Deep learning and content-based filtering techniques for improving plant disease identification and treatment recommendations: A comprehensive review.

The importance of identifying plant diseases has risen recently due to the adverse effect they have on agricultutal production. Plant diseases have been a big concern in agriculture, as they affect crop production, and constitute a major threat to global food security. In the domain of modern agriculture, effective plant disease management is vital to ensure healthy crop yields and sustainable practices. Traditional means of identifying plant disease are faced with lots of challenges and the need for better and efficient detection methods cannot be overemphazised. The emergence of advanced technologies, particularly deep learning and content-based filtering techniques, if integrated together can changed the way plant diseases are identified and treated. Such as speedy and correct identification of plant diseases and efficient treatment recommendations which are keys for sustainable food production. In this work, We try to investigate the current state of research, identified gaps and limitations in knowledge, and suggests future directions for researchers, experts and farmers that could help to provide better ways of mitigating plant disease problems.

Comparative analysis of simultaneous integrated boost and sequential boost radiotherapy in node-positive cervical cancer: dosimetric and radiobiological considerations.

For locally advanced cervical cancer, the standard therapeutic approach involves concomitant chemoradiation therapy, supplemented by a brachytherapy boost. Moreover, an external beam radiotherapy (RT) boost should be considered for treating gross lymph node (LN) volumes. Two boost approaches exist with Volumetric Intensity Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT): Sequential (SEQ) and Simultaneous Integrated Boost (SIB). This study undertakes a comprehensive dosimetric and radiobiological comparison between these two boost strategies. The study encompassed ten patients who underwent RT for cervical cancer with node-positive disease. Two sets of treatment plans were generated for each patient: SIB-VMAT and SEQ-VMAT. Dosimetric as well as radiobiological parameters including tumour control probability (TCP) and normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) were compared. Both techniques were analyzed for two different levels of LN involvement - only pelvic LNs and pelvic with para-aortic LNs. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software version 25.0. SIB-VMAT exhibited superior target coverage, yielding improved doses to the planning target volume (PTV) and gross tumour volume (GTV). Notably, SIB-VMAT plans displayed markedly superior dose conformity. While SEQ-VMAT displayed favorable organ sparing for femoral heads, SIB-VMAT appeared as the more efficient approach for mitigating bladder and bowel doses. TCP was significantly higher with SIB-VMAT, suggesting a higher likelihood of successful tumour control. Conversely, no statistically significant difference in NTCP was observed between the two techniques. This study's findings underscore the advantages of SIB-VMAT over SEQ-VMAT in terms of improved target coverage, dose conformity, and tumour control probability. In particular, SIB-VMAT demonstrated potential benefits for cases involving para-aortic nodes. It is concluded that SIB-VMAT should be the preferred approach in all cases of locally advanced cervical cancer.

Variation in hepatic segmental portal venous pulsed wave Doppler flow distribution in patients with NAFLD: A pilot study.

Purpose: To evaluate the segmental variations in portal venous pulsed wave colour Doppler flow velocity in patients with moderate to severe non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in comparison with healthy controls. Materials and Methods: In this prospective, observational, case-control study, the maximum velocity of all the segmental branches of portal vein were evaluated on colour Doppler in patients with moderate to severe non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and the values were compared between three groups (1) Healthy controls (n = 30), (2) non-alcoholic fatty liver disease group, that is moderate to severe fatty liver without features of portal hypertension (n = 32) and (3) non-alcoholic steatohepatitis-portal hypertension group, that is those non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients with features of portal hypertension (n = 13). Results: Compared to controls, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease group showed a lower velocity in all the eight segments of liver. The ratio of segment 2 to segment 7 peak portal vein maximum velocity was significantly higher in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (1.03 ± 0.21) compared to controls (0.90 ± 0.17) and even higher in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis-Portal hypertension group (1.83 ± 0.40) with p value of 0.003. Conclusion: Our study demonstrates the occurrence of flow redistribution occurring in cases of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients with the left lobe receiving higher portal venous flow. This flow redistribution was even more pronounced in a subset of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients who developed features of portal hypertension.

Enhancing the Fruit Yield and Quality in Pomegranate: Insights into Drip Irrigation and Mulching Strategies.

Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) is a fruit tree that is globally distributed, especially in warm areas with low annual rainfall and limited water availability. This species exemplifies the critical role of water in agriculture and the need for efficient irrigation practices due to its characteristics, cultivation requirements, and geographic diffusion. In this study, we investigated the effects of drip irrigation and mulching on the vegetative growth, yield, and fruit quality attributes of pomegranate. The experiment involved three irrigation regimes (100% of evapotranspiration, 80%, and 60%) and three mulching treatments (no mulch, plastic mulch, and organic mulch) in a factorial combination. Both irrigation and mulching had significant positive influences on the yield and fruit quality attributes. Specifically, deficit irrigation strategies showed a negative impact on the fruit yield per tree, with a greater effect observed as the severity of the irrigation deficit increased. Mulching, on the other hand, led to a significant increase in the fruit yield, primarily attributed to an increase in fruit size. Furthermore, the analysis indicated that irrigation and mulching treatments had distinct effects on fruit traits such as the fruit length, width, volume, and rind thickness. Interestingly, the study highlighted that the effects of irrigation and mulching on fruit quality attributes were mostly independent of each other, suggesting an additive influence rather than an interaction between the two factors. These findings underscore the importance of considering irrigation and mulching practices for optimizing fruit quality in pomegranate cultivation, particularly in semi-arid regions. The results contribute valuable insights for farmers and researchers seeking to enhance fruit production and quality.

Survival outcome and prognostic factors post inadvertent hysterectomy in carcinoma cervix treated with salvage chemo-radiation.

INTRODUCTION: The standard of care for treating early invasive cervical cancer is radical hysterectomy or radiation alone while chemo-radiation is a definitive treatment for advanced disease. Occasionally, a simple hysterectomy is performed in the cancer cervix and these patients merit adjuvant treatment in view of the high chances of loco-regional recurrences. The aim of the study was to analyze the survival outcome of these patients treated with salvage chemo-radiotherapy and also to determine the prognostic factors affecting survival. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The medical records of all patients with cervical cancer post simple hysterectomy outside and who received salvage treatment in our department between 2014 and 2020 were retrieved. The data regarding clinical, treatment details and survival were analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 198 patients were included. Median follow-up duration was 45.5 months. Gross disease and lymphadenopathy were seen in 60% and 28% patients, respectively. The 5-year progression-free survival(PFS) and overall survival(OS) was 75% and 76%, respectively. Concurrent chemotherapy alone or in combination with induction chemotherapy using three-drug regimens showed better survival compared to those treated by radiation alone. On multivariate analysis, factors found to be adversely affecting OS and PFS were lymph node (LN) size of more than 2 cm, non-squamous histology, overall treatment time(OTT) of more than 12 weeks and use of non three-drug chemotherapy regimen. CONCLUSION: Subtotal hysterectomy results in a higher incidence of local recurrence of disease. Factors that impair the outcome in this sub-group of patients are gross lymphadenopathy, non-squamous histology and prolong OTT.

Magnetic resonance imaging spectrum of COVID-associated rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis and assessment of anatomical severity.

OBJECTIVES: To describe the extent and imaging findings of COVID-associated rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis on magnetic resonance imaging and to evaluate the value of MRI severity score in grading the extent of involvement. METHODS: Proven cases of ROCM with a history of concurrent or recently (<6 weeks) treated COVID-19 underwent MRI at the initial presentation. Findings were charted for each anatomical structure and the extent of involvement was scored for sinonasal, extra-sinus soft tissues, orbits, and brain. MR severity score was defined by summing up the individual scores of each compartment (sinonasal 20, orbital 20, soft tissue 10, and brain 10) and a total score out of 60 was assigned. RESULTS: A total of 47 patients were included in our study with variable involvement of sinonasal compartment (n = 43), extra-sinus soft tissue (n = 25), orbits (n = 23), and brain (n = 17). In the sinonasal compartment, T2, DWI, and post-contrast T1 were the most useful sequences. A significantly higher mean sinonasal score was associated with mortality (p = 0.007). In the orbits, a combination of STIR (orbital fat and extraconal muscles), DWI (optic nerves), and post-contrast images (superior ophthalmic vein) were the most accurate sequences. A higher mean orbital score was associated with vision loss (p = 0.001). Patients with uncontrolled diabetes had greater extent of cranial involvement. CONCLUSION: A combination of magnetic resonance sequences is required to correctly evaluate the involvement of individual structures and thus to assign the correct MR scoring. The proposed MR severity score can effectively and objectively evaluate the severity of COVID-associated ROCM.

A scalable health system model to achieve high coverage and quality of Kangaroo mother care in Uttar Pradesh, India.

AIM: To design a health system model for scaling-up Kangaroo mother care (KMC) and assess its impact on the population-level coverage and quality of KMC in Uttar Pradesh, India. METHODS: We co-developed the model with mothers and health system stakeholders using human-centred design over multiple cycles of implementation, learning and data-driven refinement. Infants with birthweight <2000 g in the study district were prospectively followed to assess the 'effective coverage' of KMC. Effective coverage referred to the proportion of eligible infants receiving ≥8 h of daily skin-to-skin contact and exclusive breastfeeding. RESULTS: High delivery load facilities were equipped with a KMC Lounge to ensure comfort, respectful care of mothers and high-quality KMC over prolonged periods. Systems to ensure weighing at birth, referral of infants with birthweight <2000 g to KMC facilities, initiation of KMC for all stable low birthweight infants, improving quality of care within KMC facilities and supporting families to continue KMC at home post discharge, were integrated into existing services. KMC was initiated in 93.3% of eligible infants with effective coverage of 52.7% and 64.8% at discharge and 7 days post discharge, respectively. CONCLUSION: The model addressed critical barriers to KMC implementation and adoption, contributing to its scale-up across the state.

Hiccups: An atypical side effect experienced during chemo-radiotherapy in carcinoma nasopharynx.

ABSTRACT: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is an uncommon cancer but has a distinct racial and geographic distribution. Patient presents with constellation of signs and symptoms due to its vicinity to critical structures and are best treated by conformal concurrent chemo-radiotherapy. We present a case of 45-year-old male diagnosed with carcinoma nasopharynx, referred to us for radiotherapy after three cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. As per the prevailing standard of care, patient was planned for radiotherapy by volumetric arc technique with concurrent cisplatin. Initial days of treatment were uneventful. After fourth week of treatment, patient developed persistent hiccup which was not relieved on conservative medications. Plan was re-evaluated and it revealed maximum dose of 54.6 Gy to the brainstem. Radiotherapy induced edema that could have stimulated vagus nerve leading to hiccups was suspected. Patient was started on injectable steroid and chlorpromazine. There was prompt recovery from the symptom within five days of conservative treatment.

Evaluation of Uterocervical Angle and Cervical Length as Predictors of Spontaneous Preterm Birth.

Aim The aim of this article was to evaluate uterocervical angle (UCA) and cervical length (CL) measured at 16 to 24 weeks of gestation using transvaginal sonography (TVS) as predictors of spontaneous preterm birth. Methods In this prospective study, TVS was performed in 159 primigravidas with a singleton, uncomplicated pregnancy at 16 to 24 weeks of gestation to measure the anterior UCA and CL. All the cases were followed until labor to document gestational age at delivery. Results The risk of spontaneous preterm birth was higher in women with obtuse UCA (>95 degrees) with sensitivity of 86.7%, specificity of 93.0%, positive predictive value of 83.0%, negative predictive value of 94.6%, and p -value of <0.001. The difference between the means was statistically significant ( p -value < 0.001). UCAs ≥105degrees and 95 to 105 degrees were found to be significantly associated with spontaneous preterm births at <34 weeks and 34 to 37 weeks, respectively. CL <2.5 cm was found to predict spontaneous preterm births at <37 weeks with sensitivity of 31.1%, specificity of 95.6%, and p -value of <0.001. UCA was found to be a better predictor of spontaneous preterm birth with a higher coefficient of variation (56.4%) when compared with CL (16.9%). Conclusions UCA proved to be a novel ultrasound parameter that can serve as a better predictor of spontaneous preterm births in comparison to CL. A strong correlation exists between obtuse UCA and a risk of spontaneous preterm birth.

Initial comparative analysis of pulmonary involvement on HRCT between vaccinated and non-vaccinated subjects of COVID-19.

OBJECTIVES: To compare the high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT)-derived severity score in COVID-19 patients between those who had earlier received the vaccine against the SARS-CoV-2 and those who did not. METHODS: A retrospective cross-sectional analysis of HRCT of the chest was done in correlation with the vaccination status of clinically diagnosed COVID-19 patients. The variable under evaluation was the CT severity score, whereby differential analysis of the variability on this parameter between incompletely (single dose) vaccinated, completely (both doses) vaccinated, and non-vaccinated individuals was the outcome. RESULTS: The analysis included 826 patients of which 581 did not receive any vaccination whereas 196 patients received incomplete (single dose) vaccination and 49 received complete vaccination. Mean CT severity score was lower in completely vaccinated patients (3.5 ± 6.3) vis-à-vis incompletely vaccinated (10.1 ± 10.5) and non-vaccinated (10.1 ± 11.4) individuals. The mean CT score was significantly lower in completely vaccinated patients of lower ages (≤ 60 years) compared to patients above that age. The incidence of severe disease (CT score ≥ 20) was significantly higher in the incompletely vaccinated and non-vaccinated patients compared to that in the completely vaccinated group. CONCLUSIONS: CT severity scores in individuals receiving both doses of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination were less severe in comparison to those receiving a single dose of vaccine or no vaccine at all. KEY POINTS: • Patients who received complete two doses of vaccination had significantly low mean CT scores compared to the partially vaccinated patients and non-vaccinated patients. • The mean CT scores were significantly lower in completely vaccinated patients of lower ages (< 60 years) while patients > 60 years did not show significantly different CT scores between the vaccinated and non-vaccinated groups. • Consolidations and ground-glass opacities were significantly lower in the group receiving complete vaccination as compared to the unvaccinated and incompletely vaccinated patients.

A cross-sectional study of clinical and laboratory characteristics of systemic lupus erythematosus in tribal region of Jharkhand at RIMS, Ranchi.

Objectives: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease of unknown etiology, mainly affecting female of child-bearing age group. Clinical scenario of SLE is not well defined in east region of India, especially in tribal region of Jharkhand. This article is mainly focused on clinical and laboratory characteristics of SLE in tribal region of Jharkhand. Materials and Methods: This was an analytical cross-sectional single-centered study conducted at RIMS, Ranchi, a tertiary care center of Jharkhand, between November 2020 and October 2021. A total 50 patients were diagnosed as SLE based on Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics criteria. Results: Forty-five (90%) of patients in our study were female, with female to male ratio of 9:1. The mean age of presentation was 26.78 ± 8.12. Constitutional symptoms were found in 96% of patients, followed by anemia in 90% of patients. Renal involvement was found in 74% of patients, followed by polyarthritis (72%), malar rash (60%), and neurological manifestations (40%). Anti-nuclear antibody, anti-dsDNA, and anti-Smith antibodies were found positive in 100%, 84%, and 80% of patients, respectively. Conclusions: Clinical characteristics of SLE as per our study would help the health care professionals in this region to identify the disease at early stage and initiate appropriate treatment.

Immunotherapy for Breast Cancer Treatment: Current Evidence and Therapeutic Options.

Breast Cancer (BC) has the highest incidence among all forms of malignancies detected in women globally. The therapeutic approaches available for BC include chemotherapy, radiation therapy, hormonal therapy, and surgery. Recently, advanced immunology-based therapeutics with potential for BC treatment, including immune checkpoint blockades, vaccines, and combinations with other treatment strategies, have emerged. Although commonly used treatments such as trastuzumab/ pertuzumab for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive BC and hormone therapy for estrogen receptor-positive and/or progesterone receptor-positive BC are specific, triple-negative BC cases remain a great challenge for treatment measures. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (anti- PD-1/anti-CTLA-4) and anti-cancer vaccines (NeuVax, MUC-1, AVX901, INO-1400, and CEA), either alone or in combination with other therapies, represent a new paradigm in cancer therapeutics. In this review, we highlight the current immunotherapeutic aspects and ongoing trials aimed at the development of better treatment regimens for BC.

Scaling up Kangaroo Mother Care in Ethiopia and India: a multi-site implementation research study.

OBJECTIVES: Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC), prolonged skin-to-skin care of the low birth weight baby with the mother plus exclusive breastfeeding reduces neonatal mortality. Global KMC coverage is low. This study was conducted to develop and evaluate context-adapted implementation models to achieve improved coverage. DESIGN: This study used mixed-methods applying implementation science to develop an adaptable strategy to improve implementation. Formative research informed the initial model which was refined in three iterative cycles. The models included three components: (1) maximising access to KMC-implementing facilities, (2) ensuring KMC initiation and maintenance in facilities and (3) supporting continuation at home postdischarge. PARTICIPANTS: 3804 infants of birth weight under 2000 g who survived the first 3 days, were available in the study area and whose mother resided in the study area. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcomes were coverage of KMC during the 24 hours prior to discharge and at 7 days postdischarge. RESULTS: Key barriers and solutions were identified for scaling up KMC. The resulting implementation model achieved high population-based coverage. KMC initiation reached 68%-86% of infants in Ethiopian sites and 87% in Indian sites. At discharge, KMC was provided to 68% of infants in Ethiopia and 55% in India. At 7 days postdischarge, KMC was provided to 53%-65% of infants in all sites, except Oromia (38%) and Karnataka (36%). CONCLUSIONS: This study shows how high coverage of KMC can be achieved using context-adapted models based on implementation science. They were supported by government leadership, health workers' conviction that KMC is the standard of care, women's and families' acceptance of KMC, and changes in infrastructure, policy, skills and practice. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBERS: ISRCTN12286667; CTRI/2017/07/008988; NCT03098069; NCT03419416; NCT03506698.

Omega-3 fatty acid attenuates oxidative stress in cerebral cortex, cerebellum, and hippocampus tissue and improves neurobehavioral activity in chronic lead-induced neurotoxicity.

Objectives: In view of the increasing risk of lead on human health, the present study has been carried out to investigate the neuroprotective effect of omega-3 fatty acid on chronic lead-induced neurotoxicity and behavioral impairment in rats. Methods: Different neurobehavioral parameters, biochemical assays, and histopathological analyses in brain regions of rats were conducted. Results: Rats exposed to different doses of lead (lead acetate 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 mg/kg body weight p.o. for 90 days) caused a significant decrease in body weight, brain weight, and behavioral changes as compared to controls. Abnormal histopathological and increased levels of lead in blood and brain regions increased the levels of ROS, LPO, PCC and decreased the levels of GSH with concomitant reduction in SOD, CAT, and GPx activities in the brain region of rats treated with different doses of lead as compared to controls. Co-treatment of lead with omega-3 fatty acid (500 mg/kg body weight p.o. for 90 days) decreased the levels of ROS, LPO, PCC, and increased the level of GSH, also increased SOD, CAT, and GPx activity and showed improvements in behavioral as well as histopathological changes as compared to lead-treated groups. Discussion: Our results proved that omega-3 fatty acid improved behavioral deficits, altered histopathological and oxidative stress in lead-intoxicated rats. Among three different doses, 2.5 mg/kg b.wt. of lead along with omega-3 fatty acid was the most preventive dose for the neurotoxicity. This work reveals the potential of omega-fatty acid as a protective drug for lead neurotoxicity.

A Comparative Study of Combined Dermaroller and Platelet-Rich Plasma Versus Dermaroller Alone in Acne Scars and Assessment of Quality of Life Before and After Treatment.

BACKGROUND: Scarring due to acne is a frequently encountered problem in dermatological outpatient department. Microneedling has been a well-accepted modality for the treatment of atrophic acne scars. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a newer option to investigate. AIMS: The aims of this study were (1) to compare the efficacy of combined dermaroller and PRP therapy with dermaroller alone in facial acne scars and (2) to assess the psychosocial impact due to acne scars and its treatment. METHODS: A total of 55 patients were included in the study and randomly divided into two groups, Group A: 28 and Group B: 27. Proper counseling was done, and detailed clinical findings were recorded. Patients in Group A were treated with dermaroller alone while Group B patients underwent treatment with a combination of dermaroller and intradermal PRP injections. A total of three sitting were done at monthly interval. Final response was assessed at 1 month after the last sitting. Criteria of evaluation included Goodman and Baron's quantitative scale, visual analog score, and dermatology life quality index scores. Side effects were noted. Results were analyzed using Chi-square test and t-test. RESULTS: Significant percentage improvement was noted in both the groups. However, Group B treated with both modalities had better results when compared with that in the Group A. CONCLUSION: A combination approach using dermaroller and PRP was a safe and better option than using dermaroller alone in atrophic acne scars for clinical improvement as well as for improvement in dermatology life quality index score.

Impact on Quality of Life in Vitiligo Patients Treated with Narrowband Ultraviolet B Phototherapy.

CONTEXT: Vitiligo is a psychosocial problem which significantly affects quality of life in Indian scenario. AIMS: The purpose of this study was to compare the changes in quality of life in patients of vitiligo before and after treatment with narrowband ultraviolet B (NBUVB) phototherapy. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A total of 54 patients had completed the study. The age ranged between 16 and 70 years with a mean age of 26.77±14.2 years. The initial dose of NBUVB was 300 mJ/cm2 in adults and 150 mJ/cm2 in children twice weekly with 20% dose increment on subsequent visits. It was given for a maximum period of 6 months and was followed up for another 6 months to determine stability of repigmentation. RESULTS: The average number of exposure given to the patients was 45.63±12.74 while the mean irradiation cumulative dose was 39.8 J/cm2. Mean Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) of the vitiligo patients was 8.64±4.32 while those patients with acrofacial vitiligo had a mean DLQI of 11.78±5.61. After treatment with NBUVB, mean DLQI of all vitiligo patients was significantly reduced to 5.86±2.15 (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that phototherapy had a positive therapeutic outcome in vitiligo, especially in younger patients. Even a small, depigmented lesion in a child could be psychosocially devastating.

Response to eperisone in patients of therapy-resistant dissociative convulsions: A report of two cases.

Dissociative convulsions or pseudoseizures are a difficult to treat common psychiatric condition. In a subset of these patients, the chief complaint is clenching of teeth with apparent nonresponsiveness alone. Neither drugs nor psychotherapeutic interventions have been found to be of much help in its management. Report of two such subsets of cases is presented, in which patients with dissociative convulsions showed sudden, dramatic, and sustained good response to the addition of a muscle relaxant eperisone.

Phenomenology and predisposing factors of morbid jealousy in a psychiatric outdoor: a cross-sectional, descriptive study.

BACKGROUND: Jealousy in a sexual relation has some advantage that it ensures propagation of one's own gene as put by evolutionary psychologists. However, if this belief is based on unfounded evidence it may impair the relationship between partners and may be extremely distressful. Morbid jealousy may present as obsession, overvalued idea, or delusion as one of the symptoms in different psychiatric disorders. AIM: The aim of the study was to find the frequency of patients with morbid jealousy presenting in the Department of Psychiatry of Patna Medical College and Hospital (PMCH), the psychiatric diagnoses of such patients, frequency of different forms of morbid jealousy (obsession, overvalued idea, and delusion). Also, to assess predisposing or triggering factors for jealousy and to assess for suicidality in such patients and their partners. MATERIALS AND METHODS: All patients attending the Department of Psychiatry, PMCH were administered a screening questionnaire and if they qualified they were further administered the operational criteria for morbid jealousy. The psychiatric diagnosis was confirmed with the tenth revision of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems: Diagnostic Criteria for Research (ICD-10: DCR). Each patient was then administered a rating scale to quantify the psychopathology. RESULTS: Out of 970 patients who attended outpatient department, 658 patients were administered the screening questionnaire, 174 qualified who were later assessed with the operational criteria for morbid jealousy. Fifty patients who fulfilled the criteria were assessed. The mean age of presentation for both sexes were 36.44 year (SD=13.12 years). Morbid jealousy was found to be twice as common in males as compared in females. Highest prevalence was found among participants who had higher secondary education, belonged to middle socioeconomic status, and having psychiatric diagnosis of schizophrenia followed by depression. Delusional jealousy was the commonest followed by overvalued idea and obsession. A total of 20% of patients reported substance abuse like alcohol, cannabis, nicotine etc. either currently or in the past. Triggering factors found were spouse working away from home, interaction with opposite sex, attractiveness as perceived by the person with morbid jealousy. Females either as patients of morbid jealousy or as partners of a morbidly jealous spouse, carried the higher risk of suicide as compared to males.