ABSTRACT
This in vitro study aimed at determining the effects of various sublethal concentrations of Streblus asper leaf ethanolic extract (SAE) on adherence of Candida albicans to acrylic surface. A colorimetric tetrazolium assay using (2,3)-bis (2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-5-[(phenylamino)-carbonyl]-2H-tetrazolium hydroxide was used to make the quantitative determination. The SAE at a concentration equivalent to nystatin (6.24microg/ml) pinpointed the minimal exposure time of SAE in suppressing candidal adhesion to acrylic. Adhesion of Candida albicans to acrylic was determined after exposure to SAE for 1, 15, 30, 60, 120 and 180min. The minimum concentration of SAE that significantly reduced adherence (P<0.05) after a 4-h exposure was 31.25mg/ml. In addition, a significant reduction (P<0.01) of candidal adhesion to acrylic occurred after a 1min exposure to 62.5mg/ml of SAE. Pre-treatment of yeast with 62.5mg/ml of SAE for 1h before adhesion assay significant reduced the adherence as 20.54% compared to the untreated control, whereas the same treatment with acrylic strips did not show any effect. These findings indicate that exposure of Candida albicans to sublethal concentrations of SAE results in a reduction in the ability of the yeasts to adhere to denture acrylic, possibly preventative of denture stomatitis.
Subject(s)
Antifungal Agents/pharmacology , Candida albicans/drug effects , Denture Bases , Moraceae , Phytotherapy , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Antifungal Agents/administration & dosage , Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use , Candida albicans/physiology , Candidiasis, Oral/microbiology , Candidiasis, Oral/prevention & control , Humans , Plant Extracts/administration & dosage , Plant Extracts/therapeutic use , Plant Leaves , Polymethyl Methacrylate/chemistry , Stomatitis, Denture/microbiology , Stomatitis, Denture/prevention & control , Surface Properties , Tissue AdhesionsABSTRACT
This in vitro study aimed at determining the effects of a sublethal concentration of Streblus asper Lour (Moraceae) leaf ethanolic extract on adherence of Candida albicans to human buccal epithelial cells (HBEC). The minimum concentration of Streblus asper leaf ethanolic extract (SAE) that significantly reduced adherence (P<0.05) after a 1-h exposure was 15.6 mg/ml. However, there was a significant reduction (P<0.05) of candidal adhesion to HBEC after 1-min exposure to 125 mg/ml of SAE. Pre-treatment of either Candida or HBEC, or both, with 125 mg/ml of SAE for 1h resulted in reduced adherence. SAE at concentrations of 125 and 250 mg/ml also showed 41 and 61% inhibition of germ tube formation, respectively, which might affect adherence. These findings indicate that the sublethal concentration of SAE may modulate candidal colonization of the oral mucosa thereby suppressing the invasive potential of the pathogen.
