ABSTRACT
The successful synthesis of hydroxyapatite (HA), ß-Tricalcium phosphate (ß-TCP) and two biphasic mixtures (BCPs) of the two was performed by means of wet precipitation. The resulting crystals were characterized and the BCP composition was analyzed and identified as 13% HA-87% TCP and 41% HA-59% TCP. All samples were treated with curcumin solutions, and the degree of curcumin loading and release was found to be proportional to the TCP content of the ceramic. No further cytotoxicity was observed upon MG-63 treatment with the curcumin-loaded ceramics. Finally, the alkaline phosphatase activity of the cells was found to increase with increasing content of TCP, which provides an encouraging proof of concept for the use of curcumin-loaded synthetic biomaterials in bone remodeling.
ABSTRACT
The differential effects of dual-acid etched (Osseotite), hydroxyapatite coated (HA) and sand-blasted/acid-etched (SLA) titanium surfaces on human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal cells (hMSCs) were investigated. Proliferation was significantly promoted on the SLA surfaces. 16 genes were significantly upregulated when hMSCs were cultured on the Osseotite and the HA surfaces and 15 genes on the SLA surfaces. Upregulated genes control cell differentiation, signal transduction, cell cycle regulation, angiogenesis, cell adhesion, and extracellular matrix and bone formation.
Subject(s)
Cell Adhesion , Dental Implants , Mesenchymal Stem Cells , Osteogenesis/genetics , Titanium , Air Abrasion, Dental , Analysis of Variance , Bone Marrow Cells , Cell Differentiation , Cell Proliferation , Cells, Cultured , Coated Materials, Biocompatible , Durapatite , Extracellular Matrix/physiology , Gene Expression Profiling , Humans , Mesenchymal Stem Cells/cytology , Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis , Osteoblasts/physiology , Regression Analysis , Surface PropertiesABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: The effect of a chemical modification of the SLA surface (SLActive surface) on human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal cells (hMSCs) on; (1) adhesion, (2) proliferation and (3) early transcriptional control of osteogenic differentiation was investigated. We are based on the hypothesis that expression patterns of genes responsible for osteogenesis might be dependent on the characteristics of the implant surface. MATERIAL AND METHODS: hMSCs were allowed to grow on smooth (SMO-control), SLA and SLActive implant surfaces (chemically modified). Cell attachment and proliferation were assessed at 3 and 24 h using a MTT dye reduction assay. At 24 h of culture, DNA microarray analysis examined alterations in early gene expression using a human osteogenesis gene array, including 109 cDNAs in quadruplicates of major regulatory genes for osteogenesis. RESULTS: Initial attachment and proliferation were found to be significantly reduced. Nineteen genes were significantly upregulated when hMSCs were cultured on the SLA surfaces and 27 genes were significantly upregulated when hMSCs were cultured on the SLActive surfaces. Upregulated genes control cell differentiation, signal transduction, cell cycle regulation, angiogenesis, cell adhesion and extracellular matrix and bone formation. DISCUSSION: Chemical modification decreases further cell attachment and proliferation and upregulates early osteoblastic differentiation genes. Hence, a microenvironment is created around chemically modified implants that may enhance osseointegration.
Subject(s)
Dental Etching/methods , Dental Implants , Dental Materials/chemistry , Mesenchymal Stem Cells/physiology , Osteoblasts/physiology , Acid Etching, Dental/methods , Bone Marrow Cells/physiology , Cell Adhesion/physiology , Cell Cycle/genetics , Cell Differentiation/physiology , Cell Proliferation , Cells, Cultured , Coloring Agents , Extracellular Matrix/genetics , Gene Expression Profiling , Gene Expression Regulation/genetics , Gene Regulatory Networks/genetics , Humans , Neovascularization, Physiologic/genetics , Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis , Osteogenesis/genetics , Signal Transduction/genetics , Surface Properties , Tetrazolium Salts , Thiazoles , Time Factors , Titanium/chemistry , Transcription, Genetic/genetics , Up-Regulation/geneticsABSTRACT
The transposition of connective tissue to increase the zone of keratinized tissue or cover exposed root surfaces has become an integral part of the surgical dental practice. An effort to expand the surgical protocol to gingival recession of ulcerative etiology is presented. Parameters such as pathogenesis, clinical characteristic, and histopathology are analytically discussed. Furthermore, different aspects of the mucogingival therapy phase of the grafting procedure are presented.
