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1.
Sci Total Environ ; 318(1-3): 125-41, 2004 Jan 05.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-14654280

ABSTRACT

Lake Ellasjøen and Lake Øyangen are two high Arctic lake ecosystem located on the island Bjørnøya (74 degrees 30' N, 19 degrees 00' E) in the Barents Sea. High levels of persistent organic pollutants (POPs), especially PCB and p,p'-DDE, were found in sediment and biota from Lake Ellasjøen while levels were several times lower in Lake Øyangen. Stable isotope signatures (delta15N) in comparable organisms (e.g. zooplankton, Arctic char) collected from both the lakes were also significantly different. The values of delta15N were 6-10 per thousand higher in the organisms from Ellasjøen than from Øyangen. In both Ellasjøen and Øyangen, a statistically significant correlation (P<0.05) was found between the levels of PCB and DDT, and delta15N values in organisms indicating enhanced bioaccumulation for higher trophical level lake organisms. As the lakes on Bjørnøya are remote, more than 500 km from any known point source, the presence of POPs is most likely the result of long-range transport of contaminants to the area. The observed higher contaminant concentrations associated with the Ellasjøen ecosystem is attributed to two factors. Ellasjøen is located in the southern, mountainous part of Bjørnøya and it is likely that this area receives more precipitation, and thereby more airborne contaminants, than the flatter areas further north on the island (i.e. the area around Øyangen). In addition, higher delta15N-levels in organisms from Ellasjøen as compared to Øyangen indicate the input of guano from seabirds using the lake as a resting area as an additional source of POPs to Ellasjøen.


Subject(s)
Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene/analysis , Ecosystem , Environmental Pollutants/analysis , Food Chain , Insecticides/analysis , Polychlorinated Biphenyls/analysis , Water Supply , Animals , Arctic Regions , Birds , Environmental Monitoring , Norway , Trout , Zooplankton
2.
Sci Total Environ ; 306(1-3): 85-97, 2003 May 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12699920

ABSTRACT

The results of measurement of polychlorinated biphenyls (10 PCB congeners recommended by AMAP) in surface bottom sediments collected from 26 remote lakes in Northern Norway and 11 lakes in North Russia in 1994 and 1995 are presented. Cores were collected from the deepest part of each lake with a gravity corer. The north Russian lakes were shallow ponds less than 1 m deep, while the north Norwegian lakes and the lakes on the Svalbard Archipelago were usually 10-30 m deep. The sediment samples were analyzed by GC-high resolution MS analyses. The range of concentrations was wide. In sediment from the tundra ponds, summation operator PCB were generally low, ranging from 0.2 to 1.4 ng/g dry weight (dw), with one exception (19.3 ng/g dw). In sediments from the north Norwegian lakes and the lakes on Svalbard Archipelago, the concentration was ranging from 0.7 to 35.4 ng/g dw. The geographical distribution and possibility of geographic gradients of the summation operator PCB is discussed. The PCB composition is further analyzed by statistical methods to indicate possible presence and contribution of 10 various technical PCB mixtures (Chlorphens, Kanechlors, Arochlors, Sovols) in the samples.


Subject(s)
Environmental Pollutants/analysis , Polychlorinated Biphenyls/analysis , Chromatography, Gas , Ecosystem , Environmental Monitoring , Geography , Geologic Sediments/chemistry , Norway , Russia
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