Effects of articaine on intrapulpal, mandibular, and femoral pressures in dogs.

Articaine, a new local anesthetic and the first substance of the amide type with a thiophene ring, has been studied to evaluate its effects on intrapulpal blood pressure (IPP) and mandibular and femoral pressures (MAP, FAP) after injections in the posterior mental foramen (PMF). Eight mongrel dogs of either sex, 9-12 months of age weighing from 15-25 kg were anesthetized. The PMF and the middle foramen were uncovered to expose the vascular-nerve bundle. The mandibular artery was dissected, cannulated, and filled with a heparinized normal saline solution. A 27-gauge needle was placed into the PMF for the injections of the local anesthetic. Into the ipsilateral canine, a cannula hermetically sealed and filled with heparinized saline solution was inserted. All hemodynamic measurements (IPP, MAP, FAP) were recorded with a precalibrated polygraph. The results obtained allow us to conclude that articaine 4% with epinephrine 1:100,000 injected in the PMF (0.3 ml), produces a drop of the intrapulpal blood pressure due to a strong vasoconstriction, whereas this effect is less pronounced at the MAP level and almost inexistent in the FAP.

[Oral manifestations in the patient taking antineoplastic medication. The role of the dentist]. / Manifestations odontostomatologiques chez le patient soumis á une médication antinéoplastique. Le rôle du dentiste.

This article details the pernicious odontostomatological effects provoked by antitumorous and immunosuppressive medication. The role of the dentist as a member of the chemotherapeutic team is highlighted as well.

Self-correction of anterior openbite after glossectomy in a young rhesus monkey.

One monkey among several normal cohorts developed an openbite and a bizarre feeding pattern. Both disappeared spontaneously following a medial partial glossectomy.

The effect of epinephrine on pulpal microcirculation.

The effect of epinephrine (Epi) on the microcirculation of the pulp and its neuropharmacological mechanism has been established, as well as the existence of alpha adrenergic receptors in the blood vessels of the pulp. In addition, our results showed that local injections of Epi at doses greater than 10(-8) M produced an extreme drop in intrapulpal pressure (IPP). This effect was not obtained when Epi was injected intravenously.

Effect of experimental microglossia on craniofacial growth.

The present experiment provides data on the morphogenetic effects of experimentally produced microglossia (by glossectomy) on the maxillofacial skeleton of the rat. Nineteen males and nineteen females subjected to this surgical procedure were compared, using an analysis of variance, with an equal number (thirty-eight) of nonoperated littermates of both sexes, which served as a control group. The surgical procedures were performed on the animals when they were 21 days old. They were killed 64 days later, at the age of 12 weeks, or at the end of the growing period. It was demonstrated that the activity of different proliferating maxillofacial sites was significantly reduced (p less than 0.01 and 0.001) in all three dimensions. This affected both the basal and alveolar bones at the same time.

New method for comparing the activity of local anesthetics used in dentistry.

A method using conscious rats was designed to determine, measure, and compare the local anesthetic property of agents used in dentistry. The technique involves a local anesthetic blockade of the mental and incisive nerves at the mental foramen and electrical stimulation proximal to the anesthetized region. This pharmacodynamic method is simple to perform and appropriate for the assessment of local anesthetics as used in clinical dentistry.