Quantitation of lipid-laden macrophages in evaluation of lower airway cytology specimens from pediatric patients.

Quantitation of lipid-laden macrophages has been used as a tool in the diagnosis of aspiration-related respiratory disorders. Fifty-six respiratory specimens from pediatric patients with lung diseases were retrospectively reviewed, and lipid-laden macrophage indices were evaluated according to modified published grading methods. The indices from patients at high risk for aspiration were significantly different from those at low risk. A simpler and more reproducible grading method was introduced. An important issue regarding sample adequacy was also addressed.