ABSTRACT
The activity of the phosphite of acycloguanosine (P-ACG) and six antivirals was tested individually and in double and triple combinations on two strains of the herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1 (sensitive to acyclovir and resistant to acyclovir) using the CPE inhibition method in the Vero E6 cell microcultures. These are: phosphite of acycloguanosine (P-ACG), Ara-A, cidofovir (CDV), ribavirin (Rib), phosphonoformate (PFA), glycyrrhizic acid (GLN) and alpha-interferon (alpha-IFN). All studied double combinations and triple combinations including P-ACV inhibited replication of both HSV strains more effectively than any drug alone. Various types of interactions depending on the virus type were observed in both viral models: synergistic (double combinations P-ACG with PFA, CDV, Rib, alpha-IFN and triple combinations P-ACG with alpha-IFN +PFA, alpha-IFN +AraA, alpha-IFN +CDV, PFA+CDV, PFA+Rib, CDV+AraA, CDV+Rib, CDV+GLN,PFA+AraA) and additive (P-ACG with AraA and PFA+GLN). Neither antagonism nor interference was noted for any combinations. Adduced results suggest that these combinations might be clinically useful for the treatment of certain herpes simplex virus type 1 infections.
Subject(s)
Acyclovir/pharmacology , Antiviral Agents/pharmacology , Herpesvirus 1, Human/drug effects , Animals , Chlorocebus aethiops , Cidofovir , Cytosine/analogs & derivatives , Cytosine/pharmacology , Drug Resistance, Viral/physiology , Drug Synergism , Drug Therapy, Combination , Foscarnet/pharmacology , Glycyrrhizic Acid/pharmacology , Herpesvirus 1, Human/physiology , Humans , Interferon-alpha/pharmacology , Organophosphonates/pharmacology , Phosphites , Ribavirin/pharmacology , Vero Cells , Vidarabine/pharmacology , Virus Replication/drug effectsABSTRACT
Preparations of I(125)-labeled monoclonal antibodies against neurospecific enolase and mouse plasma IgG1 were injected intravenously to rats immediately after unilateral occlusion of the middle cerebral artery. Radioactivity of I(125)-labeled monoclonal antibodies against neurospecific enolase in the brain tissue progressively increased, reached a maximum by the 48th hour, and remained practically unchanged after 72 h. At the same time radioactivity of labeled IgG1 in the brain tissue and radioactivity of both preparations in the blood, liver, spleen, kidneys, heart, and lungs decreased over 72 h. Selective accumulation of I(125)-labeled monoclonal antibodies against neurospecific enolase was less significant in the brain tissue of the contralateral hemisphere and cerebellum not exposed to ischemia.
