Adenoviruses from human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals, including two strains that represent new candidate serotypes Ad50 and Ad51 of species B1 and D, respectively.

Adenovirus (Ad) isolates from a large number of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals were compared serologically and genetically with Ad isolates from immunocompetent patients. Between 1982 and 1994, stool and urine samples from 137 subjects with AIDS hospitalized in The Netherlands yielded 143 Ad strains. Forty additional Ad strains were obtained from 35 HIV-positive patients in Manchester, United Kingdom, in 1992 and 1993. Of these 183 HIV-associated Ad strains, 84% belonged to species D and 3% belonged to species C. These strains were compared with 2,301 Ad strains collected during general diagnostic examinations in The Netherlands from 1973 to 1992. Of the latter strains, 5% belonged to species D and 49% belonged to species C. Two of the Ads isolated from fecal specimens of AIDS patients represent new serotypes: candidate Ad serotype 50 (prototype strain, Wan) of subspecies B1 and candidate Ad serotype 51 (prototype strain, Bom) of species D. The DNA restriction enzyme patterns of strains Wan and Bom differed from the patterns of all established prototypes.

[Cytomegalovirus infection acquired in The Netherlands and in the tropics; a retrospective study in previously healthy adults]. / Cytomegalovirusinfectie verkregen in Nederland en in de tropen; een retrospectief onderzoek bij tevoren gezonde volwassenen.

Clinical and laboratory data of 44, previously healthy patients with cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections were analysed in a retrospective study (1975-1986). Eighteen (41%) were probably infected in the (sub)tropics. 33 (75%) patients showed symptoms and signs of CMV-mononucleosis: fever, malaise, absolute and relative lymphocytosis with atypical lymphocytes and liver function disturbance without jaundice. Enlargement of lymph-nodes was present in only 20% of the patients, distinct from mononucleosis caused by the Epstein-Barr virus. The clinical picture caused by CMV-infection in the tropics was not different from autochthonous CMV-infections.

Cytomegalo and herpes simplex virus infections in renal transplant recipients.

In a prospective study data were obtained from renal transplant recipients with respect to the incidence and source of infections by CMV and HSV. The incidence of infections with CMV and HSV appeared to be related to the immune suppression regimen used. Especially the high incidence of reinfection with CMV (88.0%) and HSV (81.0) at high prednisolone dosage compared to the lower incidence (CMV 54.5%, HSV 44.1%) at low prednisolone dosage was apparent. Even in very moderate immune suppressed patients infections occurred in at least 40% of them. These infections are known to be potentially harmful to the recipient or to the graft. CMV can be transmitted by the graft in both seronegative and seropositive recipients as demonstrated by restriction enzyme analysis. Therefore CMV related disease has to be considered in all recipients with grafts from seropositive donors. For CMV infection the diagnostic value of serology (CF test) appeared high, while for the diagnosis of HSV infection virus-isolation was of more value.