ABSTRACT
Hypertension is, in a minority of cases, secondary to an identifiable cause. In this context, the aetiology of the blood pressure elevation is essential since it may be treatable. We present a case of a young woman with hypertension secondary to fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) of the renal artery in which the endovascular treatment was crucial for its management.
Subject(s)
Fibromuscular Dysplasia , Hypertension , Hypertensive Encephalopathy , Female , Fibromuscular Dysplasia/complications , Humans , Hypertension/complications , Minority Groups , Renal Artery/diagnostic imagingABSTRACT
Although tuberculosis manifests mostly as a pulmonary disease, extrapulmonary presentations can occur and must be taken into consideration depending on the clinical setting.
ABSTRACT
Hypoparathyroidism is a rare endocrine disorder and its main cause is cervical surgery such as thyroidectomy. The incidence of hypoparathyroidism after total thyroidectomy varies, and is reported to be between 0.3 and 6.3%. In terms of brain imaging, hypoparathyroidism can cause calcification mainly of the basal ganglia, with other areas rarely affected. Concerning extracerebral calcification, few studies have investigated the prevalence of visceral calcifications. We describe a case of a woman with secondary hypocalcaemia who presented with a transient ischaemic attack (TIA) and the investigation revealed an extensive calcinosis of the brain and the vascular structures responsible for the event. LEARNING POINTS: Iatrogenic hypoparathyroidism with hypocalcaemia is an important complication of total thyroidectomy. Hypocalcaemia manifestations can vary from asymptomatic to life-threatening conditions.Hypoparathyroidism (with hypocalcaemia) can cause cerebral calcification mainly of basal ganglia, with other areas of the brain rarely affected.Extracerebral calcifications are under-studied.
ABSTRACT
Infections caused by protozoans remain a public health issue, especially in tropical countries. Serious adverse events, lack of efficacy at the different stages of the infection and routes of administration that have a negative impact on treatment adherence are some of the problems with currently available therapy against these diseases. Here we describe an epigenetic target, sirtuin 2 and its related proteins, that is promising given the results in phenotypic assays and in vivo models against Sir2 of Plasmodium falciparum, Leishmania donovani, Leishmania infantum, Schistosoma mansoni, Trypanosoma brucei and Trypanosoma cruzi parasites. The results we present highlight how this target can be extensively explored and how its inhibitors might be employed in the clinic.
