ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The preemptive use of anti-inflammatory drugs, such as corticosteroids and NSAIDs, has the potential to reduce pain, swelling and trismus following oral surgery. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of dexamethasone and ketorolac tromethamine in reducing pain, swelling and trismus after mandibular third molar removal. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The researches implemented a triple-blind, randomized clinical trial. The study was conducted with ASA I individuals aging between 18 and 35 years, which were randomized and submitted to two interventions, one with 8mg dexamethasone and the other with 20mg ketorolac tromethamine given 1h before the procedure. The primary predictor variable was the use of dexamethasone or ketorolac. The primary outcome variable was the postoperative pain level, measured with a Visual Analogue Scale. The secondary outcome variables were the amount of rescue analgesic consumed, swelling and trismus. Repeated-measures ANOVA and t-test for paired samples were used to compare the means. Significance was set at p < 0.05. RESULTS: Fifty individuals were randomized and allocated to intervention, and the sample was composed of 40 subjects who completed the study (27 female and 13 male). Dexamethasone, when compared to ketorolac tromethamine, showed a significantly higher reduction in pain level at 8h, 16h, 24h, 32h, 40h and 72h, in swelling and trismus at 24h, 48h, 72h and 7 days and in total number of rescue analgesics taken up to 72h postoperative (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The clinical performance of dexamethasone in controlling pain, swelling and trismus after mandibular third molar removal was superior to ketorolac tromethamine's.
Subject(s)
Ketorolac , Tooth, Impacted , Dexamethasone/therapeutic use , Double-Blind Method , Edema/etiology , Edema/prevention & control , Female , Humans , Male , Molar, Third/surgery , Pain, Postoperative/prevention & control , Tooth Extraction/adverse effects , Tooth, Impacted/surgery , Trismus/etiology , Trismus/prevention & controlABSTRACT
The uncommon occurrence of bovine mastitis by Pasteurella multocida is reported in nine cows. Mammary pasteurellosis was predominantly diagnosed predominantly in clinical cases, in dairy cows milked in the presence of calves. Low interference of immunosuppressive or predispose factors and absence of pulmonary signs were observed in animals. In vitro multiple drug resistance of isolates was observed to three or more conventional antimicrobials, especially with use of tetracycline and gentamicin. Epidemiologic findings, clinical signs, and antimicrobial profile were discussed in nine cases of bovine mastitis caused by P. multocida.
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Cattle , Drug Resistance, Microbial , Pasteurella Infections/veterinary , Mastitis, Bovine/microbiology , Cattle , Microbial Sensitivity TestsABSTRACT
Uncommon outbreak of mastitis caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains in 19 cows was reported.Enrofloxacin (73.7%) and danofloxacin were in vitro effective against those strains. In vitro multipledrug resistance of the isolated bacteria was observed to five or more conventional antimicrobials usedfor mammary therapy, including ampicillin (100.0%), cefalexin (100.0%), cloxacillin (100.0%),gentamicin (100.0%), penicillin/novobiocin (100.0%), cefoperazone (52.6%), tetracycline (100.0%),florfenicol (94.7%), and neomycin (73.7%). Epidemiological findings, clinical signs, in vitrosusceptibility profile, control measures, and public health risks were discussed in cows infected by P. aeruginosa.
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Drug Resistance, Microbial , Mastitis, Bovine/epidemiology , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/classification , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/isolation & purification , Brazil/epidemiology , CattleABSTRACT
Susceptibility profile and multiple drug resistance in 158 E. coli strains isolated from urinary tract infection (UTI), pyometra, and feces of dogs were studied. Norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and enrofloxacin were the most-effective drugs (>60 percent) for E. coli strains. High rates of resistance to antimicrobials were observed in 60 percent or more of the isolated strains using sulfametoxazole/trimetoprim. Multiple drug resistance for three or more antimicrobials was observed in two (47.1 percent) strains isolated from UTI, seven (13.5 percent) from pyometra, and four (7.3 percent) from feces. From these, 17 (33.3 percent), one (1.9 percent), and three (5.5 percent), respectively, showed multiple resistance to five or more drugs.
Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Escherichia coli/isolation & purification , Feces , Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/epidemiology , Urinary Tract/immunologyABSTRACT
Relata-se a ocorrência de graves sintomas de mastite hiperaguda em vaca, causada por Klebsiella pneumoniae, na terceira semana de lactação. Descrevem-se aspectos epidemiológicos, sintomas clínicos, procedimentos de diagnóstico microbiológico, conduta terapêutica e medidas de controle.
Subject(s)
Animals , Acute-Phase Reaction , Klebsiella pneumoniae/isolation & purification , Lipopolysaccharides , Mastitis, Bovine/diagnosisABSTRACT
Brucella abortus infection is reported in a dog from a rural area that presented at clinical evaluation left testicular enlargement and right testicular decrease. Serum resulted negative to rapid agglutination test and agar gel immunodifusion with Brucella ovis antigen but positive to buffered plate agglutination test, tube agglutination test and 2- Mercapthoetanol with B. abortus antigen. Brucella isolation was negative in blood, testicular material, semen and urine. Brucella DNA was detected in PCR from urine and blood
Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Brucellosis/epidemiology , Brucellosis/veterinary , Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/veterinary , Mononuclear Phagocyte System/microbiology , Biopsy, Fine-Needle/methods , Biopsy, Fine-Needle/veterinary , Agglutination Tests/methods , Agglutination Tests/veterinaryABSTRACT
Relata-se, pela primeira vez no Brasil, a ocorrência de mastite gangrenosa caprina atípica causada pela co-infecção por Staphylococcus aureus, Clostridium perfringens e Escherichia coli em uma cabra da raça Boer, na segunda semana de lactação. Descrevem-se os achados clínicos, os procedimentos de diagnóstico microbiológico e a conduta terapêutica.
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Goats , Gangrene/veterinary , Mastitis/epidemiology , Mastitis/etiology , Mastitis/veterinary , Clostridium perfringens/isolation & purification , Clostridium perfringens/pathogenicity , Escherichia coli/isolation & purification , Escherichia coli/pathogenicity , Bacterial Infections/veterinary , Staphylococcus aureus/isolation & purification , Staphylococcus aureus/pathogenicityABSTRACT
A concentração inibitória mínima-MIC em 30 estirpes de Pseudomonas aeruginosa isoladas de mastite bovina foi avaliada utilizando o E-test padrão e o método modificado, pela adição de Tris-EDTA e DMSO. Os métodos modificados apresentaram redução significativa da MIC das estirpes utilizando a gentamicina, a ciprofloxacina e a norfloxacina.
