What are the ideal screw lengths in volar locking plate fixation for distal radius fractures?

PURPOSE: This study aimed to specify the optimal lengths of the distal locking screws (in a female population undergoing distal radius fracture fixation with a volar locking plate) to avoid damaging the dorsal extensor tendon compartments while preserving stability. METHODS: Twenty-five female adult patients underwent volar locking plate fixation with four 2.4 mm locking screws inserted distally. Our modified dorsal tangential fluoroscopic view (DTV) was taken perioperatively followed by postoperative CT scans to compare the accuracy in determining the distal screw lengths. RESULTS: Our modified DTV was 88 %, 84 %, 88 %, and 76 % sensitive in detecting screw lengths in the first, second, third, and fourth distal plate holes, respectively. According to the CT scans, none of the screws were over-penetrated in the third dorsal compartment, over-penetration was found in the second and fourth dorsal compartment. The most-accurate screw lengths in the four most distal plate holes in female distal radius fracture are 14, 20, 20, and 20 mm from the radial to the ulnar aspect. CONCLUSION: In dorsal cortex comminution, when perioperative measuring is imprecise, inserting the most-suitable distal locking screw for problematic hole and then applying our modified DTV seems to be a simpler and safer option (Tab. 3, Fig. 4, Ref. 33).

Monitoring of hands movement trajectories in the field of laparoscopic and endoscopic surgeries and options in the clinical practice.

Within the project "Applied research trajectory hands in laparoscopic and endoscopic operations", ITMS Project code 26240220056, funded by the European Regional Development Fund and the state budget of the Slovak Republic, we created a technical background and algorithms for monitoring and evaluating the hand movements of the surgeon during laparoscopic and endoscopic operations. This is a unique idea and unique project transformed into clinical practice, which is promising to assist in laparoscopic training and inclusion of surgeon / endoscopist to "skilfulness" group on the evaluation of the effectiveness of movements of his hands (Tab. 2, Ref. 11).

[Flow rates and pulmonary volumes in athetosis patients with speech disorders]. / Etude des débits et des volumes pulmonaires chez les athétosiques ayant des troubles de la phonation

In 9 controls and in 10 athetosic subjects, authors performed a pneumotachographic registering of ventilation under rest conditions for each phase and determined : the phase duration, the delay between the onset of the phase and the moment where the maximal output occurs, the output reached at the first 1/10th of second after phase change. These determinations were performed in 189 cycles in the controls and in 257 cycles in the athetosic subjects. For each cycle, ventilation and frequency reported to one minute were reckoned, and the relation was established between the duration of expiration and inspiration and between the time necessary for the output to reach its maximal level and the phase duration. The hereafter mentioned facts were noted : in the athetosic subjects there exists a tachypnea for normal ventilation figures, a proportional lengthening in the expiration duration with a reduced mean output; in the beginning of the phase, the output gets increased more rapidly and reaches a higher level than in the controls; then a slow and irregular decrease occurs. Inspiration is rapid and regular. The most perturbed expiration is to be found in the athetosic subjects who exhibit the most severe vocal disorders. These expiratory anomalies appear to be bound with a poor thoracic and laryngeal motor controlling during the passive phase of the respiration, whereas the automatic inspiratory movement takes place in a normal mood.