ABSTRACT
As respostas de termorregulação derivam de mecanismos centrais e periféricos que se baseiam na estimulação sensorial de áreas cerebrais termosensíveis. A estes mecanismos, denomina-se interocepção. Funções corporais vitais como a termorregulação parecem interferir sob uma dinâmica complexa para o ajuste do recrutamento muscular e ritmo de exercício. Neste sentido, é provável que técnicas de resfriamento (cooling) possam reduzir a transmissão de informações sensoriais que alcançam os centros cerebrais superiores, alterando a regulação do exercício. O cooling é um método utilizado com finalidades terapêuticas e esportivas, a fim de obter vantagens termorregulatórias. No contexto do desempenho esportivo, o cooling é utilizado para atenuar o ganho e o estoque de calor corporal, reduzindo assim, a sinalização realizada por vias de interocepção. Há indicativos de que atletas podem se beneficiar do resfriamento corporal quando competem em ambientes quentes e úmidos. Há a necessidade, no entanto, de se testar os efeitos do cooling em diferentes instantes, antes e durante exercícios de longa duração, assim como em diferentes modelos de exercício...(AU)
The thermoregulation responses derive from central and peripheral mechanisms, which are based on sensorial stimulation of thermal-sensitive brain regions. These mechanisms are named as interoception. Vital body functions such as thermoregulation seem to affect, in a dynamic-complex manner, the muscular recruitment and pacing adjustments. In this regard, it is likeles that cooling techniques may reduce the sensorial information transmission that reach the upstream cerebral centers, thus altering the exercise regulation. The cooling is a tool used with therapeutic and sporting proposes, in order to obtain thermoregulatory benefits. In the performance context, the cooling is used to attenuate the rate of body heat storage, thereby reducing the signalization provided by interoception means. There are suggestions that athletes may benefit from the body cooling when they compete in humid, hot environment. It is necessary, however, to test the effects of cooling in different instants, before and during long-term exercises, as well as in different exercise modes...(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Athletes , Cerebrum , Cold Temperature , Exercise , Fatigue , Hot Temperature , Interoception , EnvironmentABSTRACT
This study verified if a prior 5 repetition maximum (5RM) strength exercise would improve the cycling performance during a 20-km cycling time trial (TT20km). After determination of the 5RM leg press exercise load, 11 trained cyclists performed a TT20km in a control condition and 10-minute after 4 sets of 5RM strength exercise bouts (potentiation condition). Oxygen uptake, blood lactate concentration, ratings of perceived exertion (RPE), and power output data were recorded during the TT20km. Cycling economy index was assessed before the TT20km, and pacing strategy was analyzed assuming a "J-shaped" power output distribution profile. Results were a 6.1% reduction (p ≤ 0.05) in the time to complete the TT20km, a greater cycling economy (p < 0.01), and power output in the first 10% of the TT20km (i.e., trend; p = 0.06) in the potentiation condition. However, no differences were observed in pacing strategy, physiological parameters, and RPE between the conditions. These results suggest that 5RM strength exercise bouts improve the performance in a subsequent TT20km.
