Yield of Display Modules of Corneal Tomography for Early Diagnosis of Corneal Ectasia.

The thesis deals with comparison of topographic corneal indexes and their importance for the diagnosis of corneal ectatic disease. The corneas with different stages of keratoconus, forme fruste keratoconus, pellucid marginal degeneration, corneal warpage syndrome, and physiological cornea with varying values of regular astigmatism were included in the tested group. The study was conducted in 2015-2018 at the European Eye Clinic Lexum Brno. The study group contained 208 eyes, 111 eyes with keratoconus, 31 eyes with forme fruste keratoconus, 23 eyes with pellucid marginal degeneration, 10 eyes with corneal warpage syndrome and 33 physiological eyes. 19 corneal parameters and indexes were monitored for these ectatic diseases, which were compared with healthy corneas with regular astigmatism. A single-factor ANOVA test, a Student t-test were used for statistical analysis. Pearson's coefficients were used to assess the correlation. In all the observed tomographic parameters a statistically significant difference was found between the physiological and ectatic group of corneas. The parameters with the highest statistical difference were BEThLo, ISV, IHD, D, Rmin. Statistically significant indices were also found between the forme fruste keratoconus and physiological corneas. The best parameters for detecting the subclinical keratoconus were the back elevation at the thinniest point of the cornea (BEThLo), the difference between the thinniest and the central point of cornea (CP-TL), the maximum pachymetic progression index and the Db and D indexes (p 0.6) according to Pearson's correlation coefficient. Statistically significant differences in the KK and PMD groups were found in the index of relative pachymetry, central pachymetry, CKI and Dp. Key words: Pentacam, corneal ectasia, keratoconus, pellucid marginal degeneration, corneal warpage syndrome, forme fruste keratoconus.

Asphercial iols and their effect on visual, depth of field, spherical aberration and contrast sensitivity.

The work compares visual functions after cataract surgery and implantation of spherical (AAB00) and aspherical (ZCB00, MX60) intraocular lenses (IOL). The study was conducted in the years 2017-2018 at the European Eye Clinic Lexum Brno. The examined group contains 60 eyes. The study focused primarily on the comparison of distance corrected visual acuity (DCVA), the postoperative value of the total spherical aberration (SA), the depth of field (DoF) for the near and the contrast sensitivity. A single-factor ANOVA test was used for statistical analysis. Nearly all of the monitored values were statistically significantly better for the aspheric IOL group. It was DCVA (ZCB00: p = 0.048, MX60: p = 0.001), the total postoperative SA (ZCB00: p.

The combined effect of ultrasound exposure and cisplatin on human ovarian carcinoma cells A2780.

This article deals with an in vitro study of the effect of cisplatin and low intensity ultrasound exposure on the viability of human ovarial carcinoma cells A2780. The effect on the viability of 103 cell experimental group samples under the influence of separate and combined cisplatin and ultrasound far field exposure was studied. Viable cells in individual experimental groups were followed at time intervals of 0, 24, 48 and 72 hours following treatment. Another objective of the study was to investigate the effect of the experimental protocol on the combined effect of cisplatin and ultrasound exposure. The effect of the concurrent application of cisplatin and ultrasound exposure was compared with that in which cisplatin was added to the cell suspension after ultrasound exposure. The results of this work confirmed the cytotoxicity of cisplatin and possible stimulation of cancer cells by low intensity ultrasound. However, it was found that ultrasound exposure enhances the action of cisplatin on the viability of A2780 cells and that the effect is dependent on the experimental protocol. In this case the concurrent application of cisplatin and ultrasound was found to be more effective (P < 0.05).

Changes in microtubules and microfilaments due to a combined effect of ultrasound and cytostatics in HeLa cells.

Treatment of HeLa cells with low intensity ultrasound and two cytostatic drugs, cycloplatin and methotrexate, resulted in a partial disassembly of microtubules and microfilaments. This disassembly was due to depolymerization and subsequent erroneous repolymeration of essential cytoskeletal proteins, resulting in formation of unusual arrangements, mainly small, granule-like structures. The combined action of ultrasound and cytostatics had a synergistic effect dependent on both the concentration of the drug and the time of sonication. The demonstrated changes in the cytoskeleton are considered to be non-specific to ultrasound treatment, reflecting only an altered vital state of the treated cells.

Ultrasonically induced alterations of cultured tumour cells.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to establish: (i) which phase of the cell cycle is most sensitive to ultrasonic action; and (ii) whether and in which way ultrasound can influence components of the cytoskeleton. METHODS: HeLa cell monolayers grown on glass cover-slips in DEM medium were used in all experiments. For proliferation studies, the cell monolayers were trypsinized and the cells were resuspended in fresh medium. The structure of the cytoskeleton was studied by means of the indirect immunofluorescence method. The cells were sonicated by a cw ultrasound of 0.8 MHz at low SA intensities (50, 100 and 500 mW/cm2) for 5 and 10 min. RESULTS: The analysis of proliferation demonstrated that cells were most sensitive when undergoing M- and S-phases of the cell cycle. The ultrasonically induced disassembly of cytoskeleton components was most marked in microtubules and microfilaments due to depolymerization of basic proteins (tubulin and actin). The reaction of intermediate filaments was distinctly weaker. CONCLUSIONS: In-vitro treatment of tumour cells with low intensity ultrasound results in partial inhibition of proliferation as well as in partial disassembly of all components of the cytoskeleton. Ultrasonically induced changes of the cytoskeleton seem to be non-specific and temporary.