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1.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; Arq. bras. cardiol;119(2): 282-291, ago. 2022. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1383757

ABSTRACT

Resumo Fundamento Apenas dois artigos abordam os resultados precoces de pacientes com síndrome do coração esquerdo hipoplásico (SHCE) submetidos à operação de Norwood, no Brasil. Objetivos Avaliamos pacientes com SHCE submetidos ao primeiro estágio da operação de Norwood para identificar os fatores preditivos de mortalidade precoce (nos primeiros 30 dias após a cirurgia) e intermediária (desde a sobrevida precoce até o procedimento de Glenn). Métodos Foram incluídos pacientes com SHCE submetidos em nosso serviço ao primeiro estágio da operação de Norwood de janeiro de 2016 a abril de 2019. Dados demográficos, anatômicos e cirúrgicos foram analisados. Os desfechos foram mortalidade precoce (nos primeiros 30 dias após a cirurgia), mortalidade intermediária (desde a sobrevida precoce até o procedimento de Glenn) e a necessidade de suporte pós-operatório com ECMO. Foram realizadas análises univariadas e multivariadas e calculados odds ratios, com intervalos de confiança de 95%. Um valor de p < 0,05 foi considerado estatisticamente significativo. Resultados Um total de 80 pacientes com SHCE foram submetidos ao primeiro estágio da operação de Norwood. A taxa de sobrevida em 30 dias foi de 91,3% e a taxa de sobrevida intermediária foi de 81,3%. Quatorze pacientes (17,5%) necessitaram de suporte com ECMO. Menor peso (p=0,033), estenose aórtica (vs atresia aórtica; p=0,036) e necessidade de suporte pós-operatório com ECMO (p=0,009) foram fatores preditivos independentes para mortalidade em 30 dias. A estenose da valva mitral ( vs atresia da valva mitral; p=0,041) foi um fator preditivo independente para mortalidade intermediária. Conclusão O presente estudo inclui a maior coorte brasileira de pacientes com SHCE submetidos ao primeiro estágio da operação de Norwood na era recente. Nossas taxas de sobrevida foram comparáveis às mais altas taxas de sobrevida relatadas globalmente. Baixo peso corporal, estenose valvar aórtica e necessidade de suporte pós-operatório com ECMO foram preditores independentes para mortalidade em 30 dias. A estenose da valva mitral foi o único fator preditivo independente para mortalidade intermediária.


Abstract Background Only two papers have addressed the early outcomes of patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) undergoing the Norwood operation, in Brazil. Objectives We evaluated patients with HLHS undergoing the first-stage Norwood operation in order to identify the predictive factors for early (within the first 30 days after surgery) and intermediate (from early survival up to the Glenn procedure) mortality. Methods Patients with HLHS undergoing the stage I Norwood procedure from January 2016 through April 2019, in our service, were enrolled. Demographic, anatomical, and surgical data were analyzed. Endpoints were early mortality (within the first 30 days after surgery), intermediate mortality (from early survival up to the Glenn procedure) and the need for postoperative ECMO support. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed, and odds ratios, with 95% confidence intervals, were calculated. A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results A total of 80 patients with HLHS underwent the stage I Norwood procedure. The 30-day survival rate was 91.3% and the intermediate survival rate 81.3%. Fourteen patients (17.5%) required ECMO support. Lower weight (p=0.033), aortic stenosis (vs aortic atresia; p=0.036), and the need for postoperative ECMO support (p=0.009) were independent predictive factors for 30-day mortality. Mitral valve stenosis (vs mitral valve atresia; p=0.041) was an independent predictive factor for intermediate mortality. Conclusion The present study includes the largest Brazilian cohort of patients with HLHS undergoing the stage I Norwood procedure in the recent era. Our survival rates were comparable to the highest survival rates reported globally. Low body weight, aortic valve stenosis, and the need for postoperative ECMO support were independent predictors for 30-day mortality. Mitral valve stenosis was the only independent predictive factor for intermediate mortality.

2.
Arq Bras Cardiol ; 119(2): 282-291, 2022 08.
Article in English, Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35703662

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Only two papers have addressed the early outcomes of patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) undergoing the Norwood operation, in Brazil. OBJECTIVES: We evaluated patients with HLHS undergoing the first-stage Norwood operation in order to identify the predictive factors for early (within the first 30 days after surgery) and intermediate (from early survival up to the Glenn procedure) mortality. METHODS: Patients with HLHS undergoing the stage I Norwood procedure from January 2016 through April 2019, in our service, were enrolled. Demographic, anatomical, and surgical data were analyzed. Endpoints were early mortality (within the first 30 days after surgery), intermediate mortality (from early survival up to the Glenn procedure) and the need for postoperative ECMO support. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed, and odds ratios, with 95% confidence intervals, were calculated. A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: A total of 80 patients with HLHS underwent the stage I Norwood procedure. The 30-day survival rate was 91.3% and the intermediate survival rate 81.3%. Fourteen patients (17.5%) required ECMO support. Lower weight (p=0.033), aortic stenosis (vs aortic atresia; p=0.036), and the need for postoperative ECMO support (p=0.009) were independent predictive factors for 30-day mortality. Mitral valve stenosis (vs mitral valve atresia; p=0.041) was an independent predictive factor for intermediate mortality. CONCLUSION: The present study includes the largest Brazilian cohort of patients with HLHS undergoing the stage I Norwood procedure in the recent era. Our survival rates were comparable to the highest survival rates reported globally. Low body weight, aortic valve stenosis, and the need for postoperative ECMO support were independent predictors for 30-day mortality. Mitral valve stenosis was the only independent predictive factor for intermediate mortality.


FUNDAMENTO: Apenas dois artigos abordam os resultados precoces de pacientes com síndrome do coração esquerdo hipoplásico (SHCE) submetidos à operação de Norwood, no Brasil. OBJETIVOS: Avaliamos pacientes com SHCE submetidos ao primeiro estágio da operação de Norwood para identificar os fatores preditivos de mortalidade precoce (nos primeiros 30 dias após a cirurgia) e intermediária (desde a sobrevida precoce até o procedimento de Glenn). MÉTODOS: Foram incluídos pacientes com SHCE submetidos em nosso serviço ao primeiro estágio da operação de Norwood de janeiro de 2016 a abril de 2019. Dados demográficos, anatômicos e cirúrgicos foram analisados. Os desfechos foram mortalidade precoce (nos primeiros 30 dias após a cirurgia), mortalidade intermediária (desde a sobrevida precoce até o procedimento de Glenn) e a necessidade de suporte pós-operatório com ECMO. Foram realizadas análises univariadas e multivariadas e calculados odds ratios, com intervalos de confiança de 95%. Um valor de p < 0,05 foi considerado estatisticamente significativo. RESULTADOS: Um total de 80 pacientes com SHCE foram submetidos ao primeiro estágio da operação de Norwood. A taxa de sobrevida em 30 dias foi de 91,3% e a taxa de sobrevida intermediária foi de 81,3%. Quatorze pacientes (17,5%) necessitaram de suporte com ECMO. Menor peso (p=0,033), estenose aórtica (vs atresia aórtica; p=0,036) e necessidade de suporte pós-operatório com ECMO (p=0,009) foram fatores preditivos independentes para mortalidade em 30 dias. A estenose da valva mitral ( vs atresia da valva mitral; p=0,041) foi um fator preditivo independente para mortalidade intermediária. CONCLUSÃO: O presente estudo inclui a maior coorte brasileira de pacientes com SHCE submetidos ao primeiro estágio da operação de Norwood na era recente. Nossas taxas de sobrevida foram comparáveis às mais altas taxas de sobrevida relatadas globalmente. Baixo peso corporal, estenose valvar aórtica e necessidade de suporte pós-operatório com ECMO foram preditores independentes para mortalidade em 30 dias. A estenose da valva mitral foi o único fator preditivo independente para mortalidade intermediária.


Subject(s)
Aortic Valve Stenosis , Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome , Mitral Valve Stenosis , Norwood Procedures , Brazil/epidemiology , Humans , Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome/surgery , Norwood Procedures/methods , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome
3.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc;29(4): 606-621, Oct-Dec/2014. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-741735

ABSTRACT

Introdução: O sangue alogênico é um recurso terapêutico esgotável. Novas evidências demonstram um consumo excessivo de sangue e uma diminuição das doações, resultando em estoques de sangue reduzidos em todo o mundo. As transfusões de sangue estão relacionadas a aumento na morbimortalidade e maiores custos hospitalares. Deste modo, torna-se necessário procurar outras opções de tratamento. Estas alternativas existem, porém são pouco conhecidas e raramente utilizadas. Objetivo: Reunir e descrever de maneira sistemática, objetiva e prática todas as estratégias clínicas e cirúrgicas, como opções terapêuticas eficazes para minimizar ou evitar transfusões de sangue alogênico e seus efeitos adversos nos pacientes submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca. Métodos: Foi efetuada uma pesquisa bibliográfica com busca ao descritor “Blood transfusion” (MeSH) e aos termos “Cardiac surgery” e “Blood management”. Estudos com títulos não relacionados diretamente ao tema da pesquisa, estudos que não continham nos resumos dados relacionados à pesquisa, estudos mais antigos que relataram estratégias repetidas foram excluídos. Resultados: Tratar anemia e plaquetopenia, suspender anticoagulantes e antiplaquetários, reduzir flebotomias rotineiras, técnica cirúrgica menos traumática com hipotermia e hipotensão moderada, hemostasia meticulosa, uso de agentes hemostáticos sistêmicos e tópicos, hemodiluição normovolêmica aguda, recuperação sanguínea intraoperatória, tolerância à anemia (oxigênio suplementar e normotermia), bem como várias outras opções terapêuticas mostram ser estratégias eficazes em reduzir transfusões de sangue alogênico. Conclusão: Existem múltiplas estratégias clínicas e cirúrgicas para otimizar a massa eritrocitária e o estado de coagulação, minimizar a perda de sangue e melhorar tolerância à anemia. Estes recursos terapêuticos deveriam ser incorporados à prática médica mundial, visando diminuir o consumo de hemocomponentes, ...


Introdution: Allogeneic blood is an exhaustible therapeutic resource. New evidence indicates that blood consumption is excessive and that donations have decreased, resulting in reduced blood supplies worldwide. Blood transfusions are associated with increased morbidity and mortality, as well as higher hospital costs. This makes it necessary to seek out new treatment options. Such options exist but are still virtually unknown and are rarely utilized. Objective: To gather and describe in a systematic, objective, and practical way all clinical and surgical strategies as effective therapeutic options to minimize or avoid allogeneic blood transfusions and their adverse effects in surgical cardiac patients. Methods: A bibliographic search was conducted using the MeSH term “Blood Transfusion” and the terms “Cardiac Surgery” and “Blood Management.” Studies with titles not directly related to this research or that did not contain information related to it in their abstracts as well as older studies reporting on the same strategies were not included. Results: Treating anemia and thrombocytopenia, suspending anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents, reducing routine phlebotomies, utilizing less traumatic surgical techniques with moderate hypothermia and hypotension, meticulous hemostasis, use of topical and systemic hemostatic agents, acute normovolemic hemodilution, cell salvage, anemia tolerance (supplementary oxygen and normothermia), as well as various other therapeutic options have proved to be effective strategies for reducing allogeneic blood transfusions. Conclusion: There are a number of clinical and surgical strategies that can be used to optimize erythrocyte mass and coagulation status, minimize blood loss, and improve anemia tolerance. In order to decrease the consumption of blood components, diminish morbidity and mortality, and reduce hospital costs, these treatment strategies should be incorporated ...


Subject(s)
Humans , Blood Transfusion/adverse effects , Cardiac Surgical Procedures/methods , Blood Loss, Surgical/prevention & control , Blood Preservation/methods , Blood Transfusion/methods , Hemostatics/therapeutic use , Medical Illustration , Operative Blood Salvage/methods
4.
Rev Bras Cir Cardiovasc ; 29(2): 123-30, 2014.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25140460

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Congenital heart defects treatment shows progressive reduction in morbidity and mortality, however, the scar, resulting from ventricular (VSD) and atrial septal defect (ASD) repair, may cause discomfort. Right axillary minithoracotomy approach, by avoiding the breast growth region, is an option for correction of these defects that may provide better aesthetic results at low cost. Since October 2011, we have been using this technique for repairing VSD and ASD defects as well as associated defects. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the efficacy of this method in children undergoing correction of VSD and ASD, to compare perioperative clinical outcomes with those repaired by median sternotomy, and to evaluate the aesthetic result. METHODS: Perioperative clinical data of 25 patients submitted to axillary thoracotomy were compared with data from a paired group of 25 patients with similar heart defects repaired by median sternotomy, from October 2011 to August 2012. RESULTS: Axillary approach was possible even in infants. There was no mortality and the main perioperative variables were similar in both groups, except for lower use of blood products in the axillary group (6/25) vs. control (13/25), with statistical difference (P =0.04). The VSD size varied from 7 to 15 mm in axillary group. Cannulation of the aorta and vena cavae was performed through the main incision, whose size ranged from 3 to 5 cm in the axillary group, with excellent aesthetic results. CONCLUSION: The axillary thoracotomy was effective, allowing for a heart defect repair similar to the median sternotomy, with more satisfactory aesthetic results and reduced blood transfusion, and it can be safely used in infants.


Subject(s)
Axilla/surgery , Heart Septal Defects, Atrial/surgery , Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular/surgery , Thoracotomy/methods , Blood Transfusion/methods , Chi-Square Distribution , Child , Child, Preschool , Cicatrix/prevention & control , Esthetics , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Reproducibility of Results , Sternotomy/methods , Treatment Outcome
5.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc;29(2): 123-130, Apr-Jun/2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-719424

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Congenital heart defects treatment shows progressive reduction in morbidity and mortality, however, the scar, resulting from ventricular (VSD) and atrial septal defect (ASD) repair, may cause discomfort. Right axillary minithoracotomy approach, by avoiding the breast growth region, is an option for correction of these defects that may provide better aesthetic results at low cost. Since October 2011, we have been using this technique for repairing VSD and ASD defects as well as associated defects. Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of this method in children undergoing correction of VSD and ASD, to compare perioperative clinical outcomes with those repaired by median sternotomy, and to evaluate the aesthetic result. Methods: Perioperative clinical data of 25 patients submitted to axillary thoracotomy were compared with data from a paired group of 25 patients with similar heart defects repaired by median sternotomy, from October 2011 to August 2012. Results: Axillary approach was possible even in infants. There was no mortality and the main perioperative variables were similar in both groups, except for lower use of blood products in the axillary group (6/25) vs. control (13/25), with statistical difference (P =0.04). The VSD size varied from 7 to 15 mm in axillary group. Cannulation of the aorta and vena cavae was performed through the main incision, whose size ranged from 3 to 5 cm in the axillary group, with excellent aesthetic results. Conclusion: The axillary thoracotomy was effective, allowing for a heart defect repair similar to the median sternotomy, with more satisfactory aesthetic results and reduced blood transfusion, and it can be safely used in infants. .


Introdução: O tratamento dos defeitos cardíacos apresenta progressiva redução da morbimortalidade, porém, a cicatriz, sequela aparente do tratamento da comunicação interatrial (CIA) e interventricular (CIV), pode causar incômodo. A abordagem por minitoracotomia axilar é opção para correção destes defeitos, com possível melhor estética e baixo custo, além de evitar a região de crescimento da mama. Desde outubro de 2011, empregamos esta técnica para correção de CIA, CIV e defeitos associados. Objetivo: Avaliar a eficácia do método em crianças submetidas à correção de CIV e CIA, avaliar a evolução clínica perioperatória em comparação à esternotomia mediana e avaliar o resultado estético. Métodos: Dados clínicos perioperatórios de 25 pacientes submetidos à minitoracotomia axilar foram comparados com dados de grupo de 25 pacientes submetidos à correção de defeitos cardíacos semelhantes por esternotomia mediana, de outubro de 2011 a agosto de 2012. Resultados: A correção dos defeitos via axilar foi factível inclusive em lactentes. Não houve mortalidade e as principais variáveis perioperatórias foram similares em ambos os grupos, exceto pelo menor uso de hemoderivados no grupo axilar (6/25) x controle (13/25), com diferença estatística (P=0,04). A sequela ventricular nos pacientes do grupo axilar variou de 7 a 15 mm. A canulação da aorta e veias cavas foi realizada através da incisão principal, cujo tamanho variou de 3 a 5 cm no grupo axilar, com resultado estético excelente. Conclusão: A minitoracotomia axilar foi eficaz, permitiu correção do defeito cardíaco semelhante à esternotomia mediana, com resultado estético mais ...


Subject(s)
Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Axilla/surgery , Heart Septal Defects, Atrial/surgery , Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular/surgery , Thoracotomy/methods , Blood Transfusion/methods , Chi-Square Distribution , Cicatrix/prevention & control , Esthetics , Reproducibility of Results , Sternotomy/methods , Treatment Outcome
6.
Rev Bras Cir Cardiovasc ; 29(4): 606-21, 2014.
Article in English, Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25714216

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Allogeneic blood is an exhaustible therapeutic resource. New evidence indicates that blood consumption is excessive and that donations have decreased, resulting in reduced blood supplies worldwide. Blood transfusions are associated with increased morbidity and mortality, as well as higher hospital costs. This makes it necessary to seek out new treatment options. Such options exist but are still virtually unknown and are rarely utilized. OBJECTIVE: To gather and describe in a systematic, objective, and practical way all clinical and surgical strategies as effective therapeutic options to minimize or avoid allogeneic blood transfusions and their adverse effects in surgical cardiac patients. METHODS: A bibliographic search was conducted using the MeSH term "Blood Transfusion" and the terms "Cardiac Surgery" and "Blood Management." Studies with titles not directly related to this research or that did not contain information related to it in their abstracts as well as older studies reporting on the same strategies were not included. RESULTS: Treating anemia and thrombocytopenia, suspending anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents, reducing routine phlebotomies, utilizing less traumatic surgical techniques with moderate hypothermia and hypotension, meticulous hemostasis, use of topical and systemic hemostatic agents, acute normovolemic hemodilution, cell salvage, anemia tolerance (supplementary oxygen and normothermia), as well as various other therapeutic options have proved to be effective strategies for reducing allogeneic blood transfusions. CONCLUSION: There are a number of clinical and surgical strategies that can be used to optimize erythrocyte mass and coagulation status, minimize blood loss, and improve anemia tolerance. In order to decrease the consumption of blood components, diminish morbidity and mortality, and reduce hospital costs, these treatment strategies should be incorporated into medical practice worldwide.


Subject(s)
Cardiac Surgical Procedures/methods , Transfusion Reaction , Blood Loss, Surgical/prevention & control , Blood Preservation/methods , Blood Transfusion/methods , Hemostatics/therapeutic use , Humans , Medical Illustration , Operative Blood Salvage/methods
7.
Arq Bras Cardiol ; 99(5): 1031-9, 2012 Nov.
Article in English, Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23138670

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Heart transplantation is an alternative for individuals with end-stage heart disease. However, episodes of heart rejection (HR) are frequent and increase morbidity and mortality, requiring the use of an accurate non-invasive exam for their diagnosis, since endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) is not a complication-free procedure. OBJECTIVE: To compare the parameters obtained by use of Doppler echocardiography in a group of transplanted patients with HR (TX1) and another group of transplanted patients without rejection (TX0), having as reference a control group (CG) and observing the behavior of the left ventricular systo-diastolic function expressed as the myocardial performance index (MPI) METHODS: Transthoracic echocardiographies were performed from January 2006 to January 2008 to prospectively assess 47 patients divided into three groups: CG (36.2%); TX0 (38.3%); and TX1 (25.5%). The MPI was compared between the groups, and data were analyzed by use of Fisher exact test and nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis test, both with significance level of 5%. RESULTS: The groups did not differ regarding age, weight, height, and body surface. When compared to GC, TX0 and TX1 showed a change in the left ventricular systo-diastolic function, expressed as an increase in MPI, which was greater in TX1 [0.38 (0.29 - 0.44); 0.47 (0.43 - 0.56); 0.58 (0.52 - 0.74), respectively; p < 0.001]. CONCLUSION: Echocardiography was a very accurate test to detect changes in the systo-diastolic function of the transplanted heart; however, it did not prove to be reliable to replace BEM in the safe diagnosis of HR.


Subject(s)
Graft Rejection/diagnostic imaging , Heart Transplantation/diagnostic imaging , Myocardial Contraction/physiology , Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/diagnostic imaging , Ventricular Function/physiology , Adult , Age Distribution , Biopsy , Echocardiography, Doppler , Epidemiologic Methods , Female , Graft Rejection/pathology , Heart Transplantation/pathology , Heart Ventricles/pathology , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Sex Distribution , Stroke Volume , Time Factors , Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/physiopathology
8.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; Arq. bras. cardiol;99(5): 1031-1039, nov. 2012. ilus, graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-656642

ABSTRACT

FUNDAMENTO: O Transplante Cardíaco (TC) é uma alternativa para os indivíduos com doença cardíaca terminal. Na evolução pós-transplante, a ocorrência de episódios de Rejeição Cardíaca (RC) é evento frequente que aumenta a morbimortalidade, sendo necessário o emprego de exame não invasivo com boa acurácia para seu diagnóstico, pois a Biópsia Endomiocárdica (BEM) não é um procedimento isento de complicações. OBJETIVO: Comparar parâmetros obtidos com o princípio Doppler, entre os pacientes transplantados com RC (TX1) e os pacientes transplantados sem rejeição (TX0); utilizando como referência o Grupo Controle (GC) e observando o comportamento da função sistodiastólica ventricular esquerda expressa por meio do Índice de Performance Miocárdica (IPM). MÉTODOS: Foram realizados ecocardiogramas transtorácicos no período de janeiro de 2006 a janeiro de 2008, para a avaliação prospectiva de 47 pacientes, subdivididos em GC (36,2%), TX0 (38,3%) e TX1 (25,5%), comparando-se o IPM entre eles. Para a análise dos dados foram realizados os testes exato de Fisher e o não paramétrico de Kruskal-Wallis, ambos com nível de significância de 5%. RESULTADOS: Os grupos não diferiram em relação a idade, peso, altura e superfície corpórea. Quando comparado ao GC, TX0 e TX1 apresentaram alteração da função sistodiastólica ventricular esquerda, expressa como aumento do IPM, que foi mais intenso no TX1 [0,38 (0,29 - 0,44) X 0,47 (0,43 - 0,56) X 0,58 (0,52 - 0,74) p < 0,001]. CONCLUSÃO: O ecocardiograma mostrou-se como exame de boa acurácia na detecção das alterações da função sistodiastólica do coração transplantado; entretanto, não foi confiável como método substituto da BEM para o diagnóstico seguro de RC.


BACKGROUND: Heart transplantation is an alternative for individuals with end-stage heart disease. However, episodes of heart rejection (HR) are frequent and increase morbidity and mortality, requiring the use of an accurate non-invasive exam for their diagnosis, since endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) is not a complication-free procedure. OBJECTIVE: To compare the parameters obtained by use of Doppler echocardiography in a group of transplanted patients with HR (TX1) and another group of transplanted patients without rejection (TX0), having as reference a control group (CG) and observing the behavior of the left ventricular systo-diastolic function expressed as the myocardial performance index (MPI) METHODS: Transthoracic echocardiographies were performed from January 2006 to January 2008 to prospectively assess 47 patients divided into three groups: CG (36.2%); TX0 (38.3%); and TX1 (25.5%). The MPI was compared between the groups, and data were analyzed by use of Fisher exact test and nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis test, both with significance level of 5%. RESULTS: The groups did not differ regarding age, weight, height, and body surface. When compared to GC, TX0 and TX1 showed a change in the left ventricular systo-diastolic function, expressed as an increase in MPI, which was greater in TX1 [0.38 (0.29 - 0.44); 0.47 (0.43 - 0.56); 0.58 (0.52 - 0.74), respectively; p < 0.001]. CONCLUSION: Echocardiography was a very accurate test to detect changes in the systo-diastolic function of the transplanted heart; however, it did not prove to be reliable to replace BEM in the safe diagnosis of HR.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Graft Rejection , Heart Transplantation , Myocardial Contraction/physiology , Ventricular Dysfunction, Left , Ventricular Function/physiology , Age Distribution , Biopsy , Echocardiography, Doppler , Epidemiologic Methods , Graft Rejection/pathology , Heart Transplantation/pathology , Heart Ventricles/pathology , Sex Distribution , Stroke Volume , Time Factors , Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/physiopathology
9.
Rev Bras Cir Cardiovasc ; 27(2): 327-30, 2012.
Article in English, Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22996986

ABSTRACT

This article reports a case of a cardiac retransplantation without the use of blood products, in a 6 year old, with severe dilated cardiomyopathy after chronic graft rejection and refractory to clinical treatment. To avoid a blood transfusion in this surgery a multidisciplinary approach was planned, which involved the use of preoperative erythropoietin, acute normovolemic hemodilution and intraoperative cell savage with autologous blood recovery system, as well as a meticulous hemostasis and reduced postoperative phlebotomy.


Subject(s)
Heart Transplantation/methods , Blood Transfusion, Autologous/methods , Child , Female , Graft Rejection/surgery , Heart Failure/surgery , Hemoglobins/analysis , Humans , Reoperation/methods , Treatment Outcome
10.
Rev. bras. ecocardiogr. imagem cardiovasc ; 25(3): 228-231, jul.-set. 2012. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-641359

ABSTRACT

Introdução: A atresia tricúspide é uma cardiopatia rara, sendo sua associação com discordância atrioventricular e atresia aórtica ainda mais rara. Objetivo: Relatar caso de associação cardíaca rara, reiterando o papel do ecocardiograma fetal no diagnóstico precoce das malformações cardíacas complexas. Relato: Recém-nascido com diagnóstico pré-natal de ausência de conexão direita, ventrículo direito hipoplásico, via de saída única pulmonar emergindo do ventrículo esquerdo e arco aórtico hipoplásico foi submetido à cirurgia de Norwood-Sano, com 48 horas de vida, com boa evolução. Conclusão: Os achados ecocardiográficos no feto predisseram a necessidade de intervenção neonatal precoce e asseguraram o manejo pós-natal adequado.


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Aorta, Thoracic/abnormalities , Tricuspid Atresia/diagnosis , Prenatal Care , Fetus , Echocardiography
11.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc;27(2): 327-330, abr.-jun. 2012. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-649611

ABSTRACT

Este artigo relata um caso de retransplante cardíaco sem o uso de hemoderivados, em uma criança de 6 anos, com miocardiopatia dilatada grave, após rejeição crônica do enxerto e refratária ao tratamento clínico. Para evitar transfusão sanguínea nessa cirurgia, foi realizado planejamento multidisciplinar, que envolveu o uso de eritropoietina no pré-operatório, hemodiluição normovolêmica aguda e recuperação de sangue autólogo no intraoperatório (cell saver), bem como hemostasia meticulosa e redução de flebotomias no pós-operatório.


This article reports a case of a cardiac retransplantation without the use of blood products, in a 6 year old, with severe dilated cardiomyopathy after chronic graft rejection and refractory to clinical treatment. To avoid a blood transfusion in this surgery a multidisciplinary approach was planned, which involved the use of preoperative erythropoietin, acute normovolemic hemodilution and intraoperative cell savage with autologous blood recovery system, as well as a meticulous hemostasis and reduced postoperative phlebotomy.


Subject(s)
Child , Female , Humans , Heart Transplantation/methods , Blood Transfusion, Autologous/methods , Graft Rejection/surgery , Heart Failure/surgery , Hemoglobins/analysis , Reoperation/methods , Treatment Outcome
12.
In. Anon. Livro-texto da Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia. Barueri, SP, Manole, 2012. p.1645-1652, ilus, tab.
Monography in Portuguese | LILACS, Sec. Est. Saúde SP, SESSP-IDPCPROD, Sec. Est. Saúde SP | ID: biblio-1081223
14.
Arq Bras Cardiol ; 97(2): e29-32, 2011 Aug.
Article in English, Portuguese, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22002033

ABSTRACT

This is the case of 28 year-old adult with suspected congenital heart disease since birth, not treated in childhood at the his family's choice. At 27 years old, he was diagnosed with pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect and systemic-pulmonary collaterals, where surgery was contraindicated. A new review in our department showed that it was an atypical form of truncus arteriosus. The fact that a common arterial trunk with left-right shunt was viewed by echocardiography was a crucial fact for the indication of new catheterization, opening the prospect of surgical correction. Currently, the patient is well, with 7 years of postoperative outcome.


Subject(s)
Heart Defects, Congenital/complications , Truncus Arteriosus/surgery , Adult , Age Factors , Diagnosis, Differential , Humans , Male , Truncus Arteriosus/diagnostic imaging , Ultrasonography
15.
Rev. Soc. Cardiol. Estado de Säo Paulo ; 21(4): 8-14, out.-dez. 2011.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-619505

ABSTRACT

A síndrome de hipoplasia do coração esquerdo (SHCE) é a cardiopatia congênita que sofreu as mais dramáticas mudanças na avaliação diagnóstica, manuseio e evolução na era recente. Embora o tratamento estagiado da SHCE esteja bem fundamentado na atualidade, ainda ocorre uma grande variabilidade no manuseio desta doença e os bons resultados globais são obtidos por um número reduzido de centros mundiais. O recém-nascido com síndrome de hipoplasia do coração esquerdo apresenta alto risco de choque antes e após o procedimento paliativo inicial. A síndrome de baixo débito cardíaco, caracterizada pela baixa liberação sistêmica de oxigênio, é achado típico após cirurgia cardíaca neonatal. O edema miocárdico e a disfunção pós-isquêmica resultam em baixo débito cardíaco. O recém-nascido com SHCE apresenta outros problemas: a massa ventricular total é reduzida, a anatomia em paralelo da circulação sistêmica e pulmonar resulta em saturação baixa de oxigênio no sangue arterial, além da necessidade do ventrículo único direito prover o débito cardíaco sistêmico e pulmonar. Ocorre, também, a necessidade de equilibrar as resistências periférica e pulmonar, com ajuste de drogas e ventilação, balanceando as duas circulações. O manuseio perioperatório destes pacientes com alto risco de mortalidade depende de avaliações constantes do paciente, com diagnóstico e condutas precisas. Este assunto é aqui abordado, baseado em nossa experiência com alto índice de sucesso e em trabalhos publicados por centros mundiais com excelentes resultados no tratamento desta doença desafiadora.


Subject(s)
Humans , Postoperative Care/methods , Postoperative Care , Preoperative Care/methods , Preoperative Care , Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome/complications , Heart Defects, Congenital/surgery , Heart Defects, Congenital/complications , Heart Defects, Congenital/mortality , Hospital Mortality
16.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; Arq. bras. cardiol;97(3): 199-208, set. 2011. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-601805

ABSTRACT

FUNDAMENTO: As principais correções da anomalia de Ebstein (AE) baseiam-se na reconstrução monocúspide da valva tricúspide e são limitadas pela frequente necessidade de substituição ou pela alta reincidência de insuficiência valvar. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a viabilidade e os efeitos da correção anatômica da anomalia de Ebstein com a técnica do cone na evolução clínica dos pacientes, na função da valva tricúspide e na morfologia do ventrículo direito. MÉTODOS: Foram comparados os dados clínicos, ecocardiográficos e radiológicos de 52 pacientes consecutivos, com idade média de 18,5 ± 13,8anos, submetidos à técnica do cone, obtidos nos períodos pré-operatório, pós-operatório imediato (POI) e em longo prazo (POL). RESULTADOS: Houve dois óbitos hospitalares (3,8 por cento) e mais dois durante o seguimento. A classe funcional média de insuficiência cardíaca pré-operatória de 2,2 melhorou para 1,2 após 57 meses de seguimento médio de 97 por cento dos pacientes (p < 0,001). O grau médio de insuficiência tricúspide pré-operatória de 3,6 diminuiu para 1,6 no POI (p < 0,001), mantendo-se em 1,9 no POL (p > 0,05). A área funcional indexada do VD aumentou de 8,53 ± 7,02 cm2/m2 no préoperatório para 21,01±6,87 cm2/m2 no POI (p < 0,001), mantendo-se inalterada em 20,28 ± 5,26 cm2/m2 no POL (p > 0,05). O índice cardiotorácico médio foi reduzido de 0,66 ± 0,09 para 0,54 ± 0,06 (p < 0,001) em longo prazo. CONCLUSÃO: A técnica do cone apresentou baixa mortalidade hospitalar, corrigindo a insuficiência tricúspide de maneira eficaz e duradoura, com a restauração da área funcional do ventrículo direito, permitindo o remodelamento reverso do coração e a melhora clínica na maioria dos pacientes em longo prazo.


BACKGROUND: The main Ebstein anomaly (EA) repairs are based on the monocusp reconstruction of the tricuspid valve and are limited by the frequent need for replacement or the high recurrence of valve regurgitation. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the feasibility and effects of anatomical repair of Ebstein's anomaly using the cone reconstruction technique on patients' clinical evaluation, tricuspid valve function and right ventricular morphology. METHODS: We compared the clinical, echocardiographic and radiological data of 52 consecutive patients, with a mean age of 18.5 ± 13.8 years, submitted to the cone reconstruction technique, obtained in the preoperative, early postoperative (EPO) and long-term (LPO) periods. RESULTS: There were two in-hospital deaths (3.8 percent) and two more during the follow-up. Mean functional class of pre-operative heart failure improved from 2.2 to 1.2 after 57 months of mean follow up of 97 percent of patients (p <0.001). The mean degree of preoperative tricuspid regurgitation decreased from 3.6 to 1.6 in the EPO (p <0.001), remaining at 1.9 in LPO period (p> 0.05). The indexed RV functional area increased from 8.53 ± 7.02 cm2/m2 preoperatively to 21.01 ± 6.87 cm2/m2 in the EPO (p <0.001) and remained unchanged at 20.28 ± 5.26 cm2/m2 in LPO period (p> 0.05). The mean cardiothoracic ratio was decreased from 0.66 ± 0.09 to 0.54 ± 0.06 (p <0.001) in the long term. CONCLUSION: The cone technique showed low in-hospital mortality, resulting in an effective and long-lasting repair of tricuspid regurgitation, restoring the functional area of the right ventricle and allowing reverse remodeling of the heart and clinical improvement in most patients in the long term.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Female , Humans , Male , Ebstein Anomaly/surgery , Tricuspid Valve/surgery , Brazil/epidemiology , Cardiac Surgical Procedures/mortality , Echocardiography , Ebstein Anomaly/mortality , Feasibility Studies , Follow-Up Studies , Hospital Mortality , Postoperative Period , Preoperative Period
17.
Arq Bras Cardiol ; 97(3): 199-208, 2011 Sep.
Article in English, Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21830001

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The main Ebstein anomaly (EA) repairs are based on the monocusp reconstruction of the tricuspid valve and are limited by the frequent need for replacement or the high recurrence of valve regurgitation. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the feasibility and effects of anatomical repair of Ebstein's anomaly using the cone reconstruction technique on patients' clinical evaluation, tricuspid valve function and right ventricular morphology. METHODS: We compared the clinical, echocardiographic and radiological data of 52 consecutive patients, with a mean age of 18.5 ± 13.8 years, submitted to the cone reconstruction technique, obtained in the preoperative, early postoperative (EPO) and long-term (LPO) periods. RESULTS: There were two in-hospital deaths (3.8%) and two more during the follow-up. Mean functional class of pre-operative heart failure improved from 2.2 to 1.2 after 57 months of mean follow up of 97% of patients (p <0.001). The mean degree of preoperative tricuspid regurgitation decreased from 3.6 to 1.6 in the EPO (p <0.001), remaining at 1.9 in LPO period (p> 0.05). The indexed RV functional area increased from 8.53 ± 7.02 cm²/m² preoperatively to 21.01 ± 6.87 cm²/m² in the EPO (p <0.001) and remained unchanged at 20.28 ± 5.26 cm²/m² in LPO period (p> 0.05). The mean cardiothoracic ratio was decreased from 0.66 ± 0.09 to 0.54 ± 0.06 (p <0.001) in the long term. CONCLUSION: The cone technique showed low in-hospital mortality, resulting in an effective and long-lasting repair of tricuspid regurgitation, restoring the functional area of the right ventricle and allowing reverse remodeling of the heart and clinical improvement in most patients in the long term.


Subject(s)
Ebstein Anomaly/surgery , Tricuspid Valve/surgery , Adolescent , Brazil/epidemiology , Cardiac Surgical Procedures/mortality , Ebstein Anomaly/mortality , Echocardiography , Feasibility Studies , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Hospital Mortality , Humans , Male , Postoperative Period , Preoperative Period
18.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; Arq. bras. cardiol;97(2): e29-e32, ago. 2011. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-601787

ABSTRACT

Descrevemos um caso de adulto de 28 anos com suspeita de cardiopatia congênita desde o nascimento, não tratada na infância por opção da família. Aos 27 anos, foi feito diagnóstico de atresia pulmonar com comunicação interventricular e colaterais sistêmico-pulmonares, sendo contraindicada a cirurgia. Uma nova reavaliação em nosso serviço demonstrou tratar-se de um truncus arteriosus atípico. O fato de um tronco arterial comum com shunt esquerda-direita ter sido visualizado ao ecocardiograma foi um dado crucial para a indicação de novo cateterismo, abrindo perspectiva de correção cirúrgica. No momento, o paciente encontra-se bem, com 7 anos de evolução pós-operatória.


This is the case of 28 year-old adult with suspected congenital heart disease since birth, not treated in childhood at the his family's choice. At 27 years old, he was diagnosed with pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect and systemic-pulmonary collaterals, where surgery was contraindicated. A new review in our department showed that it was an atypical form of truncus arteriosus. The fact that a common arterial trunk with left-right shunt was viewed by echocardiography was a crucial fact for the indication of new catheterization, opening the prospect of surgical correction. Currently, the patient is well, with 7 years of postoperative outcome.


Describimos un caso de adulto de 28 años con sospecha de cardiopatía congénita desde el nacimiento, no tratada en la niñez por opción de la familia. A los 27 años, se hizo diagnóstico de atresia pulmonar con comunicación interventricular y colaterales sistémico-pulmonares, y se contraindicó la cirugía. Una nueva reevaluación en nuestro servicio reveló tratarse de un truncus arteriosus atípico. El hecho de un tronco arterial común con shunt izquierdaderecha haber sido visualizado al ecocardiograma fue un dato crucial para la indicación de nuevo cateterismo, abriendo perspectiva de corrección quirúrgica. Al momento, el paciente se encuentra bien, con 7 años de evolución posoperatoria.


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Heart Defects, Congenital/complications , Truncus Arteriosus/surgery , Age Factors , Diagnosis, Differential , Truncus Arteriosus
19.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc;25(4): 506-509, out.-dez. 2010. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-574746

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Demonstrar a mortalidade hospitalar de crianças submetidas à operação de Fontan e determinar se a síndrome do coração esquerdo hipoplásico (SCEH) constitui fator de risco para mortalidade. MÉTODOS: De agosto 2001 a junho 2008, 76 pacientes foram submetidos à operação de Fontan, sendo divididos em dois grupos: grupo A com 54 pacientes, sendo 31 (40,7 por cento) portadores de atresia tricúspide e variantes, seis (7,8 por cento) de dupla via de entrada ventrículo esquerdo, quatro (5,3 por cento) de defeito do septo atrioventricular total e 13 (17,1 por cento) de outras cardiopatias congênitas complexas; e grupo B constituído por portadores de SCEH, num total de 22 (28,9 por cento) pacientes. RESULTADOS: Os pacientes do grupo A tiveram média de idade de 6,47 anos ± 4,83 e do grupo B de 2,08 anos ± 0,24 P<0,001; a média de peso foi de 22,42 ± 11,04 contra 12,99 ± 1,2 P=0,016; o tempo médio de CEC foi de 119,5 min contra 113,3 min P=0,0, com tempo médio de pinçamento aórtico de 74,8 min e 73,5 min P= 0,75. O tempo médio de permanência em UTI foi 4,1 dias para o grupo A contra 7,52 dias para o grupo B P= 0,0003. No total (grupo A + B), três pacientes foram a óbito, com mortalidade hospitalar de 3,9 por cento, sendo um paciente portador de SHCE (1,3 por cento) (P<0,001; IC95 por cento 0,001 - 0,228). CONCLUSÃO: Nosso estudo evidencia que, apesar de maior morbidade, a SCEH não constitui um fator de risco para mortalidade hospitalar.


OBJECTIVE: To show the mortality rate of children undergoing to Fontan operation and determine whether the hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) is a risk factor for hospital mortality. METHODS: From August 2001 to June 2008, 76 patients underwent Fontan operation and were divided into two groups: group A with 54 patients, 31 (40.7 percent) patients with tricuspid atresia and variants, six (7.8 percent) of double-inlet left ventricle, four (5.3 percent) and atrioventricular septal defect and total 13 (17.1 percent) of other complex congenital heart disease and group B all patients with HLHS a total of 22 (28.9 percent) patients. RESULTS: Group A patients had a mean age of 6.47 years ± 4.83 and group B of 2.08 years ± 0.24 P <0.001, the average weight was 22.42 ± 11.04 against 12.99 ± 1.2 P = 0.016, the mean CPB time was 119.5 min versus 113.3 min P = 0.0, with a mean clamping time of 74.8 min and 73.5 min p = 0.75. The mean ICU stay was 4.1 days for group A versus 7.52 days for group B p = 0.0003. In total (group A + B) three patients died, with hospital mortality of 3.9 percent, and one patient with HLHS (4.54 percent) (P <0.001, 95 percent CI 0.001 to 0.228). CONCLUSION: Our study shows that despite higher morbidity in HLHS is not a risk factor for hospital mortality.


Subject(s)
Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Fontan Procedure/mortality , Hospital Mortality , Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome/complications , Heart Defects, Congenital/complications , Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome/mortality , Risk Factors
20.
Radiol. bras ; Radiol. bras;43(6): 347-353, nov.-dez. 2010. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-571672

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Demonstrar que a angiotomografia computadorizada com múltiplos detectores é um método efetivo e não invasivo para o diagnóstico de drenagem venosa pulmonar anômala. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Estudo retrospectivo de 2.905 angiotomografias computadorizadas com múltiplos detectores cardíacas realizadas em nosso serviço no período de julho de 2003 a novembro de 2007. Destas, 393 foram destinadas para avaliar cardiopatias congênitas e as 2.512 restantes, para analisar as artérias coronárias. RESULTADOS: Foram encontrados 21 casos de drenagem venosa pulmonar anômala, sendo 7 (33,3 por cento) do tipo total e 14 (66,7 por cento) do tipo parcial. Das drenagens venosas pulmonares anômalas totais, três foram do tipo supracardíaco, três do tipo infracardíaco e uma do tipo cardíaco. CONCLUSÃO: A angiotomografia computadorizada com múltiplos detectores tem demonstrado fundamental importância no diagnóstico destas anomalias, principalmente por se tratar de método não invasivo capaz de analisar estruturas intra e extracardíacas e por permitir um estudo completo da anatomia torácica, contribuindo sobremaneira na conduta cirúrgica e, consequentemente, no prognóstico destes pacientes, especialmente por diagnosticar malformações não suspeitadas clinicamente.


OBJECTIVE: We aimed to determine if multidetector-row computed tomography angiography is an effective and non-invasive method for diagnosing anomalous pulmonary venous drainage. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of 2,905 cases from July 2003 to November 2007 in which cardiac multidetector-row computed tomography angiography was used. Of the cases, 393 evaluated congenital cardiopathy, with the others (2,512) evaluating the coronary arteries. RESULTS: Anomalous pulmonary venous drainage was found in 21 cases, with 7 (33.3 percent) from total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage (3 supracardiac, 3 infracardiac and 1 cardiac), and 14 (66.7 percent) from partial anomalous pulmonary venous drainage. CONCLUSION: Multidetector-row computed tomography angiography can be useful for diagnosing the described anomalies because of its non-invasiveness, and its ability to evaluate intra- and extra-cardiac structures. The technique allows a thorough study of the thoracic anatomy and contributes to surgical conduct, consequently improving patient prognosis, in particular by allowing the diagnosis of clinically unsuspected malformations.


Subject(s)
Pulmonary Veins , Pulmonary Veins/physiopathology , Brazil , Drainage , Multidetector Computed Tomography , Retrospective Studies
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