To Study the Outcome of Cartilage Tympanoplasty Type I in Patients with Medium and Large Perforations Using 0.5 mm Sliced Conchal Cartilage Reinforced with Temporalis Fascia Grafts with 5 Years Follow-up.

Aims: To study the outcome of cartilage tympanoplasty type I in patients with medium and large perforations using 0.5 mm sliced conchal cartilage reinforced with temporalis fascia grafts with 5 years follow-up. Study Design: Retrospective clinical study. Patients and Method: 120 patients with dry tympanic membrane perforation medium and large size and intact ossicular chain, and with no history of previous ear surgery were selected. An underlay type one tympanoplasty, using 0.5 mm sliced conchal cartilage reinforced with temporalis fascia, was performed during 2018-19. A successful anatomical outcome was considered to comprise full, intact healing of the graft without perforation these patients were evaluated for at least 5 years post-operatively till 2023. Results: In this study graft uptake rate was 95.33% for medium size and 93.66% for large perforations at 3 months and after 5 years of follow-up 92.77% medium size and large size perforations were 89.67.66% (P < 0.001). Residual perforations were there in about 7.29% in medium and 10.33% in large size perfrations. Conclusion: Sliced conchal cartilage reinforced with temporalis fascia is a reliable technique for tympanoplasty, with improved graft uptake results in medium and large perforations in the long-term, also the residual perforations is significantly lower.

Synthesis of imidazole-fused nitrogen-bridgehead heterocycles catalysed by lipase and their antifungal and antimicrobial bioactivity.

An effective approach for selective C-N bond formation for synthesising imidazo[1,2-a] pyridine-based heterocycles using porcine pancreatic lipase (PPL) as a biocatalyst has been devised. Under moderate conditions, a series of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-based heterocycle derivatives were synthesised with remarkable selectivity in good-to-excellent yields (89-95%). Further, the antimicrobial and antifungal activities of derivatives 3ha, 3ka, 3fa, 3hc, and 3eb were observed, and they were found to be biologically active in antimicrobial susceptibility tests for Gram-positive bacteria (Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 and Staphylococcus auris ATCC 25923), Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853) and fungal strains (Candida albicans ATCC 90028 and Candida tropicalis ATCC 750).

Analysis of key factors influencing individual financial well-being using ISM and MICMAC approach.

A growing complexity in the financial world has attracted the interest of academicians and policymakers to examine the financial planning and well-being of individuals. This study attempts to explore the individual level determinants for improving financial well-being. Based upon the literature review, key enablers of individual financial well-being were identified which were then finalized by incorporating expert suggestions. Pursuant to this, six levels hierarchical structure was developed with the application of interpretive structural modeling (ISM) technique. Next, Matriced'ImpactsCroises Multiplication Appliques a un Classement (MICMAC) analysis was applied to determine the dependence and driving power of the identified variables. Our findings demonstrate that socio-economic factors and financial socialization are placed at the bottom level in the ISM hierarchy and all of them are also found to have the highest driving power under the MICMAC classification. On the other hand, healthy financial behaviors emerge on the top level and have the highest dependence power. The results of the study can provide valuable insights to financial educators and policymakers in terms of a better understanding of individual level enablers and their interrelationships. The knowledge of the importance of each enabler can enhance their capability to formulate improved strategies focused on securing the financial future of individuals. The concern of living a financially secured life is growing in a world full of economic uncertainties. Individual differences play a vital role in achieving a higher level of financial well-being. This study is one of the preliminary attempts to identify the individual level factors and rank them according to importance.

Magnetically recoverable Fe3O4 nanocatalyst for the synthesis of biodynamically significant 1H-pyrazolo[1,2-b]phthalazine-5,10-diones derivatives and its DFT study.

An environmentally sustainable and proficient method is reported for the synthesis of medicinally important pyrazolo[1,2-b] phthalazine dione derivatives by aqueous micellar medium catalysed by Fe3O4 NPs. Dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylate with isocyanides in the presence of phthalhydrazide is used as starting material. The main advantages of this protocol are the availability of starting materials, short reaction times, green solvents and practical simplicity.

To Study the Long Term Outcome of Endoscopic Septoplasty with Microdebrider Assisted Inferior Turbinoplasty (MAIT) Versus Medial Flap Turbinoplasty (MFT).

To study the long term outcome of endoscopic septoplasty with microdebrider assisted inferior turbinoplasty (MAIT) versus medial flap turbinoplasty (MFT). The present study was conducted in the Department of ENT, Government Medical College, Amritsar. Patients with symptomatic persistent nasal obstruction were recruited from ENT outdoor clinics. The nasal obstruction was persistent despite medical therapy that included a minimum 4 weeks. The study was primarily a double blinded prospective randomized control study including 120 patients, where all patients enrolled at odd numbers were taken for endoscopic septoplasty with microdebrider assisted inferior turbinoplasty and all patients with even numbers were taken for endoscopic septoplasty with MFT. Patient-scored nasal obstruction (1-5) along with blindly assessed nasal airway patency ratings (1-4) was done at 3 and 24 months postoperatively. A total of 120 patients were recruited in the study. The mean ages of the MAIT and MFT groups were 28.61 ± 14.8 and 30.25 ± 8.36 years, respectively. Average follow-up period was 21.9 ± 6.3 months. Nasal obstruction was improved in both techniques at 3 months, but after long term follow up, it was highly significant for MFT along with improvement in preoperative symptoms p < 0.001. No patients complained of worsening of their obstruction. Nasal patency at 24 months, a significant proportion of patients had a greater nasal assessment by a blind assessor with 97.1% in MFT and 81.9% MAIT with mild to no obstruction. In MAIT group 16.6% had pain/discomfort, 23.6% had discharge which were the major complications, but crusting (MAIT 10% and MFT 3.3%), adhesions (MAIT 13.8% and MFT 1.6%). The medial flap inferior turbinoplasty (MFT) is technically straight forward procedure that provides long term more effective and satisfactory the patient in relieving nasal obstruction, without significant risk of complications. The long term follow up of MAIT is required as there was increase in need of decongestion and they might require second procedure as MFT.

Transcriptional gene silencing in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and its application to regulate male fertility for hybrid seed production.

Transcriptional gene silencing (TGS) can offer a straightforward tool for functional analysis of plant genes, particularly in polyploid species such as wheat, where genetic redundancy poses a challenge in applying mutagenesis approaches, including CRISPR gene editing. In this study, we demonstrate efficient TGS in wheat, mediated by constitutive RNA expression of a promoter inverted repeat (pIR). pIR-mediated TGS of two anther-specific genes, TaMs45 and TaMs1, abolished their function resulting in male sterility. Whilst TGS of TaMs45 required transcriptional silencing of all three homoeologs, a B-genome-specific pIR for TaMs1 was sufficient to confer male sterility. We further show that the pIRs effect TGS of TaMs45 gene through DNA methylation of homologous promoter sequence, successfully suppressing transcription of all three homoeologs. Applying pIR-mediated TGS in wheat, we have generated a dominant male fertility system for production of hybrid seed and demonstrated the efficacy of this system under greenhouse and field conditions. This report describes the first successful TGS in wheat, whilst providing a dominant negative approach as alternative to gene knockout strategies for hybrid wheat breeding and seed production.

An Unusual Case of a Pediatric Nasal Septal Abscess with Life-Threatening Complications in COVID-19 Pandemic.

In this modern era, when access to healthcare services is improved, and awareness among the general population is enhanced, the presentation of mere septal abscess of the nose as a fatal complication is less common. Due to various lockdown restrictions in the COVID-19 scenario and fear to contract an infection, patients are presenting late to the health care setting for proper management. We treated an 11-year old child of complicated nasal septal abscess who responded well to aspiration of pus and medical treatment. Our patient is a rare case report who progressed from vestibulitis to septal abscess and further leading to sinusitis, orbital, and intracranial complications.

Efficient one-pot synthesis of substituted diphenyl 1, 3-thiazole through multicomponent reaction by using green and efficient Iron-catalyst via Cross-Dehydrogenative Coupling(CDC).

A clean and efficient, multi-component strategy for the synthesis of biologically important trisubstituted thiazole via the reaction of readily available barbituric acid, acetophenone, and aryl thioamides is reported in the presence of FeCl3.6H2O / O2(Air) in DMF solvent. The advantages of the present methodology include a one-pot reaction, environment-friendly approach, cost-effectiveness, broad substrate scope, operational simplicity, short reaction time, easy workup procedure, and high yields.

Comparative Study of the Management of Intertrochanteric Fracture Femur With Proximal Femoral Nail vs. the Dynamic Hipscrew With Derotation Screw in Elderly Population.

BACKGROUND: Intertrochanteric fractures can be treated, both by conservative and operative methods depending upon the status of the patient. The purpose of this study was to assess the functional outcome of intertrochanteric fracture of femur treated with dynamic hip screw (DHS) with de-rotation screw comparing and proximal femoral nail (PFN). METHODOLOGY: We compared 30 (male: 23, female: seven) cases of intertrochanteric fractures with a mean age of the population was 65 years and male to female ratio in was 2.75:1. Patients were recruited in this study having inclusion criteria of adults above 50 years of age, isolated intertrochanteric fractures of the AO Foundation/Orthopaedic Trauma Association (AO/OTA) type A1 and A2, fracture less than two weeks, and intertrochanteric fracture with or without distal extension. RESULTS: Post-operatively, patients treated by either of these two methods were statistically analyzed in terms of comparing advantages and disadvantages in terms of the time of fracture union and outcome of both above-mentioned procedures using Harris hip score. CONCLUSION: PFN gives better results than DHS with De-Rotation Screw-in intertrochanteric fractures in terms of the amount of blood loss during surgery, duration of surgery, early toe-touch weight-bearing, and Harris hip scores. There is no difference between the two modalities in terms of duration of hospitalization, fracture union, mortality and morbidity, and postoperative complications.

Male Fertility Genes in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and Their Utilization for Hybrid Seed Production.

Hybrid varieties can provide the boost needed to increase stagnant wheat yields through heterosis. The lack of an efficient hybridization system, which can lower the cost of goods of hybrid seed production, has been a major impediment to commercialization of hybrid wheat varieties. In this review, we discuss the progress made in characterization of nuclear genetic male sterility (NGMS) in wheat and its advantages over two widely referenced hybridization systems, i.e., chemical hybridizing agents (CHAs) and cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS). We have characterized four wheat genes, i.e., Ms1, Ms5, TaMs26 and TaMs45, that sporophytically contribute to male fertility and yield recessive male sterility when mutated. While Ms1 and Ms5 are Triticeae specific genes, analysis of TaMs26 and TaMs45 demonstrated conservation of function across plant species. The main features of each of these genes is discussed with respect to the functional contribution of three sub-genomes and requirements for complementation of their respective mutants. Three seed production systems based on three genes, MS1, TaMS26 and TaMS45, were developed and a proof of concept was demonstrated for each system. The Tams26 and ms1 mutants were maintained through a TDNA cassette in a Seed Production Technology-like system, whereas Tams45 male sterility was maintained through creation of a telosome addition line. These genes represent different options for hybridization systems utilizing NGMS in wheat, which can potentially be utilized for commercial-scale hybrid seed production.

Thyroid function in patients with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome.

BACKGROUND: Albumin is the major protein excreted in urine in patients with nephrotic syndrome (NS). However, low-molecular-weight proteins including some binding proteins are also excreted. Thyroid hormone and its binding globulins are excreted in urine in excess in nephrotic syndrome. Therefore, it has been postulated that patients with nephrotic syndrome may show hypothyroidism, subclinical or overt. METHODS: In this prospective observational study, patients of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome aged 1-40 years of both gender were included. Serum T3, T4 and TSH were assayed at diagnosis and repeated at 12 weeks or at remission whichever was earlier. Renal biopsy was performed as required. RESULTS: Among 100 patients taken for analysis (42 children, 58 adult), 30 cases were of first episode, 40 were of frequent relapse/steroid-dependent NS, and 30 patients had steroid-resistant NS (SRNS). Three (3%) cases had overt hypothyroidism and 18 (18%) patients had subclinical hypothyroidism. Most hypothyroid cases belonged to SRNS subgroup. Mean Serum T3, T4 and TSH values showed significant improvement in remission in comparison to nephrosis state (P < 0.01). Serum TSH had significant positive correlation (r = 0.391, P < 0.01) with 24-h proteinuria and negative correlation with serum albumin (r = - 0.303, P < 0.01) in nephrosis. CONCLUSION: Hypothyroidism is common among nephrotic syndrome patients especially in SRNS subgroup. Therefore, routine screening is recommended in steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome patients.

Mobile application to optimize care for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction patients in a large healthcare system, STEMIcathAID: rationale and design.

Aims: Technological advancements have transformed healthcare. System delays in transferring patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) to a primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) centre are associated with worse clinical outcomes. Our aim was to design and develop a secure mobile application, STEMIcathAID, streamlining communication, and coordination between the STEMI care teams to reduce ischaemia time and improve patient outcomes. Methods and results: The app was designed for transfer of patients with STEMI to a cardiac catheterization laboratory (CCL) from an emergency department (ED) of either a PCI capable or a non-PCI capable hospital. When a suspected STEMI arrives to a non-PCI hospital ED, the ED physician uploads the electrocardiogram and relevant patient information. An instant notification is simultaneously sent to the on-call CCL attending and transfer centre. The attending reviews the information, makes a video call and decides to either accept or reject the transfer. If accepted, on-call CCL team members receive an immediate push notification and begin communicating with the ED team via a HIPAA compliant chat. The app provides live GPS tracking of the ambulance and frequent clinical status updates of the patient. In addition, it allows for screening of STEMI patients in cardiogenic shock. Prior to discharge, important data elements have to be entered to close the case. Conclusion: We developed a novel mobile app to optimize care for STEMI patients and facilitate electronic extraction of relevant performance metrics to improve allocation of resources and reduction of costs.

The nexus between HRM, employee engagement and organizational performance of federal public service organizations in Ethiopia.

The study of HRM and Performance of public service is an extremely relevant theme. Although studies on the HRM-performance link have been well documented, the results were inconclusive. Besides, previous studies have paid little attention to the public service from developing country's context. Drawing on the AMO Model and SET, the present study examined the effect of HRM System on Employee Engagement and Organizational Performance. Likewise, this study tested the intervening effect of Employee Engagement in the HRM-performance link. Using a sample of federal employees (n = 340) in government organizations, we tested the hypothesized three-factor model using SEM. The finding of the study shows that there is a positive and significant relationship between HRM, Employee Engagement and Organization Performance. Besides, employee engagement partially mediated the link between HRM and Performance. Concerning the effect of the individual HR practices, the present study revealed a positive and differing effect of HR practices on both engagement and performance although the magnitude effect is smaller than, the combined effect of the HR practices together. Moreover, Autonomy was identified as an important driver of both engagement and performance. This result contributes to the HRM-performance debate. As a final point, the present study incorporates conclusions, implication and future research direction.

Reactivation of Chronic Hepatitis C as a Potential Trigger for Guillain-Barré Syndrome.

A 74-year-old man with a past medical history of chronic low back pain presented with two to three weeks of progressive weakness starting in the lower extremities and then spreading to the upper extremities. Distal muscles were more affected than proximal muscles; weakness was accompanied by numbness and paresthesias. There was no preceding acute viral, respiratory, or gastrointestinal illness. Initial workup revealed hepatitis C antibody reactivity, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis showed albuminocytologic dissociation. MRI demonstrated multilevel degenerative changes and diffuse enhancement of the cauda equina nerve roots compatible with Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). Repeat testing confirmed ongoing hepatitis C infection with increasing quantitative hepatitis C virus (HCV) levels. This case illustrates an interesting presentation of GBS potentially triggered by hepatitis C reactivation. This is the first case, to our knowledge, with serologic evidence demonstrating acute hepatitis C reactivation concurrent with GBS which presented in the absence of immunomodulatory interferon treatment. The patient continues to recover with ongoing rehabilitation at the time of this case report.

Wheat ms5 male-sterility is induced by recessive homoeologous A and D genome non-specific lipid transfer proteins.

Nuclear male-sterile mutants with non-conditional, recessive and strictly monogenic inheritance are useful for both hybrid and conventional breeding systems, and have long been a research focus for many crops. In allohexaploid wheat, however, genic redundancy results in rarity of such mutants, with the ethyl methanesulfonate-induced mutant ms5 among the few reported to date. Here, we identify TaMs5 as a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored lipid transfer protein required for normal pollen exine development, and by transgenic complementation demonstrate that TaMs5-A restores fertility to ms5. We show ms5 locates to a centromere-proximal interval and has a sterility inheritance pattern modulated by TaMs5-D but not TaMs5-B. We describe two allelic forms of TaMs5-D, one of which is non-functional and confers mono-factorial inheritance of sterility. The second form is functional but shows incomplete dominance. Consistent with reduced functionality, transcript abundance in developing anthers was found to be lower for TaMs5-D than TaMs5-A. At the 3B homoeolocus, we found only non-functional alleles among 178 diverse hexaploid and tetraploid wheats that include landraces and Triticum dicoccoides. Apparent ubiquity of non-functional TaMs5-B alleles suggests loss-of-function arose early in wheat evolution and, therefore, at most knockout of two homoeoloci is required for sterility. This work provides genetic information, resources and tools required for successful implementation of ms5 sterility in breeding systems for bread and durum wheats.

Intraperitoneal Instillation of Bupivacaine and Ropivacaine for Postoperative Analgesia in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy.

BACKGROUND: Intraperitoneal instillation of local anesthetics in laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) has been used to reduce postoperative pain and to decrease the need for postoperative analgesics. AIMS: This study aimed to compare intraperitoneal instillation of bupivacaine and ropivacaine for postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing LC. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: This was a prospective, randomized, double-blind study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: After obtaining ethical committee's clearance and informed consent, sixty patients, aged 18-65 years, of either gender, and American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I to III scheduled for LC were included and categorized into two groups (n = 30). Group A patients received 20 mL of 0.5% bupivacaine intraperitoneally after cholecystectomy and Group B patients received 20 mL of 0.5% ropivacaine intraperitoneally after cholecystectomy. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: The data were analyzed using paired t-test. The results were analyzed and compared to previous studies. SPSS software version 22 was used, released 2013 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). RESULTS: Pulse rate, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure were comparatively lower in Group B than in Group A. The visual analog scale (VAS) score was significantly lower in Group B. Rescue analgesia was given when VAS was >6. Verbal rating scale score was significantly lower in Group B, showing longer duration of analgesia in this group. Rescue analgesic requirement was also less in Group B. CONCLUSION: The instillation of bupivacaine and ropivacaine intraperitoneally was an effective method of postoperative pain relief in LC. It provided good analgesia in immediate postoperative period with ropivacaine, providing longer duration of analgesia.

Re-definition of position and calculation of safe area for axillary nerve in deltoid muscle with its clinical relevance: a cadaveric study.

Several authors have made efforts to define the position of the axillary nerve within deltoid muscle and to calculate the so called safe area for this nerve but it still remains a matter of debate. The primary aim of the study was to investigate the acromio-axillary (AA) distance and its correlation with upper arm length. The secondary aim was to re-define the safe area for axillary nerve within deltoid muscle. Sixty shoulders of thirty adult human cadavers were dissected using standard methods. The distance from the anterior and posterior edge of acromion to the upper border of the course of the axillary nerve was measured and recorded as anterior and posterior AA distance respectively. Correlation analysis was done between the upper arm length and AA distance for each limb. The ratios between anterior and posterior AA distance and upper arm length were calculated and mentioned as anterior index and posterior index, respectively. The mean of anterior and posterior AA distance was 5.22 cm and 4.17 cm, respectively. The mean of upper arm length was 29.30 cm. The means of anterior index and posterior indices were 0.18 and 0.14, respectively. There was a significant correlation between upper arm length and both the anterior and posterior AA distance. The axillary nerve was found to lie at variable distance from the acromion. The minimum AA distance was found to be 3.50 cm. So this should be considered as the maximum permissible length of the deltoid split. Upper arm length has strong correlation with both anterior and posterior AA distances. The ideal safe area for the axillary nerve was found to be a quadrangular area above it and the size of which depends on the length of the upper arm.

Concurrent modifications in the three homeologs of Ms45 gene with CRISPR-Cas9 lead to rapid generation of male sterile bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).

KEY MESSAGE: Hexaploid bread wheat is not readily amenable to traditional mutagenesis approaches. In this study, we show efficient utilization of CRISPR-Cas system and Next Generation Sequencing for mutant analysis in wheat. Identification and manipulation of male fertility genes in hexaploid bread wheat is important for understanding the molecular basis of pollen development and to obtain novel sources of nuclear genetic male sterility (NGMS). The maize Male sterile 45 (Ms45) gene encodes a strictosidine synthase-like enzyme and has been shown to be required for male fertility. To investigate the role of Ms45 gene in wheat, mutations in the A, B and D homeologs were produced using CRISPR-Cas9. A variety of mutations in the three homeologs were recovered, including a plant from two different genotypes each with mutations in all three homeologs. Genetic analysis of the mutations demonstrated that all three wheat Ms45 homeologs contribute to male fertility and that triple homozygous mutants are required to abort pollen development and achieve male sterility. Further, it was demonstrated that a wild-type copy of Ms45 gene from rice was able to restore fertility to these wheat mutant plants. Taken together, these observations provide insights into the conservation of MS45 function in a polyploid species. Ms45 based NGMS can be potentially utilized for a Seed Production Technology (SPT)-like hybrid seed production system in wheat.

Assessment of oral health status and associated lifestyle factors among Malaysian Fishermen in Teluk Bahang, Penang: An analytical cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Given background sparsity of country-specific literature evidence, and the pervasive unhealthy lifestyle habits such as tobacco, alcohol use, and high sugar consumption among fishermen, the aim of this study was to assess the oral health status and associated lifestyle factors among Malaysian fishermen in Teluk Bahang, Penang. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: In an analytical cross-sectional design, we used simple random sampling technique to select 242 multiracial Malaysian male fishermen aged between 18 and 75 years from five fishing villages located at Gurney Drive, Tanjong Tokong, Tanjong Bungah, Batu Ferringhi, and Teluk Bahang to participate in this study. During four consecutive weekends in January 2017, we conducted face-to-face interviews with participants using a pre-validated, interviewer-administered WHO oral health questionnaire. We categorized participants as having "good" or "poor" oral health based on a mean cutoff score of 14. Multivariate regression models were fitted to assess the oral health status and associated lifestyle factors among the study population, using SPSS version 22. RESULTS: We achieved a response rate of 97.6%. Overall, the prevalence of poor oral health in this study was 47.5%. "Income" (RM/month), "type of fishing," "additional occupation," "age" (years), "frequency of pies, buns consumed," and "frequency of sweets, soft drinks consumed" were significant predictors of oral health status among the fishermen. CONCLUSION: Poor oral health is relatively highly prevalent among the fishermen in our study. The oral health status of fishermen in Teluk Bahang was consistent with the national average and significantly associated with their sociodemographic and lifestyle factors. Targeted interventions are required to arrest and reverse this trend.

Application of Discharge Criteria for Home Readiness Using Bispectral and Supraglottic Airway Devices in Day-care Surgery without Using Muscle Relaxants.

INTRODUCTION: The availability of rapid and short-acting intravenous and volatile anesthetics has facilitated early recovery that is why nowadays ambulatory surgery is becoming more common. If the criteria used to discharge patients from the Postanesthesia Care Unit (PACU) are met in the operating room (OR), it would be appropriate to consider bypassing the PACU and transferring the patient directly to the step-down unit. This process is known as "fast-tracking" after ambulatory surgery. AIMS: To compare hemodynamic characteristics and recovery profile as per fast-track criteria (FTC) of recovery and postanesthesia discharge scoring system (PADSS) between sevoflurane and desflurane. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred American Society of Anesthesiologists Class I-II patients aged 20-50 years were randomly divided into two groups. Following anesthesia induction with injection propofol and injection dexmedetomidine airway was secured with i-gel, Group D (n = 50) received desflurane + dexmedetomidine + O2 + N2O and Group S (n = 50) received sevoflurane in place of desflurane. Emergence time was noted and FTC was evaluated in the OR, Score >12 is considered as shifting criteria for ambulatory surgery unit (ASU). PADSS was noted in ASU at an interval of 15 min for 3 h and Score >9 is considered as ready to discharge home. RESULTS: Response to pain, verbal commands, and spontaneous eye opening in Group D was shorter than that in Group S (P = 0.001). Mean time to achieve FTC score >12 was 15 min in both the groups. Eighty-six percent of patients were ready to go home between 60 and 90 min using PADSS. CONCLUSION: We concluded that early recovery is faster for desflurane, and there is no difference in ready to go home time between desflurane and sevoflurane.