ABSTRACT
An unusual Actinomyces-like bacterium originating from a pig with mastitis was subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic investigation. The morphological and biochemical characteristics of the organism were consistent with its preliminary assignment to the genus Actinomyces but it did not appear to correspond to any recognized species. PAGE analysis of whole-cell proteins confirmed the phenotypic distinctiveness of the bacterium and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis demonstrated that it represents a hitherto unknown sub-line amongst a cluster of Actinomyces species which embraces Actinomyces canis, Actinomyces georgiae, Actinomyces hyovaginalis, Actinomyces meyeri, Actinomyces odontolyticus, Actinomyces radingae and Actinomyces turicensis. Based on phylogenetic and phenotypic evidence, it is proposed that the unknown bacterium isolated from pig mastitis be classified as Actinomyces suimastitidis sp. nov. The type strain of Actinomyces suimastitidis is CCUG 39279T (= CIP 106779T).
Subject(s)
Actinomyces/isolation & purification , Actinomycosis/veterinary , Mastitis/veterinary , Swine Diseases/microbiology , Actinomyces/classification , Actinomyces/genetics , Actinomyces/metabolism , Actinomyces/pathogenicity , Actinomycosis/microbiology , Animals , DNA, Bacterial/genetics , DNA, Ribosomal/genetics , Female , Mastitis/microbiology , Molecular Sequence Data , Phenotype , Phylogeny , Swine , Terminology as TopicABSTRACT
An unknown Gram-positive rod-shaped bacterium was isolated from skin scrapings from the infected head of a sheep and subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic analysis. Chemical analysis revealed the presence of straight-chain and monounsaturated fatty acids and short-chain (C32-C36) mycolic acids consistent with the genus Corynebacterium. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing confirmed that the unknown rod was a member of the genus Corynebacterium, with the organism forming a distinct sub-line and displaying greater than 3% sequence divergence with established species. The unknown Corynebacterium isolate was readily distinguished from recognized species of the genus by biochemical tests and electrophoretic analysis of whole-cell proteins. Based on phylogenetic and phenotypic evidence, it is proposed that the unknown bacterium from a sheep be classified in the genus Corynebacterium, as Corynebacterium capitovis sp. nov. The type strain of Corynebacterium capitovis is CCUG 39779T (= CIP 106739T).
Subject(s)
Corynebacterium Infections/veterinary , Corynebacterium/classification , Phylogeny , Sheep Diseases/microbiology , Animals , Corynebacterium/genetics , Corynebacterium/isolation & purification , Corynebacterium Infections/microbiology , DNA, Ribosomal/genetics , Fatty Acids/analysis , Head , Humans , Molecular Sequence Data , Mycolic Acids/analysis , RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics , Sheep , Skin/microbiologyABSTRACT
An Actinomyces-like bacterium was recovered from two dogs. Based on cellular morphology and biochemical criteria, the unknown bacterium resembled the genus Actinomyces but it did not appear to correspond to any of the currently recognized species of this genus. PAGE analysis of whole-cell proteins confirmed that the strain was phenotypically distinct from all other Actinomyces species and comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that the bacterium represents an unknown sub-line within the genus. Based on phenotypic and phylogenetic evidence, it is proposed that the bacterium from dogs be classified as a new species of the genus Actinomyces, Actinomyces catuli. The type strain of Actinomyces catuli is CCUG 41709T (= CIP 106507T).
Subject(s)
Actinomyces/classification , Dogs/microbiology , Actinomyces/isolation & purification , Animals , Bacterial Typing Techniques , Molecular Sequence Data , Phylogeny , RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics , Terminology as TopicABSTRACT
Phenotypic and phylogenetic studies were performed on a hitherto undescribed Gram-positive, catalase-negative, chain-forming coccus isolated from human blood. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing studies demonstrated that the unknown organism constitutes a new phylogenetic line, close to, but distinct from, Facklamia and Globicatella. The unknown bacterium was readily distinguished from currently recognized Facklamia species and Globicatella sanguinis by biochemical tests and electrophoretic analysis of whole-cell proteins. On the basis of phylogenetic and phenotypic evidence, it is proposed that the unknown bacterium be classified as Dolosicoccus paucivorans gen. nov., sp. nov. The type strain of Dolosicoccus paucivorans is CCUG 39307T.
Subject(s)
Blood/microbiology , Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/microbiology , Gram-Positive Cocci/classification , Gram-Positive Cocci/genetics , Bacteremia/microbiology , Bacterial Typing Techniques , Catalase/metabolism , Genes, rRNA , Gram-Positive Cocci/isolation & purification , Gram-Positive Cocci/physiology , Humans , Molecular Sequence Data , Phylogeny , Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods , RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics , Sequence Analysis, DNAABSTRACT
A hitherto unknown Gram-positive, catalase-negative, facultatively anaerobic coccus isolated from a vesicle on the gum of a dog was characterized by phenotypic and molecular taxonomic methods. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing studies demonstrated that the isolate represents a new subline within the genus Gemella. The unknown bacterium was readily distinguished from all currently described members of this genus, Gemella haemolysans, Gemella bergeri, Gemella morbillorum and Gemella sanguinis, by biochemical tests and electrophoretic analysis of whole-cell proteins. On the basis of phylogenetic and phenotypic evidence, it is proposed that the unknown bacterium be classified as Gemella palaticanis sp. nov. The type strain of Gemella palaticanis is CCUG 39489T.
Subject(s)
Dog Diseases/microbiology , Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/veterinary , Gram-Positive Cocci/classification , Mouth/microbiology , Animals , Bacterial Typing Techniques , Dogs , Genes, rRNA , Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/microbiology , Gram-Positive Cocci/isolation & purification , Gram-Positive Cocci/physiology , Male , Molecular Sequence Data , RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics , Sequence Analysis, DNAABSTRACT
Phenotypic and phylogenetic studies were performed on a hitherto undescribed micro-organism isolated from the human vagina. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing studies demonstrated that the unknown strain constituted a new subline within the genus Atopobium. The unknown bacterium was readily distinguished from other Atopobium species by biochemical tests and electrophoretic analysis of whole-cell proteins. Based on phylogenetic and phenotypic evidence, it is proposed that the unknown bacterium be classified as Atopobium vaginae sp. nov. The type strain of Atopobium vaginae is CCUG 38953T.
Subject(s)
Actinobacteria/classification , Actinobacteria/genetics , Vagina/microbiology , Actinobacteria/isolation & purification , Actinobacteria/physiology , Bacterial Typing Techniques , Female , Genes, rRNA , Humans , Molecular Sequence Data , Phylogeny , RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics , Sequence Analysis, DNAABSTRACT
An unknown Gram-positive, catalase-negative, facultatively anaerobic, coccus-shaped organism originating as a contaminant of snuff was characterized by phenotypic and molecular taxonomic methods. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing studies demonstrated that the bacterium represents a new subline within the genus Facklamia. The unknown bacterium was readily distinguished from Facklamis hominis and Facklamia ignava by biochemical tests and electrophoretic analysis of whole-cell proteins. On the basis of phylogenetic and phenotypic evidence, it is proposed that the unknown bacterium be classified as Facklamia tabacinasalis sp. nov., the type strain of which is CCUG 30090T.
Subject(s)
Gram-Positive Cocci/classification , Gram-Positive Cocci/isolation & purification , Plants, Toxic , Tobacco, Smokeless , Bacterial Proteins/analysis , Bacterial Typing Techniques , DNA, Bacterial/chemistry , DNA, Bacterial/genetics , DNA, Ribosomal/chemistry , DNA, Ribosomal/genetics , Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel , Gram-Positive Cocci/cytology , Gram-Positive Cocci/physiology , Molecular Sequence Data , Phenotype , RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics , Sequence Analysis, DNAABSTRACT
Three strains of a previously undescribed catalase-positive non-lipophilic coryneform bacterium isolated from human clinical specimens were characterized by phenotypic and molecular taxonomic methods. Morphologically the unknown bacterium consisted of pleomorphic rods, some of which displayed bulges/knobs at their ends. All three strains were similar in that they produced acid from fructose, glucose, maltose and sucrose and were urease-positive. Chemotaxonomic investigations revealed the presence of meso-diaminopimelic acid and short-chain mycolic acids consistent with the genus Corynebacterium sensu stricto. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that the three strains are genealogically highly related and constitute a new subline within the genus Corynebacterium, displaying > 3% sequence divergence with recognized species. The unknown bacterium was distinguished from currently validly published Corynebacterium species by phenotypic tests, including electrophoretic analysis of whole-cell proteins. Based on phylogenetic and phenotypic evidence, it is proposed that the unknown bacterium from clinical specimens be classified as Corynebacterium sundsvallense sp. nov. The type strain is CCUG 36622T.
Subject(s)
Corynebacterium Infections/microbiology , Corynebacterium/classification , Corynebacterium/isolation & purification , Bacterial Typing Techniques , DNA, Bacterial/genetics , DNA, Ribosomal/genetics , Genes, rRNA , Humans , Molecular Sequence Data , Phylogeny , RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics , Sequence Analysis, DNAABSTRACT
Phenotypic and phylogenetic studies were performed on a hitherto undescribed micro-organism isolated from a minke whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata). Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing studies demonstrated that the unknown strain constituted a new subline close to, but distinct from, Abiotrophia adiacens and Abiotrophia elegans. The unknown bacterium was readily distinguished from these two Abiotrophia species by biochemical tests and electrophoretic analysis of whole-cell proteins. On the basis of phylogenetic and phenotypic evidence, it is proposed that the unknown bacterium be classified as Abiotrophia balaenopterae sp. nov., the type strain of which is M1975/96/1T (= CCUG 37380T).
Subject(s)
Streptococcaceae/classification , Streptococcaceae/genetics , Whales/microbiology , Animals , DNA, Bacterial/chemistry , DNA, Bacterial/genetics , DNA, Ribosomal/chemistry , DNA, Ribosomal/genetics , Genes, rRNA , Molecular Sequence Data , Phylogeny , RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics , Streptococcaceae/cytology , Streptococcaceae/isolation & purificationABSTRACT
Two strains of a Gram-positive catalase-negative, facultatively anaerobic coccus originating from human sources were characterized by phenotypic and molecular taxonomic methods. The strains were found to be identical to each other based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing and constitute a new subline within the genus Facklamia. The unknown bacterium was readily distinguished from Facklamis hominis and Facklamia ignava by biochemical tests and electrophoretic analysis of whole-cell proteins. Based on phylogenetic and phenotypic evidence it is proposed that the unknown bacterium be classified as Facklamia sourekii sp. nov., the type strain of which is CCUG 28783AT.
Subject(s)
Gram-Positive Cocci/classification , Gram-Positive Cocci/isolation & purification , Aged , Bacterial Typing Techniques , Blood/microbiology , DNA, Bacterial/chemistry , DNA, Bacterial/genetics , DNA, Ribosomal/chemistry , DNA, Ribosomal/genetics , Genes, rRNA , Gram-Positive Cocci/genetics , Gram-Positive Cocci/physiology , Humans , Male , Molecular Sequence Data , Phylogeny , RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics , Sequence Analysis, DNAABSTRACT
Three strains of a gram-positive catalase-negative, facultatively anaerobic coccus-shaped organism originating from human clinical samples were characterized by phenotypic and molecular taxonomic methods. Sequencing of genes encoding 16S rRNA showed that the strains are phylogenetically closely related (99.9 to 100% sequence similarity) and represent a new subline within the genus Facklamia. The unknown bacterium was readily distinguished from all currently described species of the genus Facklamia (viz., Facklamia hominis, Facklamia ignava, and Facklamia sourekii) by biochemical tests and electrophoretic analysis of whole-cell proteins. Based on phylogenetic and phenotypic evidence, it is proposed that the unknown bacterium be classified as Facklamia languida sp. nov. The type strain of F. languida is CCUG 37842.
Subject(s)
Bacillaceae/isolation & purification , Bacillaceae/classification , Bacillaceae/genetics , Bacillaceae Infections/microbiology , Genes, Bacterial , Humans , Molecular Sequence Data , Phenotype , Phylogeny , RNA, Bacterial/genetics , RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics , Species SpecificityABSTRACT
Two strains of a hitherto undescribed Gram-positive catalase-negative, facultatively anaerobic coccus isolated from human sources were characterized by phenotypic and molecular taxonomic methods. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing studies demonstrated the unknown strains were genealogically identical, and constitute a new line close to, but distinct from, the genera Facklamia and Globicatella. The unknown bacterium was readily distinguished from Facklamia species and Globicatella sanguinus by biochemical tests and electrophoretic analysis of whole-cell proteins. Based on phylogenetic and phenotypic evidence it is proposed that the unknown bacterium be classified as Ignavigranum ruoffiae gen. nov., sp. nov. The type strain of Ignavigranum ruoffiae is CCUG 37658T.
Subject(s)
Gram-Positive Bacteria/classification , Base Sequence , Gram-Positive Bacteria/isolation & purification , Humans , Molecular Sequence Data , Phylogeny , RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/chemistryABSTRACT
Eleven strains of a hitherto undescribed Gram-positive, catalase-negative, facultatively anaerobic rod-shaped bacterium from human sources and medical care products were characterized by phenotypic and molecular taxonomic methods. The phenotypic properties of the bacterium were consistent with its assignment to the genus Lactobacillus but it was readily distinguished from all currently described species of this genus by its biochemical characteristics and by SDS-PAGE analysis of its cellular proteins. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis demonstrated that the unknown bacterium was a member of rRNA group I Lactobacillus which includes Lactobacillus delbrueckii, the type species of the genus, and close relatives. Lactobacillus gasseri and Lactobacillus johnsonii were the nearest phylogenetic relatives of the unknown bacterium, but 16S rRNA sequence divergence values of > 4% clearly showed that it represents a distinct species. Based on both phylogenetic and phenotypic evidence, it is proposed that the unknown bacterium should be classified in the genus Lactobacillus, as Lactobacillus iners sp. nov. The type strain of Lactobacillus iners is CCUG 28746T.
Subject(s)
Lactobacillus/classification , Base Sequence , Humans , Molecular Sequence Data , Phenotype , Phylogeny , RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/chemistryABSTRACT
A strain of a hitherto undescribed coryneform bacterium from human clinical material was characterized by phenotypic and molecular taxonomic methods. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis demonstrated the strain represents a novel and deep lineage within the genus Corynebacterium sensu stricto. Chemical analyses revealed the unidentified strain was unusual in that it lacked mycolic acids. Based on the phylogenetic and phenotypic distinctiveness of the unknown isolate, it is proposed that the bacterium be classified as a new Corynebacterium species, for which the name Corynebacterium kroppenstedtii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CCUG 35717T.
Subject(s)
Corynebacterium Infections/microbiology , Corynebacterium/classification , Mycolic Acids/analysis , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Base Sequence , Corynebacterium/chemistry , Corynebacterium/isolation & purification , Corynebacterium/physiology , DNA, Bacterial/chemistry , Female , Genes, rRNA , Humans , Molecular Sequence Data , Phenotype , Phylogeny , RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics , Respiratory Tract Infections/microbiology , Sequence Analysis, DNA , Species Specificity , Sputum/microbiology , Terminology as TopicABSTRACT
Six strains of a hitherto undescribed gram-positive, catalase-negative, facultatively anaerobic coccus isolated from human sources were characterized by phenotypic and molecular taxonomic methods. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing studies demonstrated that the unknown strains were genealogically identical and constitute a new subline within the genus Gemella. The unknown bacterium was readily distinguished from Gemella haemolysans, Gemella bergeriae, and Gemella morbillorum by biochemical tests and electrophoretic analysis of whole-cell proteins. Based on phylogenetic and phenotypic evidence, it is proposed that the unknown bacterium be classified as Gemella sanguinis sp. nov. The type strain is CCUG 37820(T).
Subject(s)
Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/microbiology , Gram-Positive Cocci/classification , Phylogeny , DNA, Bacterial/genetics , DNA, Ribosomal/genetics , Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/diagnosis , Gram-Positive Cocci/genetics , Gram-Positive Cocci/isolation & purification , Humans , Molecular Sequence Data , Phenotype , RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/geneticsABSTRACT
Two strains of a hitherto-undescribed gram-positive, catalase-negative coccus isolated from human sources were characterized by phenotypic and molecular taxonomic methods. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing studies demonstrated that the unknown strains are genealogically identical and constitute a new line close to, but distinct from, Facklamia hominis. The unknown bacterium was readily distinguished from F. hominis by biochemical tests and electrophoretic analysis of whole-cell proteins. On the basis of phylogenetic and phenotypic evidence, it is proposed that the unknown bacterium be classified as Facklamia ignava sp. nov. The type strain of Facklamia ignava is CCUG 37419.
Subject(s)
Bacillaceae Infections/microbiology , Bacillaceae/classification , Bacillaceae/isolation & purification , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , DNA, Bacterial/analysis , Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel , Female , Humans , Molecular Sequence Data , Phylogeny , RNA, Bacterial/genetics , RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics , Sequence Analysis, DNA , rRNA OperonABSTRACT
During a 2-year period, 10 strains of Arthrobacter cumminsii were isolated in or received by a Swiss routine clinical bacteriology laboratory, and 5 further isolates were referred to a Swedish bacteriology reference center over a 5-year period, making A. cumminsii the most frequently encountered Arthrobacter species in these two laboratories. The present report outlines the clinical features of the 15 A. cumminsii strains and presents an extended biochemical characterization of this microorganism. A. cumminsii exhibits a unique cellular fatty acid pattern with the consistent presence of C14:0i and C14:0 fatty acids as well as relatively large amounts of C16:0i and C16:0 fatty acids usually not seen in other Arthrobacter spp. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was found to be a useful tool for confirmation of the identification of A. cumminsii. The MICs of 39 antimicrobial agents were determined, and it was demonstrated that aminoglycosides and quinolones had only weak activities against A. cumminsii strains, in contrast to their activities against most other coryneform bacteria. As a result of the extended characterization of A. cumminsii, an emended description of this species is presented. Due to the lack of A. cumminsii in established identification systems, it is most likely that this species is underdiagnosed in many routine clinical bacteriology laboratories.
Subject(s)
Actinomycetales Infections/microbiology , Arthrobacter/classification , Arthrobacter/isolation & purification , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Arthrobacter/drug effects , Arthrobacter/physiology , Bacterial Typing Techniques , Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel , Fatty Acids/analysis , Female , Humans , Male , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Middle AgedABSTRACT
Over a five-year period, four strains of a yellowish-pigmented coryneform bacterium were received for identification by the Culture Collection of the University of Göteborg. All strains had been isolated from normally sterile human body fluids. Initial biochemical characterization revealed that all four isolates were very similar, with weak pyrazinamidase and urease activities, as well as slow fermentative acid production from glucose as the most significant phenotypic features which differentiated the strains from all other presently defined corynebacteria. Chemotaxonomic investigations demonstrated that the strains belonged to the genus Corynebacterium. SDS-PAGE of whole-cell proteins suggested that all four strains were representatives of the same species. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis unambiguously demonstrated that the four strains were genealogically related and represent a new subline within the genus Corynebacterium for which the designation Corynebacterium falsenii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Corynebacterium falsenii is CCUG 33651.
Subject(s)
Corynebacterium Infections/diagnosis , Corynebacterium/classification , Adult , Aged , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Child, Preschool , Corynebacterium/drug effects , Corynebacterium/genetics , Corynebacterium Infections/drug therapy , Culture Media , DNA, Bacterial/analysis , Female , Humans , Male , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Molecular Sequence Data , PhenotypeABSTRACT
Six strains of a hitherto-undescribed gram-positive, catalase-negative, facultatively anaerobic coccus from human sources were characterized by phenotypic and molecular taxonomic methods. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing studies demonstrated that the unknown strains are genealogically homogeneous and constitute a new subline within the genus Gemella. The unknown bacterium was readily distinguished from Gemella haemolysans, the type species of the genus Gemella, and from Gemella morbillorum by biochemical tests and electrophoretic analysis of whole-cell proteins. On the basis of phylogenetic and phenotypic evidence, it is proposed that the unknown bacterium from clinical specimens be classified as Gemella bergeriae sp. nov. The type strain of G. bergeriae is CCUG 37817 (= strain 617-93).
Subject(s)
Gram-Positive Cocci/classification , DNA, Bacterial/analysis , Gram-Positive Cocci/genetics , Humans , Molecular Sequence Data , Phylogeny , RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/geneticsABSTRACT
Six strains of a hitherto undescribed gram-positive, catalase-negative, facultatively anaerobic coccus from human sources were characterized by phenotypic and molecular taxonomic methods. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing studies demonstrated that the unknown strains were genealogically homogeneous and constitute a new line closely related to, but distinct from, the genus Globicatella. The unknown bacterium was readily distinguished from Globicatella sanguis, the type species of the genus Globicatella, by the results of biochemical tests and an electrophoretic analysis of whole-cell proteins. Based on phylogenetic and phenotypic evidence, we propose that the unknown bacterium be classified as Facklamia hominis gen. nov., sp. nov. The type strain of Facklamia hominis is CCUG 36813.
