Subject(s)
Chin/abnormalities , Surgery, Plastic/methods , Adult , Child , Chin/surgery , Female , Humans , Male , Referral and Consultation , Sex FactorsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to validate a nutrition screening tool for use in South Manchester University Hospitals Trust. METHOD: A sample of 100 patients was selected from medical, surgical and elderly care wards. To test the reliability of the screening tool, nurses and dietitians completed the screening tool on the same patient. These results were compared for interobserver error to determine whether the screening tool was reproducible with different observers. To ascertain if the screening tool identified malnutrition at ward level, four markers commonly used to assess nutritional status were collected. These included body mass index (BMI), mid upper arm circumference MUAC, percentage weight loss, and energy intake calculated from the patient's first full day in hospital and expressed as a percentage of their estimated average requirements (EAR). RESULTS: There was a 95% level of agreement between nurses and dietitians within +/-3. The screening tool had a sensitivity level of 78% and a specificity of 52% when compared to all patients who had one or more markers indicating malnutrition. This association was found to be statistically significant (P < 0.005). CONCLUSION: The screening tool is reliable when completed by different observers and is valid for wide scale nutritional assessment. The screening tool identifies an acceptable number of patients who are malnourished but overestimates patients at moderate risk.
Subject(s)
Nutrition Assessment , Nutrition Disorders/diagnosis , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Body Mass Index , Energy Intake , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Nutritional Requirements , Nutritional Status , Observer Variation , Reproducibility of Results , Sensitivity and Specificity , Skinfold Thickness , Weight LossSubject(s)
Malocclusion/therapy , Orthodontic Appliances, Functional , Orthodontic Wires , Orthodontics, Corrective/instrumentation , Adolescent , Adult , Cephalometry , Child , Clinical Protocols , Dental Stress Analysis , Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted , Female , Humans , Orthodontics, Corrective/methodsSubject(s)
Malocclusion/therapy , Orthodontic Appliances, Functional , Orthodontic Wires , Orthodontics, Corrective/instrumentation , Orthodontics, Corrective/methods , Adolescent , Adult , Cephalometry , Child , Clinical Protocols , Dental Stress Analysis , Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted , Female , HumansABSTRACT
The "Controlled Arch System", coupled with a proper diagnosis and treatment plan, should produce excellent occlusion and esthetics for your patients from their Mixed Dentition growth period onward. The authors have offered a method of Phase I treatment for children of Mixed Dentition age that can be outlined as follows: 1. Fit maxillary and mandibular Functional Orthopedic appliances to produce whatever transverse expansion of the arches is needed, then distalize the maxillary 6 year molars to a super Class I relation, according the measurements assessed by the Sim Model Analysis. 2. On removal of the Functional Orthopedic appliances, upper and lower Fixed-Removable Lingual Arches are fitted to stabilize teeth and bone. 3. As needed, fit maxillary and mandibular 2 x 4 or 2 x 6 fixed Straightwire appliances with Nickel Titanium wires, utilizing pinched molar hook/stops to establish molar anchorage to level, align and rotate permanent incisors (and lower permanent canines, if erupted). 4. When alignment of the permanent incisors is completed, the FRLAs are left in place as "insurance" appliances to insure that no loss of arch width or arch length occurs. The FRLAs are left in place for up to two years as retainers. 5. Be sure to inform parents and patients that Phase II comprehensive fixed Straightwire treatment is almost certain to be needed during adolescence when the 28 permanent teeth have erupted. 6. Use of this "Controlled Arch System" not only simplifies and shortens the duration of orthodontic treatment, but also can dramatically lower the percentage of extraction cases in an orthodontic practice.
Subject(s)
Malocclusion/therapy , Orthodontic Appliances, Functional , Orthodontic Wires , Orthodontics, Interceptive/instrumentation , Child , Dentition, Mixed , Humans , Maxillofacial DevelopmentABSTRACT
The new Sim-Gordon Computerized Analysis is simple to use, basic in the orthodontic diagnostic values that need to be measured and entered, and serves as an extremely useful guide for the treatment planning of orthodontic patients. It will run on any IBM compatible computer, and uses less than 740 Kb of space on a disk. So far as is known, all insurance companies will accept it. It is a pleasure to announce the availability of this reasonable and cost-effective, simplified, IAO-accepted, professional orthodontic diagnostic system to our fellow practitioners. The authors would like to thank Dr. Duane Keller, Dr. Yosh Jefferson, Dr. Thomas Hughes, Dr. Rudy Postema, Dr. Michel Champagne, Dr. John Byland, Dr. Kenneth Lyle, and Dr. Janet Doerr for their helpful suggestions and aid in the selection of values to be measured.
