ABSTRACT
The geochemical conditions of landscapes are the content in the environment of certain chemical elements and their compounds, the lack or excess of which causes deviations in the state of human health. This problem has arisen in connection with the extraction of alluvial diamonds and the forthcoming development of the Tomtor deposit of rare-earth metals in the territories where the indigenous peoples of the North live. The study included 107 indigenous people of the North, belonging to the ethnic group of Dolgans living in the village of Yuryung-Khaya, Anabar district, Yakutia of Russia. The method of mass spectrometry was used to study the content of 13 trace elements in blood serum (P, Sc, Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Cs, Pb). The study revealed an increase in the content of the macroelement phosphorus (148 mg/L) and trace elements of chromium (277 µg/L), manganese (133 µg/L), iron (5219 µg/L), nickel (57 µg/L) in serum of Dolgans, which may affect the development of diseases of the cardiovascular system and other diseases among indigenous inhabitants of the Arctic under conditions of industrial development of territories.
Subject(s)
Environmental Exposure/analysis , Ethnicity , Industrial Development , Trace Elements/blood , Adult , Age Factors , Aged , Arctic Regions , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Sex Factors , Siberia , Young AdultABSTRACT
The evaluation of economic damage was implemented in relation to premature mortality of population of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), the region with particular social economic and natural climatic conditions specific to territories of the North. The calculation of economic damage is based on methodology proposed by number of ministries of the Russian Federation and Rosstat in 2012. The presented evaluations and analysis of materials give an idea about total amount of economic damage because of mortality of population of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) which is necessary to consider during development of regional programs of decreasing of population mortality.
Subject(s)
Cold Climate/adverse effects , Environmental Exposure , Environmental Illness , Mortality, Premature , Value of Life/economics , Arctic Regions/epidemiology , Demography , Environmental Exposure/adverse effects , Environmental Exposure/prevention & control , Environmental Illness/economics , Environmental Illness/etiology , Environmental Illness/mortality , Environmental Illness/prevention & control , Humans , Life Expectancy , Needs Assessment , Russia/epidemiology , Socioeconomic FactorsABSTRACT
Informative value of clinical, electrocardiographic, and echocardiographic diagnostic criteria of compensated chronic pulmonary heart (CPH) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) was considered. The study included 229 patients with COPD of which 105 (group 1) showed no signs of CPH, 71 (group 2) had compensated and 53 (group 3) uncompensated CPH. They were examined by the standard echoCG method using an Acuson-128 HR apparatus (USA) and 12-lead ECG during a 2 year-long follow-up period. Direct cardiac clinical and electrocardiographic signs of right ventricular eccentric hypertrophy were found to have high informative value (100%) but very low sensitivity (7-53%). Indirect diagnostic criteria of compensated CHP are such non-specific signs as age of COPD patients above 50 yr, duration of the disease over 8 yr and broncho-obstructive syndrome (episodes of low-productive cough, dyspnea under small physical load and at rest, X-ray signs of lung emphysema, substantial reduction of FEV and FEV/FVC ratio) in 73-94% of the patients were associated with compensated CPH. The most valuable (75.8-90.5%) cardiographic diagnostic criteria for compensated CPH were MPAP > 22 mmHg (at rest), LVEDD > 24 mm, LVEDS > 17 mm, RVWT = > 5 mm, RAEDD > 32 mm. Criterion LVEDD > 24 mm has the optimal ratio of sensitivity (94.4%), specificity (85.7%), and positive predictive value (86.6%). Comprehensive clinical assessment of COPD character and duration, patients' age, manifestation of broncho-obstructive syndrome and direct clinical signs suggesting involvement of the right half of the heart permits to predict CPH in patients with COPD with a probability of 75%. The definitive diagnosis is verified by echoCG or other instrumental methods.
Subject(s)
Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/complications , Pulmonary Heart Disease/diagnostic imaging , Adult , Diagnosis, Differential , Echocardiography , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/diagnostic imaging , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/physiopathology , Pulmonary Heart Disease/etiology , Pulmonary Heart Disease/physiopathology , Ventricular Function/physiologyABSTRACT
A patient aged 42 with the aortic valve prosthesis was examined with the help of coronography and ultrasonic scanning of the heart in the period of ischemic injury of the anterior myocardium: occlusion of the unchanged anterior descending artery by an embolus formed on the artificial cardiac valve was revealed. Despite rapid recovery of arterial permeability (3 h 47 min, after the onset of disease) by intracoronary administration of streptase with subsequent anticoagulant and antiplatelet drug therapy the patient developed anterior myocardial infarction with left ventricular aneurysm and intracardiac thrombosis.
