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1.
J. coloproctol. (Rio J., Impr.) ; 34(1): 19-28, Jan-Mar/2014. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-707096

ABSTRACT

In spite of the large experience acquired in the last 50 years with the surgical treatment of the Chagasic megacolon, the use of colorectal video laparoscopic surgery brought some controversy in several aspects of the treatment that already had been considered as resolved. One of the basic aspects to the establishment of the colorectal video laparoscopic surgery is to maintain the same procedure of the conventional surgery, since the results obtained in this operation were considered as curative. Constipation is only a symptom of a multisymptomatic disease, and the surgical treatment of acquired megacolon must be considered as definitive in the cure of this symptom; recurrence of the constipation or dilatation after a short period of time must be considered deleterious to the patient. Based in 41 years of experience with the Duhamel procedure in the treatment of 912 patients with acquired megacolon, the authors propose to apply the same technique in the surgical laparoscopic approach of acquired megacolon, including the same colon-recto-anal anastomosis. The results obtained in 56 patients operated on by laparoscopic approach showed the same curative results, but with lower morbidity. (AU)


Apesar da vasta experiência adquirida nos últimos 50 anos com o tratamento cirúrgico do megacolo adquirido, a introdução da cirurgia laparoscópica voltou a trazer controvérsia para alguns pontos anteriormente considerados como esclarecidos. Uma das regras básicas para a introdução da videolaparoscopia no tratamento das enfermidades colorretais tem sido a de se manter a técnica original utilizada em cirurgias pela via convencional, desde que os resultados observados na mesma conduzam à cura dos sintomas ou da enfermidade causal. Em especial, no referente ao tratamento cirúrgico do megacolo adquirido a proposta de um tratamento cirúrgico deve ter em mente que diferentemente do que ocorre com a cirurgia para tratamento de outras enfermidades, benignas ou malignas, neste caso não se almeja o tratamento causal da enfermidade, mas essencialmente a cura da manifestação de um de seus sintomas. É, pois, realmente importante que se considere um tratamento que não venha a resultar em bons resultados por apenas um curto espaço de tempo, mas que possibilite ao paciente livrar-se definitivamente de um sintoma, visto que é possível que em curto espaço de tempo ele venha a necessitar tratar outra manifestação sintomatológica (cardíaca ou esofágica) da enfermidade causal. Baseados na experiência adquirida nos últimos 50 anos (912 pacientes) com a técnica de Duhamel, em que o ponto importante é a realização de uma ampla anastomose da parede anterior do cólon abaixado à parede posterior (mucosa) do reto, ao mesmo tempo em que se anastomosa a parede posterior do cólon abaixado ao canal anal, são analisados os resultados obtidos com esta mesma técnica realizada por laparoscopia. Esta mesma incisão no canal anal serve para a retirada do segmento cólico ressecado, sem necessidade de laparotomia auxiliar. Os resultados observados em 56 pacientes quanto à cura da obstipação são similares aos registrados na cirurgia convencional, porém com um menor índice de morbidade, seja intra ou pós-operatória. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Anal Canal/surgery , Anastomosis, Surgical , Laparoscopy , Megacolon/surgery , Preoperative Care , Constipation
2.
Tech Coloproctol ; 9(2): 159-61; discussion 161, 2005 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16007354

ABSTRACT

The concept that hemorrhoidal disease is a consequence of disorders of the cephalic portion of the anal canal, i.e. weakness of the vascular cushions and the connective tissue, is the basis for modifying the usual surgical technique in many aspects. The two main differences of the method described are: (i) the internal plexus is treated by parceled ligature, avoiding resection of the mucosa, but providing a firm fixation of the submucosa and subsequent fixation of the anal epithelium to the underlying sphincter in the anal canal; (ii) the external plexus is removed preserving as much as possible the anal margin skin, and the resulting wound is partially closed, resulting in a small drainage area; and (iii) a firm fixation of the submucosa and subsequent fixation of the anal epithelium to the underlying sphincter are achieved without mucosa resection.


Subject(s)
Anal Canal/surgery , Hemorrhoids/surgery , Suture Techniques , Humans , Ligation
3.
JSLS ; 6(2): 163-7, 2002.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12113422

ABSTRACT

The main controversy of colon-rectal laparoscopic surgery comes from its use as a cancer treatment. Two points deserve special attention: the incidence of port-site tumor implantation and the possibility of performing radical cancer surgery, such as total mesorectum excision. Once these points are addressed, the laparoscopic approach will be used routinely to treat rectal cancer. To clarify these points, 32 patients with cancer of the lower rectum participated in a special protocol that included preoperative radiotherapy and laparoscopic total mesorectum excision. All data were recorded. At the same time, all data recorded from the experience of a multicenter laparoscopic group (Brazilian Colorectal Laparoscopic Surgeons - 130 patients with tumor of the lower rectum) were analyzed and compared with the data provided by our patients. Analysis of the results suggests that a laparoscopic approach allows the same effective resection as that of conventional surgery and that preoperative irradiation does not influence the incidence of intraoperative complications. The extent of lymph nodal excision is similar to that obtained with open surgery, with an average of 12.3 lymph nodes dissected per specimen. The rate of local recurrence was 3.12%. No port site implantation of tumor was noted in this series of patients with cancer of the lower rectum.


Subject(s)
Adenocarcinoma/surgery , Laparoscopy , Rectal Neoplasms/surgery , Adenocarcinoma/pathology , Adenocarcinoma/radiotherapy , Female , Humans , Lymph Node Excision , Male , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local , Postoperative Complications , Rectal Neoplasms/pathology , Rectal Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Treatment Outcome
4.
Rev. colomb. cir ; 15(4): 254-260, dic. 2000. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-327546

ABSTRACT

Entre 1978-1996, un total de 287 pacientes con adenocarcinoma rectal fueron tratados con radioterapia. El mismo protocolo fue utilizado en todos los pacientes: dosis total de 400cGy; dosis diaria de 200cGy; durante un periodo de 4 semanas y cirugia 10 dias despues. Un análisis de los resultados demostro que la irradiacion aplicada en el preoperatorio disminuyo el numero de celulas carcinomatosas, cambiando significativamente el porcentaje de Broders, al mismo tiempo que redujo la incidencia de recidiva local (3,48 por ciento) y la mortalidad secundaria a la misma (2,43 por ciento). Estadisticamente la radiacion preoperatoria resulto en un aumento significativo de la supervivencia a largo plazo (80,17 por ciento).


Subject(s)
Prognosis , Rectal Neoplasms
5.
Rev. colomb. cir ; 15(2): 13-17, jun. 2000. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-327554

ABSTRACT

La cirugia laparoscopica (CL) colorrectal merece una atencion especial como una alternativa terapeutica segura, asi sea para el tratamiento del cancer, ya que oncologicamente la indicacion y la radicalidad no cambian. Los pasos de la cirugia convencional pueden ser seguidos con precision. La amputacion abdomino-perineal del recto por via laparoscopica permite el mismo grado de radicalidad con relacion a la extirpacion del mesorrecto y de los bordes de reseccion laterales; además, el trauma quirurgico es mucho menor. Se debe hacer enfasis en dos puntos: 1) La recuperacion fisica es mejor: al deambular, al comer, el tiempo necesario para regresar a la actividad fisica habitual es menor. 2) La colostomia se hace en un abdomen libre de cicatrices, permitiendo una mejor manipulacion. La pieza anatómica es retirada con la misma tecnica convencional y su examen anatomopatologico demostro el mismo numero de ganglios resecados. La recidiva a corto y mediano plazo (local y sistemica) fue semejante al porcentaje observado con la cirugia convencional.


Subject(s)
Laparoscopy , Rectal Neoplasms
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