ABSTRACT
The lumbar pseudomeningocele (PSM) is an uncommon condition, mainly, after a lumbar blunt trauma. The authors present a rare case of PSM following a lumbar blunt trauma which did not show any abnormalities in the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the lumbar region. Firstly, the patient underwent to conservative treatment that fail and then it was performed a surgical approach of the lumbar area, however, the lumbar fluid collection appeared again and a lumboperitoneal shunt (LPS) was then performed with complete successful. One year and half afterwards the LPS the patient continues asymptomatic. The standard treatment of this condition remains uncertain, but the conservative treatment followed by LPS is a good option and can be done in several cases.
A pseudomeningocele lombar é uma condição incomum, principalmente após trauma lombar fechado. Os autores apresentam um caso raro de pseudomeningocele lombar após trauma lombar fechado que não apresentou alterações na ressonância magnética da região lombar. Primeiramente, o paciente foi submetido ao tratamento conservador que falhou, sendo submetido, em seguida, à abordagem cirúrgica da região lombar, entretanto, a coleção lombar fluida apareceu novamente, sendo, então, realizada uma derivação lomboperitoneal com remissão completa da coleção. Um ano e meio após a derivação lomboperitoneal, o paciente permanece assintomático. O tratamento padrão dessa patologia ainda permanece incerto, mas o tratamento conservador seguido de derivação lomboperitoneal é uma boa opção e pode ser feito em certos casos.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Meningocele/surgery , Meningocele/etiology , Meningocele/therapy , Spinal Injuries/complications , Fistula , Lumbosacral RegionABSTRACT
The prime objective in the surgical treatment of basilar impression (BI), Chiari malformation (CM), and/or syringomyelia (SM) is based on restoration of the normal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) dynamics at the craniovertebral junction and creation of a large artificial cisterna magna, avoiding the caudal migration of the hindbrain. It is observed that a large craniectomy might facilitate an upward migration of the posterior fossa structures. There are many surgical techniques to decompress the posterior fossa; however, a gold standard approach remains unclear. The authors present the results of 192 cases of BI, CM, and SM treated between 1975 and 2008 and whose surgical treatment was characterized by a large craniectomy without tonsillectomy with the patient in the sitting position, large opening of the fourth ventricle, and duraplasty.
Subject(s)
Arnold-Chiari Malformation/surgery , Craniotomy/methods , Fourth Ventricle/surgery , Platybasia/surgery , Syringomyelia/surgery , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Child , Child, Preschool , Dura Mater/surgery , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , Young AdultABSTRACT
The prime objective in the surgical treatment of basilar impression (BI), Chiari malformation (CM), and/or syringomyelia (SM) is based on restoration of the normal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) dynamics at the craniovertebral junction and creation of a large artificial cisterna magna, avoiding the caudal migration of the hindbrain. It is observed that a large craniectomy might facilitate an upward migration of the posterior fossa structures. There are many surgical techniques to decompress the posterior fossa; however, a gold standard approach remains unclear. The authors present the results of 192 cases of BI, CM, and SM treated between 1975 and 2008 and whose surgical treatment was characterized by a large craniectomy without tonsillectomy with the patient in the sitting position, large opening of the fourth ventricle, and duraplasty.
O principal objetivo no tratamento cirúrgico da impressão basilar, malformação de Chiari e/ou siringomielia fundamenta-se na restauração da dinâmica do líquido cefalorraqueano ao nível da transição craniovertebral e criação de cisterna magna ampla. Isto é fator importante para evitar a migração caudal das estruturas da fossa posterior. A craniectomia ampla facilita a migração cranial dessas estruturas. Existem várias técnicas cirúrgicas para descomprimir a fossa posterior, mas não há evidência sobre qual a melhor.. Os autores apresentam os resultados de 192 casos de impressão basilar, malformação de Chiari e siringomielia, operados entre 1975 e 2008, nos quais o tratamento cirúrgico se baseou em ampla craniectomia com o paciente em posição sentada, sem tonsilectomia, abertura ampla do quarto ventrículo e enxerto dural.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Arnold-Chiari Malformation/surgery , Craniotomy/methods , Fourth Ventricle/surgery , Platybasia/surgery , Syringomyelia/surgery , Dura Mater/surgery , Retrospective Studies , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Objective: The objective of this paper is to analyze the surgical treatment of impacted cisterna magna without syringomyelia (SM) associated or not with basilar impression (BI) and/or Chiari malformation (CM). Method: The authors present, in this work, the results of five cases with impacted cisterna magna without SM which were associated with BI in four cases, tonsillar herniation in three patients when they were in the sitting position and in the other two cases there was not herniation in the sitting position. Results: The surgical treatment was characterized by a large craniectomy with the patient in the sitting position, tonsillectomy, large opening of the fourth ventricle and duraplasty with creation of a large artificial cisterna magna. An upward migration of the posterior fossa structures was detected by postoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Conclusion: The surgical treatment of impacted cisterna magna without SM remains unclear, however, a large craniectomy associated with tonsillectomy and creation of a large cisterna magna showed good results and a tendency of upward migration of the posterior fossa structures...
Objetivo: O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar o tratamento cirúrgico da cisterna magna impactada sem siringomielia, associada ou não com impressão basilar e malformação de Chiari. Método: Os autores apresentam os resultados de cinco casos de cisterna magna impactada associada com impressão basilar em quatro casos, com herniação tonsilar em três casos na posição sentada e em dois outros não havia herniação tonsilar na posição sentada. Resultados: O tratamento cirúrgico foi caracterizado por ampla craniectomia suboccipital com o paciente em posição sentada, tonsilectomia, abertura ampla do quarto ventrículo e enxerto dural com consequente criação de ampla cisterna magna artificial. Uma significante migração cranial das estruturas da fossa posterior foi detectada pelo emprego pós-operatório da ressonância nuclear magnética. Conclusão: O tratamento cirúrgico da cisterna magna impactada sem siringomielia permanece incerto, entretanto uma craniectomia ampla associada à tonsilectomia e criação de uma cisterna magna ampla mostrou bons resultados e tendência à migração cranial das estruturas da fossa posterior...
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Arnold-Chiari Malformation , Cisterna Magna/surgery , Decompressive Craniectomy , Platybasia , TonsillectomySubject(s)
Male , Female , Humans , Neurology , Mental Health , Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant/therapy , Intracranial Pressure , Nervous SystemABSTRACT
The prime objective in the surgical treatment of basilar impression (BI), Chiari malformation (CM) and/or syringomyelia (SM) is based on the restoration of the normal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) dynamics at the craniovertebral junction through the creation of a large artificial cisterna magna. A small suboccipital craniectomy has been emphasized to avoid caudal migration of the hindbrain structures into the vertebral canal. Nevertheless, the results showed downward migration of the hindbrain related to that type of craniectomy. The authors present, otherwise, the results of 104 cases of BI, CM and/or SM, whose surgical treatment was characterized by a large craniectomy with the patient in the sitting position, tonsillectomy, large opening of the fourth ventricle and duraplasty with creation of a large artificial cisterna magna. A significant upward migration of the posterior fossa structures was detected by postoperative magnetic resonance imaging.
O principal objetivo no tratamento cirúrgico da impressão basilar, malformação de Chiari e/ou siringomielia fundamenta-se na restauração dinâmica do líquido cefalorraqueano ao nível da transição craniovertebral e criação de ampla cisterna magna. Uma craniectomia suboccipital de pequenas dimensões foi proposta para evitar a migração caudal de estruturas rombencefálicas no canal vertebral. Entretanto, os resultados evidenciaram migração caudal do rombencéfalo. Os autores apresentam, por outro lado, os resultados de 104 casos de malformação de Chiari e/ou siringomielia, nos quais o tratamento cirúrgico se baseou em ampla craniectomia com o paciente em posição sentada, tonsilectomia, abertura ampla do quarto ventrículo e enxerto dural com consequente criação de ampla cisterna magna. Uma significante migração cranial das estruturas da fossa posterior foi detectada pelo emprego pós-operatório da ressonância magnética.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Arnold-Chiari Malformation/surgery , Decompression, Surgical/methods , Platybasia/surgery , Syringomyelia/surgery , Tonsillectomy/methods , Craniotomy , Follow-Up Studies , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Retrospective Studies , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
The authors describe ten cases of syringomyelia without hindbrain herniation depicted by preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in supine position. However, the herniation was observed in all cases during the operation with the patient in sitting position. The postoperative MRI revealed an intense reduction of the syrinx in all patients, as well as it was also observed a clinical amelioration in all cases. The surgical treatment was based on a large craniectomy with the patient in sitting position, tonsillectomy, large opening of the fourth ventricle and duraplasty with creation of a large cisterna magna.
Subject(s)
Arnold-Chiari Malformation/surgery , Cranial Fossa, Posterior/surgery , Decompressive Craniectomy/methods , Dura Mater/surgery , Syringomyelia/surgery , Adult , Arnold-Chiari Malformation/complications , Female , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Male , Middle Aged , Patient Positioning , Retrospective Studies , Syringomyelia/etiology , Treatment OutcomeSubject(s)
Arnold-Chiari Malformation/surgery , Brain Stem/pathology , Cerebellar Diseases/etiology , Platybasia/surgery , Spinal Cord Diseases/etiology , Atrophy , Cerebellar Diseases/diagnosis , Female , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Middle Aged , Spinal Cord Diseases/diagnosis , Tissue Adhesions/diagnosis , Tissue Adhesions/etiology , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
The authors describe ten cases of syringomyelia without hindbrain herniation depicted by preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in supine position. However, the herniation was observed in all cases during the operation with the patient in sitting position. The postoperative MRI revealed an intense reduction of the syrinx in all patients, as well as it was also observed a clinical amelioration in all cases. The surgical treatment was based on a large craniectomy with the patient in sitting position, tonsillectomy, large opening of the fourth ventricle and duraplasty with creation of a large cisterna magna.
Os autores descrevem 10 casos de siringomielia sem herniação do rombencéfalo, observada na ressonância magnética realizada em decúbito dorsal. Por outro lado, a herniação foi observada em todos os pacientes durante a operação com o paciente em posição sentada. A ressonância magnética pós-operatória evidenciou redução da cavidade siringomiélica nos dez pacientes, bem como foi observada melhora clínica em todos os casos. O tratamento cirúrgico consistiu de craniectomia ampla da fossa posterior, tonsilectomia, abertura ampla do quarto ventrículo e duroplastia com a criação de ampla cisterna magna.
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Arnold-Chiari Malformation/surgery , Cranial Fossa, Posterior/surgery , Decompressive Craniectomy/methods , Dura Mater/surgery , Syringomyelia/surgery , Arnold-Chiari Malformation/complications , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Patient Positioning , Retrospective Studies , Syringomyelia/etiology , Treatment OutcomeSubject(s)
Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Arnold-Chiari Malformation/surgery , Brain Stem/pathology , Cerebellar Diseases/etiology , Platybasia/surgery , Spinal Cord Diseases/etiology , Atrophy , Cerebellar Diseases/diagnosis , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Spinal Cord Diseases/diagnosis , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Tissue Adhesions/diagnosis , Tissue Adhesions/etiologyABSTRACT
A 29-year-old woman with acute lancinating headache, throbbed nuchal pain and subacute paraparesis underwent brain MRI in supine position that depicted: the absence of the cisterna magna, filled by non herniated cerebellar tonsils and compression of the brain stem and cisternae of the posterior fossa, which are aspects of the impacted cisterna magna without syringomyelia and without hydrocephalus. During eight days, pain was constant and resistant to drug treatment. Osteodural-neural decompression of the posterior fossa, performed with the patient in sitting position, revealed: compression of the brainstem, fourth ventricle and foramen of Magendie by herniated cerebellar tonsils, which were aspirated. Immediately after surgery, the headache and nuchal pain remmited. MRI depicted the large created cisterna magna and also that the cerebellar tonsils did not compress the fourth ventricle, the foramen of Magendie and the brainstem, besides the enlargement of posterior fossa cisternae. Four months after surgery, headache, nuchal pain and paraparesis had disappeared but hyperactive patellar and Achilles reflexes remained.
Uma paciente de 29 anos de idade com quadro agudo de cefaléia lancinante, dor terebrante na nuca e paraparesia subaguda foi submetida a RM do encéfalo, em posição supina, que revelou: ausência da cisterna magna, preenchida por tonsilas cerebelares não herniadas e compressão do tronco encefálico e das cisternas da fossa posterior, compatíveis com o diagnóstico de cisterna magna impactada sem siringomielia e sem hidrocefalia. Por oito dias a dor foi constante e resistente aos analgésicos. Com a paciente em posição sentada, foi realizada descompressão osteodural-neural da fossa posterior associada a aspiração das tonsilas cerebelares. Os achados perioperatórios foram caracterizados por herniação das tonsilas cerebelares que comprimiam o tronco cerebral, o quarto ventrículo e o forame de Magendie. No pós-operatório imediato houve remissão da cefaléia e da dor na nuca. A RM evidenciou a cisterna magna recém-criada, alargamento do quarto ventrículo e das cisternas do tronco encefálico. Quatro meses depois, a paciente continuava sem cefaléia, sem dor na nuca e sem paraparesia. Entretanto, permaneceu a hiperatividade dos reflexos patelares e aquileus.
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Amygdala/pathology , Cisterna Magna/abnormalities , Headache/etiology , Neck Pain/etiology , Paraparesis/etiology , Acute Disease , Amygdala/surgery , Cisterna Magna/surgery , Decompression, Surgical , Headache/surgery , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Neck Pain/surgery , Paraparesis/surgeryABSTRACT
A 29-year-old woman with acute lancinating headache, throbbed nuchal pain and subacute paraparesis underwent brain MRI in supine position that depicted: the absence of the cisterna magna, filled by non herniated cerebellar tonsils and compression of the brain stem and cisternae of the posterior fossa, which are aspects of the impacted cisterna magna without syringomyelia and without hydrocephalus. During eight days, pain was constant and resistant to drug treatment. Osteodural-neural decompression of the posterior fossa, performed with the patient in sitting position, revealed: compression of the brainstem, fourth ventricle and foramen of Magendie by herniated cerebellar tonsils, which were aspirated. Immediately after surgery, the headache and nuchal pain remmited. MRI depicted the large created cisterna magna and also that the cerebellar tonsils did not compress the fourth ventricle, the foramen of Magendie and the brainstem, besides the enlargement of posterior fossa cisternae. Four months after surgery, headache, nuchal pain and paraparesis had disappeared but hyperactive patellar and Achilles reflexes remained.
Subject(s)
Amygdala/pathology , Cisterna Magna/abnormalities , Headache/etiology , Neck Pain/etiology , Paraparesis/etiology , Acute Disease , Adult , Amygdala/surgery , Cisterna Magna/surgery , Decompression, Surgical , Female , Headache/surgery , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Neck Pain/surgery , Paraparesis/surgeryABSTRACT
We report on a 48 years-old man with basilar impression without syringohydromyelia, in which the cisterna magna was impacted by the cerebellar tonsils. Six months after posterior fossa decompression there was the disappearance of nuchal rigidity, vertigo, spastic paraparesis and improvement of balance. Nevertheless hyperreflexia and diminished pallesthesia of the lower limbs persisted.
O presente relato descreve um homem de 48 anos com impressão basilar, sem siringo-hidromielia, no qual a cisterna magna se achava impactada pelas tonsilas cerebelares. O quadro clínico era caracterizado, especialmente, por paraparesia espástica. Seis meses após a descompressão da fossa posterior houve regressão da rigidez de nuca, vertigem, paraparesia espástica inicialmente observadas e melhora do equilíbrio. A hiperreflexia e a hipopalestesia persistiram nos membros inferiores.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Arnold-Chiari Malformation/diagnosis , Cisterna Magna , Paraparesis, Spastic/diagnosis , Platybasia/diagnosis , Arnold-Chiari Malformation/complications , Arnold-Chiari Malformation/surgery , Decompression, Surgical , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Paraparesis, Spastic/etiology , Paraparesis, Spastic/surgery , Platybasia/complications , Platybasia/surgeryABSTRACT
We report on a 49 year old man with impacted cisterna magna without the presence of syringohydromyelie (SM). The clinical picture was characterized by spastic paraparesis. Magnetic resonance imaging depicted a cisterna magna filled by the cerebellar tonsils. Six months after osteodural-neural decompression of the posterior fossa there was resolution of neurological symptoms and signs with the exception of hyperactive patellar and Achilles reflexes.
Hans Chiari (1891, 1895) descreveu 4 tipos de anomalias cerebelares que, ulteriormente, foram denominadas de malformação de Chiari (MC). Iskandar et al. (1998) relataram 5 casos de hidrosiringomielia (SM) sem herniação rombencefálica, nos quais as tonsilas cerebelares preenchiam a cisterna magna. Todos os casos melhoraram após a descompressão da fossa posterior com redução do tamanho da cavidade siringomiélica. Relatamos o caso de paciente de 49 anos com cisterna magna impactada sem a presença de siringo-hidromielia (SM). O quadro clínico caracterizava-se por paraparesia espástica. A ressonância magnética evidenciou a cisterna magna preenchida pelas tonsilas cerebelares. Seis meses após a descompressão osteodural-neural da fossa posterior, houve resolução dos sintomas e sinais neurológicos, com exceção da hiperatividade dos reflexos patelares e aquileus.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Arnold-Chiari Malformation/diagnosis , Cisterna Magna , Paraparesis, Spastic/diagnosis , Arnold-Chiari Malformation/complications , Arnold-Chiari Malformation/surgery , Decompression, Surgical , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Paraparesis, Spastic/etiology , Paraparesis, Spastic/surgeryABSTRACT
Relata-se um caso de metástase intramedular de neoplasia da glândula tireóide em uma mulher de 70 anos queixando-se há três meses de dor cervical intensa, sem déficit motor focal nem alterações de sensibilidade. Seis meses antes do início dos sintomas, a paciente foi submetida a tireoidectomia total para ressecção de adenocarcinoma tireoideano. Ressonância magnética com contraste gadolíneo mostrou lesão intramedular. Foi realizada ressecção parcial do tumor medular que revelou ao exame anatomopatológico adenocarcinoma metastático. No pós-operatório a paciente desenvolveu monoplegia crural à esquerda.
Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Adenocarcinoma/secondary , Spinal Cord Neoplasms/secondary , Thyroid Neoplasms/pathology , Adenocarcinoma/surgery , Cervical Vertebrae , Fatal Outcome , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Spinal Cord Neoplasms/diagnosis , Spinal Cord Neoplasms/surgery , Thyroidectomy , Thyroid Neoplasms/surgeryABSTRACT
UNLABELLED: Strokes are one of the most common causes of mortality and long term severe disability. Risk factors for stroke include: age, gender, diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension, and many others. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate obesity and hypertension in patients affected by acute ischemic stroke. METHOD: We compared the anthropometric variables between type II diabetic patients and non-diabetic patients. We evaluated a total of 60 patients, divided into two groups: 34 non-diabetic patients and a group of 26 type II diabetic subjects. RESULTS: The predominance of obesity, as well as hypertension, was very high among the studied groups, presenting no differences among the waist-hip ratio (WHR) values of the study group compared to the ones of the control group. CONCLUSION: The predominance of obesity was very high among the studied groups and there was prevalence the android type obesity. There was no significative difference in the anthropometric evaluation by the measurement of WHR and the waist in the groups.
Subject(s)
Anthropometry , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications , Diabetic Angiopathies/etiology , Hypertension/complications , Obesity/diagnosis , Stroke/etiology , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Body Mass Index , Case-Control Studies , Chi-Square Distribution , Diabetic Angiopathies/diagnosis , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Obesity/complications , Risk Factors , Sex Factors , Stroke/diagnosis , Waist-Hip RatioABSTRACT
O acidente vascular cerebral (AVC) é uma das causas mais freqüentes de mortalidade e de incapacidade. Os fatores de risco para o AVC incluem idade, gênero, diabetes mellitus (DM), hipertensão arterial e muitos outros. OBJETIVO: Avaliar obesidade e hipertensão arterial em pacientes diabéticos acometidos por AVC isquêmico (AVC-I) agudo. MÉTODO: Comparar as variáveis antropométricas entre pacientes diabéticos (grupo estudo) e não diabéticos (grupo controle). Avaliamos um total de 60 pacientes divididos em dois grupos: 34 pacientes não diabéticos e 26 pacientes com DM tipo 2. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de obesidade foi muito elevada entre os grupos estudados, assim como a hipertensão, não havendo diferença entre os valores da relação abdome-quadril (RAQ) do grupo estudo comparando com a do grupo controle. CONCLUSÃO: A prevalência de obesidade foi muito elevada entre os grupos estudados e houve predomínio de obesidade do tipo andróide. Não houve diferença significativa na avaliação antropométrica pela medida da RAQ e da cintura entre os grupos.
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Anthropometry , /complications , Diabetic Angiopathies/etiology , Hypertension/complications , Obesity/diagnosis , Stroke/etiology , Body Mass Index , Case-Control Studies , Chi-Square Distribution , Diabetic Angiopathies/diagnosis , Obesity/complications , Risk Factors , Sex Factors , Stroke/diagnosis , Waist-Hip RatioABSTRACT
We describe a rare case of a 30 year-old woman with intense vertiginous sensation, lack of body balance and a tendency to fall backwards, making it necessary for two people to sustain her. The magnetic resonance imaging of the craniocervical junction evidenced tonsilar herniation at the inferior level of C1, and during the operation performed in sitting position, we observed crowding of the cerebellar tonsils at the level of C3. After the osteo-dural-neural decompression, the symptomatology remitted on the same day of the operation.