ABSTRACT
Two physiologically active oligosaccharide fractions were isolated from pectin of Pisum sativum L. cell wall after its partial acid hydrolysis. These fractions displayed stimulating and inhibiting effects on root formation in thin-layer explants. The subsequent separation of these fractions by gel permeation and anion-exchange chromatography resulted in fractions with effective concentrations two orders of magnitude lower than the concentrations of the initial fractions. The resulting oligosaccharides displayed their effect on the earliest stage of the rhizogenesis associated with formation of root primordias. The rhizogenesis-inhibiting fraction suppressed cell division by 30-50%. The stimulating fraction mainly contained fragments of xyloglucan and galactan, and the inhibiting fraction contained fragments of xyloglucan, galactan, and arabinan. The polymerization degrees of the stimulating and of the inhibiting oligosaccharides were 10-11 and 5-6, respectively.
Subject(s)
Oligosaccharides/pharmacology , Pectins/pharmacology , Pisum sativum/chemistry , Plant Roots/drug effects , Oligosaccharides/isolation & purification , Pectins/isolation & purification , Plants/chemistrySubject(s)
Aggression/physiology , Behavior, Animal/physiology , Animals , Genetics, Behavioral , Genotype , Male , Mice , Mice, Inbred C57BL , Mice, Inbred CBA , Species SpecificityABSTRACT
Aggressive and submissive behaviour was studied in CBA/Lac and C57BL/6J strains of mice during long-term intermale interaction with syngenic partners. It was shown that the aggressiveness of aggressive C57BL/6J animals was more expressive than that of CBA/Lac' ones. The structure of submissive behaviour of this strains' encounters was also significantly different. Prolonged-defeat experience changed the character of submissive behaviour of C57BL/6J, but not of CBA/Lac' ones. Aggression of dominant animals considerably decreased in both strains. It is suggested that CBA/Lac and C57BL/6J mice had different mechanisms of suppression of intermale aggression.
Subject(s)
Aggression/physiology , Social Dominance , Animals , Genotype , Male , Mice , Mice, Inbred C57BL , Mice, Inbred CBA , Species SpecificityABSTRACT
Mice of C57BL/6J line with higher exploratory and motor activities and with lower emotionality and pain threshold recorded in standard tests, as compared with the animals of CBA/Lac line, have also been found to manifest a more expressed aggression in their intermale contacts in reaction to a syngeneous partner. It is suggested that the studied physiological and behavioural parameters may determine in considerable degree the character of aggressive and submissive mice behaviour in an agonistic interaction.
