Thermoregulation, hydration and performance over 6 days of trail running in the tropics.

The purpose of this study was to investigate thermal response, hydration and performance over a 6-day, 142-km trail running race in tropical conditions. 9 participants competed in the 2011 Gwadarun (30°C±2.4 °C and 82±4% RH). Data were collected on days 1, 4 and 6. Gastrointestinal temperature (Tgi) and heart rate (HR) were measured using portable telemetry units, whereas blood samples were collected for hematocrit, osmolarity, plasma concentrations, alkaline reserves and creatine phosphokinase. The performances expressed in speed were correlated with both total body water and body mass loss per hour (TBWL.h(-1) and ∆BM.h(-1)), HR and changes in Tgi per hour (∆Tgi.h(-1)): the more water and mass the participants lost, the higher the HR and the greater the Tgi change, and the better the performance. The ∆ Tgi.h(-1) was significantly correlated with ∆BM.h(-1), and the participants who lost the most mass had the greatest increases in Tgi. None of the blood parameters demonstrated significant changes. The present study showed that well-trained acclimated runners performing a 6-day trail race in a tropical environment and drinking ad libitum did not demonstrate heat-related illness or severe dehydration. Moreover, high performance was associated with increases in Tgi, TBW and BM losses per hour.

Energy expenditure and dietary intake in overweight versus non-overweight guadeloupian adults / Gasto de energía e ingesta dietética en guadalupanos adultos con sobrepeso frente a aquellos sin sobrepeso

OBJECTIVE: Obesity is the source of many health problems in Guadeloupe. The aim of this study was to describe the relationships between daily energy intake and expenditure, and weight status. METHODS: Three consecutive daily recalls for activities and food intake were used to assess energy expenditure and energy intake in 20to 60year old Guadeloupian men and women. RESULTS: The absolute daily energy expenditure was correlated to the body weight (r = 0.64, p > 0.001) and to the daily energy intake with more strength in the normalweight group (r = 0.52, p < 0.001) than in the overweight group (r = 0.26, p < 0.05). in both weight groups, the higher the metabolism was, the larger was the difference between energy intake and energy expenditure. CONCLUSION: Under-reporting was probably present in overweight women. However, higher energy intake and expenditure were observed in larger persons who were consequently not identified as less active.

OBJETIVO: La obesidad es fuente de muchos problemas de salud en Guadalupe. El objetivo de este estudio fue describir las relaciones entre la ingesta energética y el gasto de energía diarios, y el estado del peso. MÉTODOS: Tres reportes consecutivos diarios sobre las actividades y la ingesta de alimentos, fueron usados para evaluar el gasto de energía y el consumo de energía fueron usados el consume de alimentos fueron usados para evaluar el gasto de energía y la ingesta energética en hombres y mujeres guadalupanos de 20 a 60 años de edad. RESULTADOS: El valor absoluto del gasto diario de energía fue correlacionado con el del peso del cuerpo (r = 0.64, p > 0.001) y la ingesta diaria de energía con más fuerza en el grupo de peso normal (r = 0.52, p < 0.001 que en el grupo de sobrepeso (r = 0.26, p < 0.05). en ambos grupos, mientras más alto era el metabolismo, mayor era la diferencia entre la ingesta y el consumo de energía. CONCLUSIÓN: En el caso de las mujeres obesas, probablemente los reportes quedaron por debajo de la realidad. Sin embargo, se observaron ingesta y gasto de energía más altos en personas más corpulentas, que por consiguiente no fueron identificadas como menos activas.

Energy expenditure and dietary intake in overweight versus non-overweight Guadeloupian adults.

OBJECTIVE: Obesity is the source of many health problems in Guadeloupe. The aim of this study was to describe the relationships between daily energy intake and expenditure, and weight status. METHODS: Three consecutive daily recalls for activities and food intake were used to assess energy expenditure and energy intake in 20- to 60-year-old Guadeloupian men and women. RESULTS: The absolute daily energy expenditure was correlated to the body weight (r = 0.64, p > 0.001) and to the daily energy intake with more strength in the normal-weight group (r = 0.52, p < 0.001) than in the overweight group (r = 0.26, p < 0.05). In both weight groups, the higher the metabolism was, the larger was the difference between energy intake and energy expenditure. CONCLUSION: Under-reporting was probably present in overweight women. However, higher energy intake and expenditure were observed in larger persons who were consequently not identified as less active.

Asian Indians of Guadeloupe are less physically active than their island counterparts.

The status of ethnic minority has been reported to be associated with a tendency toward sedentary behavior. The Guadeloupean population is composed of Afro-Caribbeans and an Asian Indian minority. This study examined the association of ethnicity and physical activity on the island. Energy expenditures (EE), energy intakes (EI), and macronutrient intakes of 122 Guadeloupean workers (60 Indians and 62 controls) were assessed by three consecutive 24-h recalls. Two-way analyses of variance were conducted to test the hypothesis of an effect of ethnicity, taking the potential effect of sex into account, on these variables. Asian Indians reported lower EE (P=0.011), lower EE/EI ratios (P=0.001), and lower physical activity (P=0.003) than their Afro-Carribean counterparts. Their food intakes were not different in terms of EI or macronutrient intake. No sex x ethnicity interactions were significant. The present study reports a tendency toward physical inactivity in Asian Indians of Guadeloupe associated with EI similar to those of controls. Sedentary lifestyles and energetic imbalances are well-documented risk factors for several diseases, including type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, both major public health concerns in Guadeloupe. Strategies to prevent sedentary lifestyles should be considered for Asian Indian Guadeloupeans.