The presence of depressive symptoms and cognitive performance among older individuals with and without self-reported chronic diseases.

Dementias secondary to cardiovascular diseases are the second cause of neurogenerative diseases. These conditions can be prevented by controlling risk factors, and it is necessary to observe the relationship between chronic diseases. Objective: to know the influence of chronic non-communicable diseases on cognition and depressive symptoms in the elderly, amid the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: 578 older adults were evaluated using a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Brazilian Telephone version of the Mini Mental State Examination (Braztel-MMSE), the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) and an open questionnaire related to NCDs. Results: the association of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCD) with age, depressive symptoms and schooling was confirmed. Conclusion: no association with cognitive decline was evident due to the relationship of high schooling of participants and control of NCDs.

As demências secundárias às doenças cardiovasculares são a segunda causa de doenças neurodegenerativas. Essas condições podem ser prevenidas pelo controle de fatores de risco, sendo necessário observar a relação entre doenças crônicas. Objetivo: Conhecer a influência das doenças crônicas não transmissíveis (DCNT) na cognição e nos sintomas depressivos em pessoas idosas, em meio à pandemia da COVID-19. Métodos: Foram avaliados 578 idosos utilizando um questionário sociodemográfico, o Brazilian telephone version of the Mini Mental State Examination (Braztel-MMSE), a Escala de Depressão Geriátrica (GDS-15) e um questionário aberto relacionado às DCNT. Resultados: Foi confirmada a associação das DCNT crônicas com idade, sintomas depressivos e escolaridade. Conclusão: Nenhuma associação com declínio cognitivo foi evidente em razão da relação da alta escolaridade dos participantes com o controle das DCNT.

The presence of depressive symptoms and cognitive performance among older individuals with and without self-reported chronic diseases / A presença de sintomas depressivos e o desempenho cognitivo entre pessoas idosas com e sem doenças crônicas autorreferidas

ABSTRACT. Dementias secondary to cardiovascular diseases are the second cause of neurogenerative diseases. These conditions can be prevented by controlling risk factors, and it is necessary to observe the relationship between chronic diseases. Objective: to know the influence of chronic non-communicable diseases on cognition and depressive symptoms in the elderly, amid the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: 578 older adults were evaluated using a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Brazilian Telephone version of the Mini Mental State Examination (Braztel-MMSE), the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) and an open questionnaire related to NCDs. Results: the association of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCD) with age, depressive symptoms and schooling was confirmed. Conclusion: no association with cognitive decline was evident due to the relationship of high schooling of participants and control of NCDs.

RESUMO. As demências secundárias às doenças cardiovasculares são a segunda causa de doenças neurodegenerativas. Essas condições podem ser prevenidas pelo controle de fatores de risco, sendo necessário observar a relação entre doenças crônicas. Objetivo: Conhecer a influência das doenças crônicas não transmissíveis (DCNT) na cognição e nos sintomas depressivos em pessoas idosas, em meio à pandemia da COVID-19. Métodos: Foram avaliados 578 idosos utilizando um questionário sociodemográfico, o Brazilian telephone version of the Mini Mental State Examination (Braztel-MMSE), a Escala de Depressão Geriátrica (GDS-15) e um questionário aberto relacionado às DCNT. Resultados: Foi confirmada a associação das DCNT crônicas com idade, sintomas depressivos e escolaridade. Conclusão: Nenhuma associação com declínio cognitivo foi evidente em razão da relação da alta escolaridade dos participantes com o controle das DCNT.

Experimental mixture design as a tool to evaluate coumarin (1,2-benzopyrone) extraction from Dipteryx odorata seeds.

Experimental mixture design was drawn to evaluated the effects of the interactions between water, methanol and ethyl acetate mixtures on the extraction efficiency of coumarin (1,2-benzopyrone) from Dipteryx odorata seeds. Solvents were defined considering those preferred as green solvents for natural products extraction. Ultrasonic-assisted extraction method developed was simple, fast, low cost and highly selective. Analyses were performed by reversed-phase liquid chromatography using acetonitrile/water (40:60 v/v) as mobile phase, a C18 column, and a diode-array detector at 274 nm. Results were evaluated in linear, quadratic, special cubic, and full cubic models. The Full cubic model showed the best extraction results with a total error of 3.67%. The optimal extraction point was obtained using 15% water, 20% methanol, and 65% ethyl acetate (v/v). Based on the Guide for the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurements and Monte Carlo simulations, the uncertainty expression presented deviations of 1.18 and 1.64, respectively, showing the reliability of the analytical method. D. odorata seeds are popularly used in the pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetic applications due to high content of coumarins. However, the yield of coumarins extraction depends on the proper choice of the extraction method and solvents. The ternary mixture was optimized and resulted in 3.82% coumarin (weight/seed), which, compared to literature, showed a good increase over that obtained using common solvents, without considering the mathematical modeling.