[Comparative studies of microbial strains used in biotechnology for the elaboration of biosafety standards].

Comparative studies of different microbial strains used in biotechnology as potentially hazardous for human health agents demonstrated their ability to cause adverse effects such as toxicity, immunotropic action, sensitization, and alteration of normal intestinal microflora in rats. It was shown that certain microscopic fungi of genera Aspergillus, Penicillum, and Candida as well as some gram-negative bacteria can affect the immune system and disturb the balance of microflora in rat intestines. Actinomycetes were found to produce minimal adverse effects. These observations can be used to elaborate hygienic safety standards for the work with industrial microorganisms and thereby reduce or minimize the risk of occupational infection and immune disorders.

[Problems and perspectives in the hygienic regulation of biotechnological strains of microorganisms].

The state-of-the-art of hygienic standardization of biotechnological strains of microorganisms is considered. The last century's investigations accumulated abundant experimental data on the estimation of the adverse effect of the strains, formulated main guidelines for evaluating the negative activity of producing strains, and proposed a schematic diagram for toxicological and hygienic investigations of new biotechnological strains. Further studies made it possible to elaborate their human hazard classification, to improve study programs, to substantiate a priority list, and to develop approaches to assessing the occupational microbiological risk.

[An in-vitro system study of the immunomodulating activity of taktivin in atopic dermatitis]. / Izuchenie v sisteme in vitro immunomoduliruiushchei aktivnosti taktivina pri atopicheskom dermatite.

In vitro effect of tactivin on E-rosette forming capacity of peripheral blood T lymphocytes of atopic dermatitis patients permits more accurate diagnosis of immunodeficiency degree, evaluation of the relations between T-cell immunity affection and immunomodulation results. Individual sensitivity of ERF cells to tactivin in vitro may be utilized for selection of patients in need for immunocorrection and the latter substantiation.

[Quantitative and functional evaluation of immunoregulating cells and natural killers in patients with aplastic anemia]. / Kolichestvennaia i funktsionalnaia otsenka immunoreguliatornykh kletok i estestvennykh killerov u bol'nykh aplasticheskoi anemiei.

Cell-mediated immunity was studied in 11 patients with idiopathic aplastic anemia according to several parameters at a time. Analysis of the data obtained draws attention to the pronounced relative lymphocytosis, disordered balance of the immunoregulatory subpopulations of T lymphocytes (T mu and T gamma) associated with an appreciable increase in the number of cytotoxic T suppressor cells. The lowering of spontaneous and optimal Con A dose-induced production of leukocyte migration inhibition factor and deficiency of the activity of normal killers can be determined by potentiation of the suppressor activity of T lymphocytes or by the influence of factors produced by T suppressors. The goal-oriented correction of the high suppressor activity of T cells may appear promising in the complex of therapeutic measures used in the management of the patients' population with idiopathic aplastic anemia.

[Role of immunoregulatory cells and natural killers in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis]. / Rol' immunoreguliatornykh kletok i estestvennykh killerov v patogeneze rasseiannogo skleroza.

Simultaneous investigations of the immunoregulatory cells and the natural killers were carried out in patients with different stages of multiple sclerosis in an attempt to determine a relationship between these organisms and the clinical stage of the disease. The quantities of E- and EAC-RFC in patients of all groups were within normal. The amount of T gamma-cells was decreased in the progressive phase of the disease and was significantly higher than normal during remission. The activity of the natural killers in the progressive phase of disease did not differ from control but was significantly depressed during remission with all effector/target ratios. The activity of the natural killers and the amount of T gamma-cells were found to be reversely correlated both in the progressive and remission phases of the disease. A quantitative reduction in the 0 population of lymphocytes was accompanied by a sharp suppression of natural killer activity.

[Analysis of the effect of morphine on the reproductive capacity and immunological status of mice]. / Analiz deistviia morfina na reproduktivnuiu sposobnost' i immunologicheskii status myshei.

Embryogenesis process is disturbed under the action of prolonged morphine administration to CBA mice. Simultaneously a decrease in the level of antibody-synthesizing cells and a significant reduction in the cooperating interaction of T and B lymphocytes in response to the injection of sheep red blood cells are noted. At the same time stimulation of bone marrow cells and specific sensitization of MIF-inducers to the antigen from the brain of morphinized mice are revealed.