Myoepithelial carcinoma of the lung: a review.

Primary myoepithelial carcinoma of the lung is a rare neoplasm with only 8 cases reported in the English literature to date. Myoepithelial carcinomas of the lung are thought to arise from submucosal bronchial glands and have morphologic features similar to their salivary gland counterparts. The pathologic features and immunohistochemical profile of this tumor have not yet been summarized in the literature. Our objective is to review the clinicopathologic features and immunohistochemistry of these tumors.

Correlation of clinicopathologic parameters and immunohistochemical features of triple-negative invasive lobular carcinoma.

PURPOSE: Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) is a subtype of invasive breast carcinoma. With the advent of gene profiling, breast cancer has been classified into luminal A, luminal B, HER2-overexpressing, and triple-negative carcinoma (TNC). Several studies have described TNC (ER, PR, HER2) as a surrogate for basal-like breast carcinoma. However, there is sparse literature on triple-negative lobular carcinoma (TNLC), as most of them show hormone receptor expression. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation of clinicopathologic parameters of TNLC that has been demonstrated in invasive ductal carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Clinicopathologic parameters and immunohistochemical stains for ER, PR, E-cadherin, HER2, MIB1, and fluorescent in situ hybridization for HER2 of 255 ILC cases were retrieved. In addition, immunohistochemical analysis was performed for p53, c-kit, vimentin, p16, cyclinD1, and BCL2 on 78 cases where 12 were TNC cases and 66 were non-TNC cases. RESULTS: Of the 255 ILC cases, 218 (85.5%) were classic and 37 (14.5%) were pleomorphic. Seventy-seven (30.1%) cases showed axillary lymph node metastasis. There were 14 of the 255 TNC cases (5.49%) that showed higher incidence in the elderly patients. Six of the 37 (16.21%) cases were pleomorphic and 8 of the 218 (3.7%) cases were classic. Positivity for vimentin was seen in 8 of the 12 cases (67.7%), CK 5 in 3 of the 12 (25%) cases, p16 in 11 of the 12 (91.6%) cases, p53 in 8 of the 12 (66.7%) cases, c-kit in 6 of the 12 (50%) cases, and cyclinD1 in 6 of the 12 cases (50%) indicating basal-like phenotype in 3 cases and nonbasal-like phenotype in 9 cases. There was no statistical significance in lymph node metastasis, tumor recurrence, and distant metastasis between TNC and non-TNC. CONCLUSIONS: TNLC showed distinct clinicopathologic features such as more frequently seen in the elderly, pleomorphic, larger tumor size, increased expression of vimentin, CK 5, p16, p53, and c-kit. Not all cases showed basal-like phenotype. TNLC is less frequently seen as compared with TNC in invasive ductal carcinoma.

Myocardial hydrophilic polymer emboli following cardiac catheterization: a case report and literature review.

BACKGROUND: Intravascular polymer emboli have been reported in the skin, lungs, and brain following vascular procedures utilizing hydrophilic polymer coated devices. The Cook arterial introducer sheath was the first of these devices to be introduced, after which case reports followed documenting sterile inflammation at the sheath access site, characterized histologically by perivascular granulomas containing hydrophilic polymer. More recently, hydrophilic polymer emboli have been reported in the vessels of the lungs and brain in association with ischemia and infarct following vascular procedures using polymer coated devices. METHODS: We report a case of intravascular myocardial emboli associated with acute myocardial infarction following cardiac catheterization. The patient was a 65-year-old man who received cardiac catheterization with placement of a bare metal stent following myocardial infarction. One month later, the patient presented with angina and died shortly after admission. RESULTS: Autopsy revealed hemopericardium with rupture of the left ventricle through an aneurismal defect within the area of prior infarction. Microscopically, an area of acute infarction was present within the aneurismal defect. Numerous small and medium-sized vessels within the left ventricle were occluded by basophilic amorphous granular material with an inflammatory giant cell response. CONCLUSION: The emboli were most frequent in the area of acute infarction, suggesting that the emboli may have resulted in ischemia leading to the patient's death. This is the third documented case of intramyocardial polymer emboli following cardiac catheterization and the first case to our knowledge to document an association between intravascular myocardial polymer emboli and acute myocardial infarction.