[Influence of connective tissue differentiation on scar tissue formation in children]. / Vliyanie differentsiatsii soedinitel'noi tkani na formirovanie rubtsovoi tkani v detskom vozraste.

OBJECTIVE: To study the immunohistochemical features of various scar tissues in children without connective tissue pathology and with undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia syndrome. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Tissue biopsy was performed in 217 children who underwent surgical treatment for various lesions, such as injuries, burns, as well as other procedures. There were 127 boys (58.5%) and 90 (41.5%) girls. The main group consisted of 98 (48.2%) children with scar tissue; group of UCTD syndrome - 65 (30.0%) children; control group - 43 (24.8%) patients without pathological scars. Histological examination of scar tissue and intact skin was carried out during primary or redo reconstructive surgery. Immunohistochemical study of antibodies against CD34, CD105, CD140b, PDGFs, COL types I, III and IV was performed. RESULTS: The study showed a quantitative characteristic of expression of COL type I in hypertrophic scar with predominance in the main group (77.5±5.4%; p<0.05), and decrease in COL type IV. Keloid form was associated with predominance of granulation tissue in all layers of dermis and high levels of all types of collagen. In the group of UCTD, COL type III prevailed in all pathological forms of the scar. We determined quantitative indicators of expression of vascularization factors (CD34; CD105) and fibroblastic activity (CD140b; PDGFs). CONCLUSION: Understanding the process of fibrinogenesis and analysis of stages of triggering mechanisms are essential for development of preventive algorithms. Individualized approach should be considered in the treatment. These studies are especially important in children with UCTD syndrome as high-risk group for pathological scarring. Thus, further research is required.

[Structural changes of toothbrush bristles by brushing in patients with dental implants].

Lack of proper oral hygiene practices can lead to treatment failure in patients with implant-retained restorations. Structural changes of toothbrush bristles were studied using scanning electron microscopy and correlated with cleaning efficiency which was assessed at baseline and after 3 months of use of various toothbrushes types in 146 patients with implant-retained restorations. Oral hygiene was valued according to several indices (Approximal Plaque-Index (API), the Turesky index (PI), a modified superstructure plaque index Silness-Loe (PLIsk). Ultrasound toothbrush provided the best and the most efficient cleaning outcome in patients with implant-retained restorations. Scanning electron microscopy proved ultrasonic toothbrush bristles to be more resistant to abrasion during the three-month use.