ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To determine the trend of high school students from Valparaíso Chile by means of an anthropometrical somatotype. MATERIAL AND METHODS: two samples of students during the years 1984-1985 (86 men and 71 women) and 2009-2010 (77 men and 86 women) between 15 and 18 years of age have been studied. Somatotype was estimated by the Heath-Carter anthropometric method. RESULTS: significant differences were found in all the variables of the somatotype during the periods studied (p < 0.01), except for height (p = 0.176) and humeral breadth in women (p = 0.067). Important distinctions were also found in the endomorphic, mesomorphic and ectomorphic components (p < 0.01). Men measurements registered remarkable differences in all the variables (p < 0.01), with the exception of weight (p = 0.156), calf breadth (p = 0.906) and arm breadth in contraction (p = 0.284). Measurement results of endomorphic (p < 0.01), ectomorphic (p < 0.01) and mesomorfic components (p < 0.05) revealed considerable differences. During the period 1984-1985, men classified as balanced mesomorph 2.7-4.8-3.1 which switched to mesomorph-endomorph 3.8-4.3-2.5 in the period 2009-2010. And the population of women in the 1984-1985 period is classified as mesomorph-endomorph 4.2-4.7-2.1 and changes to a mesomorphic-endomorph biotype 6.6-4.1-1.3 in the 2009-2010. CONCLUSIONS: the somatotype of the adolescent population, especially women in Valparaiso, Chile has changed to a predominant endomorphic biotype, and its mesomorphic component has decreased. A high relative adiposity contributes to increase the probability for these people to suffer non-transmissible chronic diseases and cardiovascular issues.
Subject(s)
Somatotypes/physiology , Adiposity/physiology , Adolescent , Anthropometry , Arm/anatomy & histology , Body Height/physiology , Body Weight/physiology , Chile/epidemiology , Female , Humans , Leg/anatomy & histology , Male , Sex Characteristics , Skinfold Thickness , StudentsABSTRACT
Objective: To determine the trend of high school students from Valparaíso Chile by means of an anthropometrical somatotype Material and methods: two samples of students during the years 1984-1985 (86 men and 71 women) and 2009-2010 (77 men and 86 women) between 15 and 18 years of age have been studied. Somatotype was estimated by the Heath-Carter anthropometric method. Results: significant differences were found in all the variables of the somatotype during the periods studied(p < 0.01), except for height (p = 0.176) and humeral breadth in women (p = 0.067). Important distinctions were also found in the endomorphic, mesomorphic andectomorphic components (p < 0.01). Men measurements registered remarkable differences in all the variables (p <0.01), with the exception of weight (p = 0.156), calf breadth (p = 0.906) and arm breadth in contraction (p =0.284). Measurement results of endomorphic (p<0.01),ectomorphic (p < 0.01) and mesomorfic components (p <0.05) revealed considerable differences. During the period 1984-1985, men classified as balanced mesomorph 2.7-4.8-3.1 which switched to mesomorph-endomorph 3.8-4.3-2.5 in the period 2009-2010.And the population of women in the 1984-1985 period is classified as mesomorph-endomorph 4.2-4.7-2.1 and changes to a mesomorphic-endomorph biotype 6.6-4.1-1.3 in the 2009-2010.Conclusions: the somatotype of the adolescent population, especially women in Valparaiso, Chile has changedto a predominant endomorphic biotype, and its mesomorphic component has decreased. A high relative adiposity contributes to increase the probability for these people to suffer non-transmissible chronic diseases and cardiovascular issues (AU)
Objetivo: Determinar la tendencia de una población de estudiantes de educación secundaria de Valparaíso, Chilea través del somatotipo. Material y métodos: Se han estudiado dos muestras de estudiantes durante los períodos 1984-1985 (hombres 86y mujeres 71) y 2009-2010 (hombres 77 y mujeres 86) de15 a 18 años. Se registraron los datos antropométricos para evaluar el somatotipo antropométrico de Heath Carter. Resultados: Para todas las variables del somatotipo de Heath-Carter se encontraron diferencias significativas entre los períodos estudiados (p < 0,01) excepto para talla(p = 0,176) y diámetro humeral (p = 0,067) en mujeres,para los componentes endomorfo, mesomorfo y ectomorfo también se registran diferencias significativas (p <0,01). En hombres, se registran diferencias significativas para todas las variables (p < 0,01) con excepción de peso(p = 0,156), perímetro de pierna (p=906) y perímetro de brazo en contracción (p = 0,284). También se observan diferencias significativas en los componentes endomorfo(p < 0,01), ectomorfo (p < 0,01) y mesomorfo (p < 0,05). La población de mujeres del periodo 1984-1985 se clasifica como endomorfo-mesomorfo 4,2-4,7-2,1 y cambia a un perfil endo-mesomórfico 6,6-4,1-1,3 en el 2009-2010. En los hombres en el periodo 1984-1985 se clasifica como mesomorfismo balaceado 2,7-4,8-3,1 y cambia a un endomorfo-mesomorfo 3,8-4,3-2,5 en el periodo 2009-2010. Conclusiones: El somatotipo de la población de adolescentes de Valparaíso, Chile se ha desplazado hacia un biotipo predominantemente endomorfo sobre todo en mujeres y ha disminuido su componente mesomórfico. Este perfil con una alta adiposidad relativa contribuye a aumentar las probabilidades de que esta población sufra enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles y cardiovasculares (AU)
