Spearman, aplicado para correlação entre domínios. Resultados: a QV foi tida como regular na amostra de 119 trabalhadoras, com predominância da faixa etária até 60 anos, casadas, sem fatores de risco, com filhos, todos maiores de 18 na maioria. Observou-se: pior média no domínio de meio ambiente (3,29) e melhor no de relações sociais (3,77); correlação positiva principalmente entre os domínios de meio ambiente com físico e de relações sociais com psicológico; menor QV com fatores de risco (3,47); piores domínios físicos até 60 anos (3,51) e com pelo menos um filho menor de 18 (3,41); indiferenças para número de filhos e situação conjugal. Conclusão: é relevante explorar fatores que interfiram na QV de trabalhadoras, considerando diferenças regionais. A área da saúde é predominantemente feminina, estratégias individuais, coletivas e organizacionais devem ser elaboradas a fim de acompanhar o fluxo e oferecer suporte. Acredita-se que questões inerentes ao domínio de relações sociais possam atuar de forma protetiva para outros domínios, contribuindo para adaptações e enfrentamento diante dos desafios.

The gender issue is identified as influencing the illness process, with challenges in reconciling the roles of the women's current scenario. Objective: to study the perception of quality of life of female health workers in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, describing data from the scenario experienced in the process of institutional confrontation. Methodology: descriptive study, based on occupational health promotion activities, with exclusively female membership, which underwent changes with the pandemic. The maintenance of actions occurred through the survey of quality of life (Q.L.), with sociodemographic questions associated with the WHOQOL-Bref of the OMS, maintained in domains ­ physical, psychological, social relations and environment ­ and offer of auriculotherapy if it's necessary. Variables were followed with Kruskal- Wallis test, significance of 5% (p < 0.05) and Spearman test, applied for therapy between domains. Results: Q.L. was considered regular in the sample of 119 female workers, with a predominance of the age group up to 60 years old, married, without risk factors, with children, most of them over 18. It was observed: worst average in the environment domain (3.29) and best in social relationships (3.77); positive correlation mainly between the domains of environment with physical and social relationships with psychological; lower Q.L. with risk factors (3.47); worst physical domains up to 60 years old (3.51) and with at least one child under 18 (3.41); indifference to number of children and marital status. Conclusion: it is relevant to explore factors that interfere with the Q.L. of female workers, considering regional differences. The health area is predominantly female, individual, collective and organizational strategies must be developed in order to follow the flow and offer support. It is believed that issues inherent to the domain of social relationships can act in a protective way for other domains, contributing to adaptations and coping with challenges.

La cuestión de género es identificada como influyente en el proceso de la enfermedad, con desafíos en la conciliación de los papeles del escenario actual de las mujeres. Objetivo: estudiar la percepción de calidad de vida de las trabajadoras de salud en el contexto de la pandemia de COVID-19, describiendo datos del escenario vivido en el proceso de enfrentamiento institucional. Metodología: estudio descriptivo, basado en actividades de promoción de la salud ocupacional, con adhesión exclusivamente femenina, que sufrió cambios con la pandemia. El mantenimiento de las acciones ocurrió a través de la encuesta de calidad de vida (Q.L.), con preguntas sociodemográficas asociadas al WHOQOL-Bref de la OMS, mantenidas en dominios - físico, psicológico, relaciones sociales y ambiente - y oferta de auriculoterapia si fuera necesario. Las variables fueron seguidas con test de Kruskal-Wallis, significancia del 5% (p < 0,05) y test de Spearman, aplicado para terapia entre dominios. Resultados: Q.L. fue considerada regular en la muestra de 119 trabajadoras, con predominio del grupo de edad hasta 60 años, casadas, sin factores de riesgo, con hijos, la mayoría mayor de 18 años. Se observó: peor promedio en el dominio ambiente (3,29) y mejor en relaciones sociales (3,77); correlación positiva principalmente entre los dominios ambiente con físico y relaciones sociales con psicológico; menor Q.L. con factores de riesgo (3,47); peores dominios físico hasta 60 años (3,51) y con al menos un hijo menor de 18 años (3,41); indiferencia por número de hijos y estado civil. Conclusión: es relevante explorar los factores que interfieren en la Q.L. de las trabajadoras, considerando las diferencias regionales. El área de salud es predominantemente femenina, se deben desarrollar estrategias individuales, colectivas y organizacionales para acompañar el flujo y ofrecer apoyo. Se considera que cuestiones inherentes al dominio de las relaciones sociales pueden actuar de forma protectora para otros dominios, contribuyendo para adaptaciones y enfrentamiento de desafíos.

A colaboração interprofissional no programa de educação pelo trabalho para a saúde / La colaboración interprofesional en el programa de educación por el trabajo para la salud / Interprofessional collaboration in the program for education at work for health1

RESUMO Objetivo: identificar os elementos das dimensões colaborativas interprofissionais presentes nos projetos institucionais a serem desenvolvidos no Programa de Educação pelo Trabalho para a Saúde. Método: estudo documental de abordagem qualitativa. A fonte documental consiste em cinco projetos de intervenção elaborados por cinco Universidades Federais da região Nordeste para serem desenvolvidos no Programa de Educação pelo Trabalho para a Saúde Interprofissionalidade. Os dados foram coletados e analisados entre julho de 2020 a março de 2021, com aplicação de matriz de coleta, de elaboração própria. Com auxílio de um software, o estudo está alicerçado no referencial de D'Amour para fins de estabelecimento de categorias conforme preconizadas nas etapas estabelecidas por Bardin. Foram assegurados os aspectos éticos para a pesquisa. Resultados: Foram identificados elementos das dimensões colaborativas do modelo de D'Amour nos 5 projetos, tais como: metas e orientação centrada no usuário; convivência mútua; confiança; ferramentas de formalização; intercâmbio de informações; centralidade e liderança; suporte à inovação e conectividade. Considerações finais: os projetos de intervenção elaborados pelas universidades possuem elementos indutores da Colaboração Interprofissional. No entanto, precisam ser melhor explicitadas as intervenções voltadas para a estruturação do atendimento colaborativo e exercício para a liderança.

RESUMEN Objetivo: identificar los elementos de las dimensiones colaborativas interprofesionales presentes en los proyectos institucionales que se desarrollarán en el Programa de Educación por el Trabajo para la Salud. Método: estudio documental de enfoque cualitativo. La fuente documental consiste en cinco proyectos de intervención elaborados por cinco Universidades Federales de la región Nordeste de Brasil que se desarrollarán en el Programa de Educación por el Trabajo para la Salud Interprofesionalidad. Los datos fueron recogidos y analizados entre julio de 2020 y marzo de 2021, con aplicación de matriz de recolección y elaboración propia. Con ayuda de un software, el estudio está basado en el referencial de D'Amour para fines de establecimiento de categorías conforme preconizadas en las etapas establecidas por Bardin. Se aseguraron los aspectos éticos para la investigación. Resultados: se identificaron elementos de las dimensiones colaborativas del modelo de D'Amour en los 5 proyectos, tales como metas y orientación centrada en el usuario; convivencia mutua; confianza; herramientas de formalización; intercambio de información; centralidad y liderazgo; apoyo a la innovación y la conectividad. Consideraciones finales: los proyectos de intervención elaborados por las universidades poseen elementos inductores de la Colaboración Interprofesional. Sin embargo, necesitan ser mejor explicitadas las intervenciones dirigidas a la estructuración de la atención colaborativa y el ejercicio para el liderazgo.

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify elements from the interprofessional collaborative dimensions in the institutional projects to be developed in the program for education at work for health. Method: Document study with a quantitative approach. The document source includes five intervention projects elaborated by five federal universities from the Brazilian northeast, to be developed in the interprofessional program for education at work for health. Data was collected and analyzed from July 2020 to March 2021, through the application of a collection tool elaborated by the authors. The study, conducted with the aid of software, is based on D'Amour references to establish categories according to the stages elaborated by Bardin. The ethical aspects of the research were guaranteed. Results: We identified elements of the collaborative dimensions of the model by D'Amour in the five projects, such as: goals and user-focused guidance; mutual socialization; trust; formalization tools; information exchange; centrality and leadership; support to innovation and connectivity. Final considerations: intervention projects elaborated by the universities have elements conducive to Interprofessional Collaboration. However, interventions targeted at structuring collaborative care and exercising leadership must be better elaborated.

Mortalidade por doenças do aparelho circulatório no estado de Pernambuco: 2010 a 2019 / Mortality due to circulatory apparatus diseases in the state of Pernambuco: 2010 to 2019

Objetivo: analisar a mortalidade por doenças do aparelho circulatório no estado de Pernambuco. Métodos: estudo ecológico, com dados secundários do Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade e do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatísticas, referentes aos anos de 2010 a 2019. Para a análise dos dados, foram utilizados o software Microsoft Excel 2007 e o software SIG QGIS 3.16, sendo apresentados em gráficos, tabelas e mapa temático. Resultados: o estado de Pernambuco não apresentou uma tendência constante no número de óbitos por doenças do aparelho circulatório, variando ao decorrer dos anos analisados no estudo. A mortalidade foi maior na população masculina (51,35%), negra (63,07%) e na faixa etária de 60 anos e mais (78,02%). Conclusões: a distribuição dos óbitos não foi uniforme no território estadual, sendo fundamental a construção do perfil de mortalidade para a identificação de população e grupos vulneráveis, direcionando a implementação e desenvolvimento de políticas públicas.

Objective: to analyze mortality from circulatory system diseases in the state of Pernambuco. Methods: ecological study, with secondary data from the Mortality Information System and the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics, for the years 2010 to 2019. For data analysis, Microsoft Excel 2007 software and SIG QGIS 3.16 software were used, which is presented in graphs, tables, and thematic maps. Results: the state of Pernambuco did not show a constant trend in the number of deaths from diseases of the circulatory system, varying over of the years analyzed in the study. Mortality was higher in the male population (51,35%), black (63,07%), and in the age group of 60 years and over (78,02%). Conclusion: the distribution of deaths was not uniform across the state territory, making it essential to build a mortality profile for the identification of vulnerable populations and groups, guiding the implementation and development of public policies.

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy or upfront surgery in localized pancreatic cancer: a contemporary analysis.

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is considered a new treatment option for potentially resectable pancreatic cancer. However, data are not well established on overall survival and delaying surgery in resectable pancreatic cancer, as well as on those patients that ultimately cannot undergo surgery. We analyzed pancreatic cancer patients treated in a tertiary hospital from January 2016 to December 2020. Patients with resectable stage I and II pancreatic cancer were evaluated regarding surgery, neoadjuvant treatment, and other clinical demographics. The survival function was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and the relationship between the variables of interest and the overall survival (OS) was assessed by adopting the proportional regression Cox models. A total of 216 patients were evaluated. 81 of them with resectable/borderline resectable disease and 135 with unresectable /metastatic disease at diagnosis. Median OS for stage I and II disease were 36 and 28 months, respectively. For resectable pancreatic cancer median OS was 28 months, for borderline resectable pancreatic cancer median OS was 11 months. Median OS for stage III (locally advanced) and stage IV (metastatic) were 10 and 7 months, respectively (p < 0.0001). Median OS of 9 months were obtained for patients with stage I and II that did not undergo surgery compared to 25 months in patients that underwent surgery in any time (p < 0.001). Comparing patients with localized disease, median OS for patients treated with upfront surgery was 28 months, compared to 15 months in patients treated with neoadjuvant approach (p = 0.04). Most patients that did not undergo surgery have decline of performance status or disease progression on neoadjuvant treatment. On multivariable analysis in pancreatic cancer stages I and II, including age, sex, borderline or resectable disease, CA 19-9, positive lymph nodes and neoadjuvant treatment, the surgery was the only factor associated with improved overall survival (p = 0.04). Upfront surgery should still be considered a standard of care approach for resectable pancreatic cancer. Biomarker driven studies and randomized trials with combination therapies are necessary to address neoadjuvant chemotherapy and delaying surgery in purely resectable pancreatic cancer.

Krüppel-like factor 6 participates in extravillous trophoblast cell differentiation and its expression is reduced in abnormally invasive placenta.

Trophoblast cell differentiation is of paramount importance for successful pregnancy. Krüppel-like factor 6 (KLF6), a transcription factor with diverse roles in cell physiology and tumor biology, is required for trophoblast differentiation through the syncytial pathway. Herein, we demonstrate that extravillous trophoblast (EVT) cell migration and mesenchymal phenotype are increased upon KLF6 downregulation or the expression of a deletion mutant lacking its transcriptional regulatory domain (KΔac). Raman spectroscopy revealed molecular modifications compatible with increased differentiation in cells stably expressing the KΔac mutant. Moreover, abnormally invasive placenta showed lower KLF6 immunostaining compared with the normal placenta. Thus, impaired KLF6 expression or function stimulates EVT migration and differentiation in vitro and may contribute to the physiopathology of the abnormally invasive placenta.

Training of teachers in the Health field from the perspective of interprofessional education.

OBJECTIVES: to reflect on the training of teachers in the field of health from the perspective of interprofessional education. METHODS: an essay based on the dialogue between the scientific literature, the health education inducing policies, and studies in the fields of research and teaching activities in pedagogical projects based on interprofessional education. RESULTS: teaching in health is revealed as a social practice that is built on multiple collaborative movements and training moments. In this sense, the presence of echoes and resonances of the inducing policies necessary for the reorientation of health education in the proposals for teacher development is recognized.

Tuning the photoluminescence by engineering surface states/size of S, N co-doped carbon dots for cellular imaging applications.

In this research, we have synthesized carbon dots (CDs) co-doped with nitrogen and sulfur by facile hydrothermal method, using citric acid and cysteine as carbon source. The effect of solid-state thermic treatment (STT) at 303-453 K on the size, surface, fluorescence and cellular cytotoxicity of the CDs were systematically investigated. Through a simple STT, it was possible to tune surface states and the average size of the CDs, causing a permanent red shift. Initially, CDs showed a decrease in cell viability with increasing concentration. However, after STT, its viability remained constant with an increase in concentration. Here, we show the possibility to label the cells cytoplasm according to the CDs fluorescence emission before (blue emission) and after STT (red emission). The CDs studied in this paper show selective luminescence properties, which are fundamental for any cell imaging application.