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1.
Environ Toxicol Chem ; 2024 Jul 09.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38980319

ABSTRACT

In 2019, there was an environmental catastrophe in Brazil, when more than 5000 tons of unknown origin crude oil invaded beaches and mangroves. Two years later, two monitoring areas were selected to study seahorses' offspring: Massangana River estuary (apparently healthy area) and Cocaia Island (affected area). Thirty-six reproductive events of Hippocampus reidi (Syngnathidae) couples from these two areas were monitored to analyze the offspring. At the apparently healthy area, no newborns with malformations were found. However, the offspring from Cocaia Island showed a mean of 19.73% (±5.23) malformations in newborns. It is argued that the toxic/teratogenic effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons have affected the population in two ways: directly through the induction of mutations in the germ cells of the species and through a drastic reduction of the population (bottleneck effect) whose density observed today recovered through consanguineous couplings, potentiating deleterious genotypes in the offspring. Environ Toxicol Chem 2024;00:1-9. © 2024 SETAC.

2.
Neotrop. ichthyol ; 15(4): e170067, 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-895112

ABSTRACT

Estimating population parameters is essential for understanding the ecology of species, which ultimately helps to assess their conservation status. The seahorse Hippocampus reidi is directly exposed to anthropogenic threats along the Brazilian coast, but the species still figures as Data Deficient (DD) at IUCN's Red List. To provide better information on the ecology of this species, we studied how population parameters vary over time in a natural subtropical environment. By combing mark-recapture models for open and closed populations, we estimated abundance, survival rate, emigration probability, and capture probability. We marked 111 individuals, which showed a 1:1 sex ratio, and an average size of 10.5 cm. The population showed high survival rate, low temporary emigration probability and variable capture probability and abundance. Our models considering relevant biological criteria illuminate the relatively poorly known population ecology and life history of seahorses. It is our hope that this study inspires the use of mark-recapture methods in other populations of H. reidi in a collective effort to properly assess their conservation status.(AU)


Parâmetros populacionais são essenciais para compreender a ecologia das espécies, além de auxiliar a avalição do seu status de conservação. Dentre as espécies de cavalo-marinho que ocorrem no Brasil, Hippocampus reidi é a mais abundante, o que expõe suas populações a frequentes ameaças antropogênicas. Entretanto, esta espécie ainda consta como Deficiente em Dados (DD) na lista vermelha da IUCN. Considerando esta falta de informações sobre populações de H. reidi, utilizamos métodos de marcação e recaptura para avaliar como parâmetros de uma população de ambiente subtropical variam ao longo do tempo. Baseado em históricos de captura individuais, combinamos modelos de populações abertas e fechadas para estimar abundância, taxa de sobrevivência, probabilidade de emigração e probabilidade de captura. Ao todo, marcamos 111 indivíduos, em proporção sexual de 1:1, e tamanho médio de 10,5 cm. Esta população relativamente pequena apresentou alta taxa de sobrevivência, baixa probabilidade de emigração temporária e probabilidade de captura e abundância variáveis. A partir dos nossos modelos que consideraram critérios biológicos relevantes, fornecemos estimativas de parâmetros chave que auxiliarão a compreensão da ecologia e da história de vida de cavalos-marinhos. Nossa expectativa é que este método passe a ser amplamente utilizado em outras populações, em um esforço coletivo para avaliar o estado de conservação desta espécie.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Ecology , Emigration and Immigration/statistics & numerical data , Emigration and Immigration/trends , Fishes/classification
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