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1.
J Dent Res ; 100(2): 187-193, 2021 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33138663

ABSTRACT

Understanding the pathophysiology of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection remains a significant challenge of our times. The gingival crevicular fluid being representative of systemic status and having a proven track record of detecting viruses and biomarkers forms a logical basis for evaluating the presence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The study aimed to assess gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) for evidence of SARS-CoV-2 in 33 patients who were deemed to be COVID-19 positive upon nasopharyngeal sampling. An attempt was also made to comparatively evaluate it with saliva in terms of its sensitivity, as a diagnostic fluid for SARS-CoV-2. GCF and saliva samples were collected from 33 COVID-19-confirmed patients. Total RNA was extracted using NucliSENS easyMAG (bioMérieux) and eluted in the elution buffer. Envelope gene (E gene) of SARS-CoV-2 and human RNase P gene as internal control were detected in GCF samples by using the TRUPCR SARS-CoV-2 RT qPCR kit V-2.0 (I) in an Applied Biosystems 7500 real-time machine. A significant majority of both asymptomatic and mildly symptomatic patients exhibited the presence of the novel coronavirus in their GCF samples. Considering the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the nasopharyngeal swab sampling as gold standard, the sensitivity of GCF and saliva, respectively, was 63.64% (confidence interval [CI], 45.1% to 79.60%) and 64.52% (CI, 45.37% to 80.77%). GCF was found to be comparable to saliva in terms of its sensitivity to detect SARS-CoV-2. Saliva samples tested positive in 3 of the 12 patients whose GCF tested negative, and likewise GCF tested positive for 2 of the 11 patients whose saliva tested negative on real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The results establish GCF as a possible mode of transmission of SARS-CoV-2, which is the first such report in the literature, and also provide the first quantifiable evidence pointing toward a link between the COVID-19 infection and oral health.


Subject(s)
COVID-19/diagnosis , Gingival Crevicular Fluid/virology , SARS-CoV-2/isolation & purification , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Saliva/virology , Young Adult
2.
Aliment Pharmacol Ther ; 45(1): 27-36, 2017 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27813111

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Differentiation between intestinal tuberculosis and Crohn's disease is difficult and may require therapeutic trial with anti-tubercular therapy in tuberculosis-endemic regions. AIM: To evaluate the role of therapeutic trial with anti-tubercular therapy in patients with diagnostic confusion between intestinal tuberculosis and Crohn's disease. METHODS: We performed retrospective-comparative (n = 288: 131 patients who received anti-tubercular therapy before being diagnosed as Crohn's disease and 157 intestinal tuberculosis patients) and prospective-validation study (n = 55 patients with diagnostic confusion of intestinal tuberculosis/Crohn's disease). Outcomes assessed were global symptomatic response and endoscopic mucosal healing. RESULTS: In the derivation cohort, among those eventually diagnosed as Crohn's disease, global symptomatic response with anti-tubercular therapy was seen in 38% at 3 months and in 37% who completed 6 months of anti-tubercular therapy. Ninety-four per cent of intestinal tuberculosis patients showed global symptomatic response by 3 months. Endoscopic mucosal healing was seen in only 5% of patients with Crohn's disease compared with 100% of intestinal tuberculosis patients. In the validation cohort, all the patients with intestinal tuberculosis had symptomatic response and endoscopic mucosal healing after 6 months of anti-tubercular therapy. Among the patients with an eventual diagnosis of Crohn's disease, symptomatic response was seen in 64% at 2 months and in 31% who completed 6 months of anti-tubercular therapy, none had mucosal healing. CONCLUSIONS: Disproportionately lower mucosal healing rate despite an overall symptom response with 6 months of anti-tubercular therapy in patients with Crohn's disease suggests a need for repeat colonoscopy for diagnosing Crohn's disease. Patients with intestinal tuberculosis showing significant symptomatic response after 2-3 months of anti-tubercular therapy, suggest that symptom persistence after a therapeutic trial of 3 months of anti-tubercular therapy may indicate the diagnosis of Crohn's disease.


Subject(s)
Antitubercular Agents/therapeutic use , Colonoscopy/methods , Crohn Disease/diagnosis , Crohn Disease/drug therapy , Tuberculosis, Gastrointestinal/diagnosis , Tuberculosis, Gastrointestinal/drug therapy , Adolescent , Adult , Cohort Studies , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Prospective Studies , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , Young Adult
3.
Reprod Domest Anim ; 47 Suppl 6: 366-9, 2012 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23279540

ABSTRACT

A Dalmatian female presented with a history of vaginal bleeding and was diagnosed as having transmissible venereal tumour (TVT) after cytological examination of the vaginal growth revealed typical TVT cells. A cytology of the aspirate from multiple nodules in the skin near the abdominal and inguinal pair of mammary glands revealed similar cells suggestive of metastasis to skin of mammary region. Chemotherapy was initiated with weekly injections of vincristine sulphate (0.025 mg/kg BW, IV, SID) and haematological examination was performed pre- and post-treatment to assess the prognosis of the patient and side effects of the drug. The major side effects observed during the course of the treatment were high body temperature, mild neutropaenia and significant decrease in packed cell volume, haemoglobin, total leucocyte and erythrocyte count. Four weekly injections of vincristine were administered, and 4 weeks from initiation of treatment, the tumour and nodules were gone, suggesting complete recovery.


Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use , Dog Diseases/drug therapy , Skin Neoplasms/veterinary , Venereal Tumors, Veterinary/drug therapy , Vincristine/therapeutic use , Animals , Dog Diseases/pathology , Dogs , Female , Skin Neoplasms/secondary , Venereal Tumors, Veterinary/pathology
5.
Colorectal Dis ; 13(5): 572-5, 2011 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20070341

ABSTRACT

AIM: We studied the fate of staples after stapled haemorrhoidectomy (SH) and reviewed the complications they may cause. METHOD: A survey was carried among 16 surgeons experienced at performing SH to assess their knowledge regarding retained staples. In addition, plain pelvic radiology was used to visualize residual staples at different time intervals after SH in 45 patients. RESULTS: Ten (63%) surgeons informed their patients that the staples would be shed within 3 months of SH. Regardless of the timing of surgery, part of the staple line was radiologically visible in all patients, and in 19 patients (45%) the staple line was completely visible. CONCLUSION: Contrary to the common belief, the majority of staples are retained after SH.


Subject(s)
Hemorrhoids/surgery , Sutures , Adult , Aged , Anal Canal/diagnostic imaging , Digestive System Surgical Procedures , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Physicians , Radiography , Rectum/diagnostic imaging , Surgical Stapling , Surveys and Questionnaires , Time Factors , Young Adult
8.
Am J Emerg Med ; 26(5): 637.e1-4, 2008 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18534317

ABSTRACT

Ectopic spleen (splenoptosis) is an extremely rare condition in which the spleen is present in a nonanatomical position. Patients' symptomatology is variable and ranges from mere feeling of an abdominal lump to sudden abdominal pain due to infarction. Patient may have subacute to chronic abdominal or gastrointestinal complaints. Because of nonspecific symptoms, clinical diagnosis can be difficult; hence, imaging plays an important role. Presentation as a case of portal hypertension is extremely rare. We report a case of splenic torsion in a middle-aged woman who presented with hemetemesis from gastric varices secondary to chronic volvulus of an ectopic spleen. Preoperative diagnosis was made on the basis of ultrasonography, endoscopy, and computed tomography, which was later proved on surgery and treated successfully.


Subject(s)
Esophageal and Gastric Varices/etiology , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/etiology , Wandering Spleen/diagnosis , Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal , Female , Humans , Melena/etiology , Middle Aged , Splenic Vein , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Torsion Abnormality/complications , Ultrasonography , Venous Thrombosis/complications , Wandering Spleen/complications , Wandering Spleen/diagnostic imaging
9.
Indian J Radiol Imaging ; 18(4): 298-301, 2008 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19774185

ABSTRACT

Macrodystrophia lipomatosa is a rare cause of congenital macrodactyly, characterized by progressive proliferation of all mesenchymal elements, with a disproportionate increase in fibroadipose tissue. This developmental anomaly is reportedly more common in the foot than in the hand, with a predilection for the plantar and median nerve distribution. We present two cases of MDL of the hand, one of which had an unusual nerve territory distribution, making clinical diagnosis difficult. Preoperative diagnosis was however made on the basis of radiography and MRI and was later confirmed on surgery.

10.
Indian J Med Sci ; 61(4): 212-5, 2007 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17401258

ABSTRACT

Wegener's granulomatosis is a multisystem disorder involving small- and medium-sized vessels, leading to granuloma formation and involvement of upper and lower respiratory tract with or without glomerulonephritis. However, limited forms of angiitis and granulomatosis of the Wegener's type with oligosymptomatic and atypical site involvement are known to occur. We present here a rare case of limited form of angiitis and granulomatosis of Wegener's type who presented sequentially with spontaneous resorption of digits with acro-osteolysis and mononeuritis multiplex over a period of 10 months. His vasculitic workup revealed high proteinase 3 antibodies (c-ANCA) titers and an almost asymptomatic lung involvement, detected on high-resolution computed tomography of chest. The patient was aggressively treated with immunosuppressive therapy, following which he showed good improvement.


Subject(s)
Acro-Osteolysis/complications , Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis/diagnosis , Mononeuropathies/complications , Vasculitis/diagnosis , Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic/analysis , Fingers/diagnostic imaging , Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis/complications , Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis/drug therapy , Humans , Immunosuppressive Agents/therapeutic use , Lung/diagnostic imaging , Male , Middle Aged , Radiography
11.
Clin Chim Acta ; 112(2): 235-40, 1981 May 05.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7016376

ABSTRACT

One hundred and five determinations of plasma alpha 1-acid glycoprotein (alpha 1AG) levels in 96 women with normal pregnancies were done by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay developed in this laboratory. Plasma alpha 1AG levels in pregnant women of all trimesters and 4-10 weeks post-partum period do not differ significantly from those obtained from healthy women of child bearing age. In nine women whose pregnancies were complicated by acute inflammation, plasma levels of alpha 1AG were significantly higher. These findings suggest that in normal pregnancy, alpha 1 AG levels in the plasma remain unchanged. But, pregnancy does not obscure alpha 1 AG response to acute inflammation.


Subject(s)
Orosomucoid/metabolism , Pregnancy , Female , Humans , Immunosorbent Techniques , Inflammation/blood , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/blood
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