ABSTRACT
Hispanics in the United States experience significant health disparities. Using focus groups conducted in Spanish, we explored the perspectives of 172 Hispanic adults regarding their healthcare experiences. Many participants were women (64.5%) and primarily from Mexico (80%). Four major qualitative themes emerged: (a) provide us with information, (b) want attentive and respectful relationships, (c) want better care, and (d) perceived discrimination. Suboptimal patient-provider interactions were described. Research is needed to explore interventions that address these issues. Incorporating person-centered care principles and practices such as clear and understandable communication, culturally competent care, and customer service skills may benefit provider interactions with Hispanics.
Subject(s)
Attitude to Health/ethnology , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/therapy , Hispanic or Latino , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/ethnology , Family , Female , Focus Groups , Healthcare Disparities , Hispanic or Latino/psychology , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Qualitative Research , Quality of Health Care , Racism/psychologyABSTRACT
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to test efficacy of a family-based, culturally tailored intervention for Hispanics with type 2 diabetes and their family members. METHODS: Hispanic patients with type 2 diabetes and their family members recruited from community clinics and ethnic churches were assigned to groups (N = 186). The intervention group received an 8-week culturally tailored diabetes educational program delivered in Spanish while the attention control group received 8 weekly sessions on general health information and 2 sessions on diabetes after completion of the study. Data were collected at baseline, after intervention, and at 1- and 6-month follow-ups for both patients and families. Comparisons of change over time were performed using growth curve analyses after propensity score adjustment. RESULTS: Intervention patients improved in diabetes knowledge and diabetes self-efficacy over time (but did not sustain at 6-month follow-up). A1C was lower at 1-month follow-up. Family members had improvements in diabetes knowledge and physical health-related quality of life. CONCLUSIONS: Including families in the interventions may improve glycemic control, diabetes knowledge, self-efficacy, and physical health-related quality of life. However, strategies for sustaining improvements are needed.
Subject(s)
Culturally Competent Care/methods , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/therapy , Family/psychology , Hispanic or Latino/psychology , Self Care/methods , Adolescent , Adult , Blood Glucose/analysis , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/ethnology , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/psychology , Female , Glycated Hemoglobin/analysis , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Non-Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic , Quality of Life , Self Care/psychology , Treatment Outcome , Young AdultABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: This study examined changes in physical activity among Hispanics with diabetes and their families who received an 8-week diabetes self-management intervention. DESIGN: A quasi-experimental design was used to conduct a secondary analysis of physical activity data from two intervention studies that used the same protocols and measures. SAMPLE: A total of 65 patients and 66 family members participated in the studies. MEASURES: Physical activity was measured with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and pedometers. Self-report of physical activity was collected pre- and postintervention, and pedometer data for the 8 weeks of the intervention period. INTERVENTION: The interventions consisted of 8 weeks of educational sessions. RESULTS: IPAQ walking Metabolic Equivalent of Task (MET)-minutes per week significantly increased for patients (p < .001) and family members (p < .001) from pre- to postintervention as did moderate activity MET-minutes/week for family members (p = .004). Based on pedometer steps, the percentage of sedentary patients declined from 38% to 17% over the intervention record; differences in pedometer steps over time were not significant for patients (p = .803) or family members (p = .144). CONCLUSIONS: Pedometers are a cost effective and user-friendly method of measuring physical activity. Pedometers can also serve as a motivator to help increase physical activity among Hispanics with diabetes and their family members.
Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/ethnology , Family/ethnology , Health Promotion/methods , Hispanic or Latino/psychology , Walking/statistics & numerical data , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/therapy , Family/psychology , Female , Hispanic or Latino/statistics & numerical data , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Monitoring, Ambulatory/instrumentation , Patient Education as Topic , Self Care , Surveys and Questionnaires , Young AdultABSTRACT
Contiene: 1. La partera; 2. Atención de un buen parto; 3. Señales de peligro: señales de peligro en el embarazo, señales de peligro en el parto, señales de peligro después del parto, señales de peligro en el recién nacido
