Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 7 de 7
Filter
Add more filters










Database
Language
Publication year range
1.
Food Chem Toxicol ; 134: 110815, 2019 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31520668

ABSTRACT

Genotoxicity of B. officinalis, G. officinalis, V. luteum and V. hirundinaria extracts, which demonstrated strong antioxidant capacity, was tested using chromosome aberration, sister chromatid exchange (SCE), cytokinesis-block micronucleus and alkaline single-cell gel electrophoresis (comet) assays in human lymphocytes in vitro and Ames Salmonella/microsome test. All tested extracts were not mutagenic in S. typhimurium strains TA98 and TA100 with and without metabolic activation and did not induce chromosome aberrations in human lymphocytes in vitro. Extract from G. officinalis was the only one, which induced significant increase in micronuclei, indicating possible aneugenic effect. All investigated plant extracts induced DNA damage evaluated by the comet assay, while B. officinalis and V. luteum extracts induced slight increase in SCE values. The determined variation in response might be due to the plant extract tested and donor susceptibility.


Subject(s)
Lamiales/chemistry , Mutagens/toxicity , Plant Extracts/toxicity , Stachys/chemistry , Vincetoxicum/chemistry , Comet Assay , Humans , Lymphocytes/drug effects , Micronucleus Tests , Salmonella typhimurium/genetics
2.
Food Chem Toxicol ; 113: 303-313, 2018 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29269060

ABSTRACT

The species of Agrimonia and Filipendula have been traditionally used in folk medicine as anti-inflammatory herbs. This study extends the knowledge on bioactivities of F. palmata, A. eupatoria, A. procera, F. ulmaria and F. vulgaris by comprehensive characterization of their methanolic extracts. Antioxidant properties of extracts were evaluated by DPPH• (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), ABTS•+ 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) scavenging and oxygen radical absorbance capacities (ORAC). Genotoxicity of extracts was tested using alkaline single-cell gel electrophoresis (comet) and cytokinesis-block micronucleus assays in human lymphocytes in vitro and the Ames Salmonella/microsome test. All investigated Agrimonia and Filipendula extracts possessed strong antioxidant activity, which was comparable with that of a standard antioxidant trolox (6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid). Thirty five compounds belonging to the classes of phenolic acids, flavonoids, phenylpropanoids and ellagitanins were detected by ultra-performance liquid chromatography - mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS). Agrimonia and Filipendula extracts induced an increase in a DNA damage in the comet assay expressed as mean percentage of DNA in the comet tail. However, these extracts did not produce reverse mutation in bacterial cells in the Ames test and were not genotoxic in the micronucleus test. However, a slight though significant decrease of nuclear division index values was determined. In general, this study proved that Agrimonia and Filipendula species are a good source of bioactive compounds; their extracts may be classified as non-mutagenic and non-clastogenic in vitro under conditions of the current study. Consequently, the plants may be a promising material for nutraceuticals and natural medicines.


Subject(s)
Agrimonia/chemistry , Antioxidants/pharmacology , DNA Damage , Filipendula/chemistry , Lymphocytes/drug effects , Microsomes/drug effects , Mutagenicity Tests , Mutagens/pharmacology , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Salmonella typhimurium/genetics , Adult , Animals , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Species Specificity , Tandem Mass Spectrometry , Young Adult
3.
Int J Med Mushrooms ; 19(11): 967-980, 2017.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29345559

ABSTRACT

Antioxidant and genotoxic properties of hispidin isolated from the Phaeolus schweinitzii mushroom were evaluated with various assays. Hispidin demonstrated strong free radical scavenging, oxygen radical absorbance capacity, and ferric-reducing antioxidant power; in all applied assays, hispidin exhibited antioxidant capacity similar to or higher than that of the reference antioxidant Trolox. Genotoxic activity of hispidin was assessed using different end points: chromosome aberrations, micronuclei, sister chromatid exchanges, and primary DNA damage (detected by the comet assay) in human lymphocytes in vitro, and gene mutations in the Salmonella/microsome test. Hispidin did not increase the frequency of chromosome aberrations, micronuclei, or primary DNA damage in human lymphocytes in vitro and did not produce reverse mutation in bacterial cells. However, we identified in human lymphocytes a statistically significant dose-dependent increase in sister chromatid exchange frequency and a decrease in replication index and nuclear division index values.


Subject(s)
Antioxidants/metabolism , Mutagens/metabolism , Polyporales/chemistry , Pyrones/metabolism , Antioxidants/isolation & purification , Cells, Cultured , Humans , Lymphocytes/drug effects , Mutagens/isolation & purification , Pyrones/isolation & purification , Salmonella/drug effects
4.
Oncotarget ; 7(10): 10788-802, 2016 Mar 08.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26910916

ABSTRACT

Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs) hold promise for treating incurable diseases and repairing of damaged tissues. However, hBM-MSCs face the disadvantages of painful invasive isolation and limited cell numbers. In this study we assessed characteristics of MSCs isolated from residual human bone marrow transplantation material and expanded to clinically relevant numbers at passages 3-4 and 6-7. Results indicated that early passage hBM-MSCs are genomically stable and retain identity and high proliferation capacity. Despite the chromosomal stability, the cells became senescent at late passages, paralleling the slower proliferation, altered morphology and immunophenotype. By qRT-PCR array profiling, we revealed 13 genes and 33 miRNAs significantly differentially expressed in late passage cells, among which 8 genes and 30 miRNAs emerged as potential novel biomarkers of hBM-MSC aging. Functional analysis of genes with altered expression showed strong association with biological processes causing cellular senescence. Altogether, this study revives hBM as convenient source for cellular therapy. Potential novel markers provide new details for better understanding the hBM-MSC senescence mechanisms, contributing to basic science, facilitating the development of cellular therapy quality control, and providing new clues for human disease processes since senescence phenotype of the hematological patient hBM-MSCs only very recently has been revealed.


Subject(s)
Bone Marrow Cells/physiology , Mesenchymal Stem Cells/physiology , Adult , Bone Marrow Cells/cytology , Bone Marrow Cells/metabolism , Cell Differentiation/physiology , Cell Proliferation/physiology , Cells, Cultured , Cellular Senescence/physiology , Female , Genomic Instability , Humans , Immunophenotyping , Male , Mesenchymal Stem Cells/cytology , Mesenchymal Stem Cells/metabolism , Young Adult
5.
J Occup Environ Hyg ; 10(11): 609-21, 2013.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24116666

ABSTRACT

Perchloroethylene (PCE) is the main solvent used in the dry cleaning industry worldwide. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the genotoxic potential of occupational exposure to PCE in dry cleaning workers. The study was carried out in 59 volunteers (30 workers, 29 controls). The genotoxic effect was evaluated by analyzing chromosome aberrations (CAs), and micronuclei (MN) and DNA damage (assessed by the comet assay) in peripheral blood lymphocytes. Environmental monitoring of exposure was carried out on personal breathing zone air samples collected during two consecutive working days by measuring the concentration of PCE air levels. The mean PCE concentration in workplace air of dry cleaning workers was 31.40 mg/m(3). There were no significant differences in CA frequency between dry cleaning workers and the controls, but analysis showed a significant association of CA frequency with employment duration and frequency of exposure to PCE. The MN frequency and DNA damage detected by alkaline comet assay were significantly increased in dry cleaning workers compared to the controls. The results suggest that (a) chronic occupational exposure to dry cleaning solvents below permissible occupational exposure limit of 70 mg/m(3) (i.e., ~10.3 ppm) may lead to an increased risk of genetic damage among dry cleaning workers, and (b) CA, MN tests, and comet assay are useful to monitor populations exposed to low doses of PCE.


Subject(s)
Occupational Exposure/analysis , Tetrachloroethylene/analysis , Adult , Air Pollutants, Occupational/analysis , Chromosome Aberrations , Comet Assay , Cytogenetic Analysis , DNA Damage , Environmental Monitoring/methods , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Tetrachloroethylene/blood , Tetrachloroethylene/toxicity
6.
Molecules ; 18(4): 4419-36, 2013 Apr 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23591923

ABSTRACT

5,8-Dihydroxycoumarin (5,8-DHC) was isolated from aerial parts of sweet grass (Hierochloë odorata L.) and screened for antioxidant and genotoxic activities. A clear linear dependency of radical scavenging capacity in DPPH• and ABTS•+ assays was determined. 5,8-DHC was very efficient in retarding rapeseed oil oxidation (Oxipress test). TPC (total phenols content) and FRAP (the ability to reduce ferric ion to ferrous ion) assays revealed a somewhat lower antioxidant capacity of 5,8-DHC as compared with gallic acid. Genotoxic activity was tested using different genetic end-points: chromosome aberrations (CAs) and micronuclei (MN) in Wistar rat bone marrow in vivo, CAs and sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) in human lymphocytes in vitro, and somatic mutations and recombination in Drosophila melanogaster wing cells in vivo. 5,8-DHC did not increase frequency of CAs in rat bone marrow cells, but induced a significant increase of MN. It was slightly mutagenic in the Drosophila melanogaster assay after 120 h of treatment, but not after 48 h of treatment. 5,8-DHC induced both CAs and SCEs in vitro in human lymphocytes in a clear dose-dependent manner. Thus, 5,8-DHC may be classified as weakly genotoxic both in vivo and in vitro.


Subject(s)
Antioxidants/pharmacology , Coumarins/pharmacology , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Animals , Antioxidants/chemistry , Bone Marrow Cells/drug effects , Chromosome Aberrations/drug effects , Coumarins/chemistry , DNA Damage/drug effects , Drosophila melanogaster , Humans , Lymphocytes/drug effects , Male , Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective/drug effects , Micronucleus Tests , Middle Aged , Mutagens , Plant Extracts/chemistry , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Sister Chromatid Exchange/drug effects
7.
Acta Biochim Pol ; 57(2): 157-63, 2010.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20454706

ABSTRACT

Strong radical-scavenging activity of Geranium macrorrhizum extracts isolated by using various solvent systems has been reported previously. This study aimed at expanding the knowledge on the bioactivities of antioxidatively active G. macrorrhizum butanol fraction, which was isolated from ethanolic extract (EB), and water fraction, which was isolated from water extract (WW) by measuring their singlet oxygen scavenging properties, as well as preliminary assessment of cytotoxicity and genotoxicity toward mammalian cells. The cytotoxicity (necrosis induction) of the extracts in bovine leukemia virus-transformed lamb kidney fibroblasts (line FLK) was partly prevented by antioxidants and stimulated by the prooxidant BCNU (N,N'-bis(2-chloroethyl)-N-nitrosourea). This indicates that the cytotoxicity of G. macrorrhizum extracts is at least partly attributed to their prooxidant action, presumably due to the formation of quinoidal products of their (auto)oxidation. The latter was evidenced by the nature of the peroxidase-catalyzed oxidation products, which supported DT-diaphorase-catalyzed oxidation of NADPH and participated in conjugation reactions with reduced glutathione. The genotoxic properties were studied using chromosome aberration (CA) and sister chromatid exchange (SCE) tests in human lymphocytes in vitro and Drosophila melanogaster somatic mutation and recombination test (SMART) in vivo. In the CA test, only the highest doses of both fractions significantly increased chromosome aberration frequency. In the SCE test, both fractions induced SCEs in a clear dose-dependent manner. G. macrorrhizum extracts were not genotoxic in the SMART test in vivo. Our data indicate that in spite of the possible beneficial (antioxidant) effects of Geranium extracts, the possibilities of their use as ingredients of functional foods and/or food supplements should be further examined due to their cyto- and genotoxic effects resulting mainly from the action of quercetin-derived components abundant in the extracts.


Subject(s)
Erythrocytes/drug effects , Fibroblasts/drug effects , Free Radical Scavengers/antagonists & inhibitors , Geranium/chemistry , Lymphocytes/drug effects , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Singlet Oxygen/metabolism , Animals , Cell Line , Cells, Cultured , Chromosome Aberrations/drug effects , Drosophila/drug effects , Humans , Liver/enzymology , Singlet Oxygen/antagonists & inhibitors
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL
...