[Atherogenic potential of blood serum in patients with type I diabetes mellitus]. / Aterogennyi potentsial syvorotki krovi bol'nykh sakharnym diabetom I tipa.

The task of this research was to study exogenous insulin effect on blood serum atherogenic potential in patients with type I diabetes mellitus. Under study were relationship between blood serum atherogenic potential in diabetics and daily insulin dose and duration of therapy, as well as exogenous insulin effect on the major atherosclerotic manifestations in tissue cultures, such as intracellular cholesterol content in cultured cells and labeled thymidine incorporation in cellular nuclei DNA. Blood serum atherogenicity did not correlate with insulin dose and duration of insulin therapy both in adult patients and children. Insulin prescription to newly detected patients with type I condition did not influence blood serum atherogenic potential. Exogenic insulin did not influence the major atherosclerotic manifestations at the cellular level, namely, on intracellular cholesterol content in cultured cells and these cells proliferative activity; it had no influence on blood serum atherogenic potential of the patients with type I condition.

[Effect of squid liver fat and krill meat on blood serum atherogenicity in patients with type I diabetes mellitus]. / Vliianie zhira pecheni kal'mara i miasa krilia na aterogennost' syvorotki krovi bol'nykh sakharnym diabetom I tipa.

Study of the effects of squid liver fat and krill meat on blood serum atherogenic characteristics in patients with type I diabetes has shown that these foodstuffs had a certain atherogenic effect, for their consumption was associated with a marked reduction of blood serum atherogenicity. The mechanism of this effect is still to be researched.

[Atherogenic properties of blood serum in children with type I diabetes mellitus]. / Aterogennye svoistva syvorotok krovi detei, bol'nykh sakharnym diabetom I tipa.

Blood serum atherogenicity was studied in children suffering from type I diabetes mellitus, as was the relationship between the serum atherogenicity and a number of clinical biochemical parameters. Of the 34 serum samples from children with diabetes 16 did not influence the intracellular cholesterol levels, the rest 18 were found atherogenic, that is, they increased the total cholesterol levels in the cells by 50-70%. Blood serum atherogenicity in all the examinees and in groups A and B separately was unrelated to the patients' age, insulin dose, fructosamine levels, or the disease standing. A positive correlation was detected between the patients' ages and the insulin dose.

[State of myocardial perfusion in patients with primary hypothyroidism as evidenced by myocardial Tl-201 scintigraphy]. / Sostoianie perfuzii miokarda u bol'nykh pervichnym gipotireozom po dannym stsintigrafii miokarda s 201 Tl.

To study the myocardial perfusion in primary hypothyroidism accompanied by cardiac pain feelings, a total of 21 patients aged 30-60 years were examined by using resting 201Tl myocardial scintigraphy and in combination with bicycle ergometric testing. At rest all the patients showed impaired myocardial perfusion. A decrease in 201Tl accumulation, which corresponded to the areas of impaired perfusion, was observed in 54% of segments. A severe impairment of myocardial 201Tl washout was recorded in all the patients. During exercise 201Tl myocardial scintigraphy, steady-state myocardial perfusion impairments with normal washout were recorded in most patients. Areas of transient myocardial ischemia were revealed in 3 patients during scintigraphy in combination with bicycle ergometric testing. The findings suggest that patients with primary hypothyroidism have myocardial perfusion impairments which are likely to be reflected by dystrophic processes. Along with these abnormalities, exercise myocardial scintigraphy makes it possible to detect transient perfusion alterations in some patients, which indicates that they have myocardial ischemia.

[The content of basic apoproteins A1 and B and lipids in the blood serum of women with type-I and -II diabetes mellitus and ischemic heart disease]. / Soderzhanie osnovnykh apobelkov A1 iB i lipidov v syvorotke krovi u zhenshchin s I i II tipami sakharnogo diabeta i ishemicheskoi bolezn'iu serdtsa.

The paper is concerned with quantitative characterization of lipoprotein (LP) spectrum, including the determination of the content of apoproteins A1 and B, in 69 women aged 40 to 59 with normal body mass, suffering from types I and II diabetes mellitus in the state of compensation of carbohydrate metabolism, with CHD and without signs of it, using a method of quantitative rocket immunoelectrophoresis. Atherogenic dyslipoproteinemia was observed in the presence of CHD in women with types I and II diabetes mellitus. In patients without clinical signs of CHD (in type I diabetes mellitus) serum atherogenic shifts were absent whereas in type II in spite of the absence of clinical signs of CHD disorders in the content and cholesterol transport function of HDLP particles were found.

[Effect of captopril on insulin secretion and blood glucose in patients with arterial hypertension]. / Vliianie kaptoprila na sekretsiiu insulina i glikemiiu u bol'nykh arterial'noi gipertoniei.

In 16 hypertensive patients levels of glucose, immunoreactive insulin and C-peptide were studied during oral glucose tolerance test before and 10 days after treatment with captopril. The analysis of the results obtained showed that captopril had no effect on carbohydrate metabolism which is advantageous for treatment of hypertensive patients.

[Prevalence of dyslipoproteinemias among diabetes mellitus patients]. / Rasprostranennost' dislipoproteidemii sredi bol'nykh sakahrnym diabetom.

The blood levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol were determined in 330 patients with Type I and II diabetes mellitus (DM) and in 400 persons with the normal glucose tolerance test (GTT). On a curve of the distribution of values of total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol the upper 10% values were regarded as hypercholesterinemia (HCS) and hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) and the lower 10% values as hypo-alpha-cholesterinemia (hypo-alpha-CS). The prevalence of dyslipoproteinemia was shown to be much higher in the DM patients than in the healthy persons resulting from a more frequent development of HCS, HTG and hypo-alpha-CS in the patients. Some peculiarities of the prevalence of dyslipoproteinemia with relation to a DM type were revealed. It was shown that in Type I DM the prevalence of HCS and HTG was much higher than that in the persons with the normal GTT whereas the frequency of hypo-alpha-CS in both groups was the same. In patients with Type II DM as compared to the control group not only HCS and HTG but also hypo-alpha-CS were much more frequent. Moreover, the prevalence of HTG and hypo-alpha-CS in Type II DM was much higher than in Type I DM. Since dyslipoproteinemias were a risk factor in the development of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease, one might assume that their greater prevalence among DM patients would determine patients' greater predisposition to atherosclerosis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

[Quantitative characterization of the main lipid and apoprotein components of plasma lipoproteins in men with types I and II diabetes mellitus with and without coronary heart disease]. / Kolichestvennaia kharakteristika osnovnykh lipidnykh i apobelkovykh komponentov lipoproteinov plazmy u muzhchin, stradauyshchikh sakharnym diabetom I and II tipov, s ishemicheskoi bolezn'iu serdtsa i bez nee.

The paper is devoted to the characterization of the spectrum of lipoproteins (LP) including the determination of the content of apoproteins AI and B by quantitative "rocket" immunoelectrophoresis in 75 male patients aged 40 to 59 with normal body mass, with types I and II diabetes mellitus, in the state of compensation of carbohydrate metabolism, with and without signs of coronary heart disease. Sixty healthy men were controls. It was shown that in diabetic (types I and II) patients with CHD changes in LP spectrum values were similar to those in CHD patients without diabetes. In patients with type I diabetes without clinical signs of CHD, LP spectrum values including the content of apo-AI, apo-B and the ratio of apoB/apo-AI did not differ from those of the controls. Changes in LP-containing apo-AI expressed not only in the reduction of the total content of CH-HDIP but also in change of the composition of HDLP particles, were found in diabetic (type II) patients without clinical signs of CHD.

[The HLA system in diabetes mellitus]. / Agenty sistemy HLA pri sakharnom diabete.

The frequency of HLA antigens incidence with due consideration for diabetes type and age of the patient by the disease onset was studied and the index of the relative risk of diabetes development was calculated. In patients with type I diabetes mellitus, a significant increase of B18 antigen incidence and decrease of B7 antigen incidence were observed, as compared to the controls. No association with HLA antigens were detected in type II diabetes. No differences in HLA antigen incidence in type I diabetes mellitus patients who fell ill before 30 and those who fell ill after 30 years of age were recorded. The index of relative risk of the disease development in patients with type I diabetes is higher in the presence of B18 and lower in the presence of B7 antigens.

[HDL cholesterol lipoprotein levels and the atherogenicity coefficient in males with diabetes mellitus and ischemic heart disease]. / Uroven' kholesterina lipoproteidov vysokoi plotnosti i koéfficient aterogennosti u muzhchin s sakharnym diabetom i ishemicheskoi bolezn'iu serdtsa.

A hundred males aged 40-69 years receiving treatment at the Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Hormone Chemistry for type I and II diabetes mellitus were examined. Thirty-eight patients had coronary heart disease (CHD). The diagnosis of CHD was based on the data of the WHO Cardiological Questionnaire and the presence of ECG changes corresponding to the categories of the Minnesota Code 1-1,2,7; 4-1,2 and 5-1,2 (without 3-1,3). The blood levels of total cholesterol (CS), triglycerides (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC) and the atherogenicity coefficient (AC) were determined in all patients. The results of the study showed that males with diabetes mellitus irrespective of its type or the presence of CHD had significantly higher mean values of total CS, TG and AC than in control. The mean levels of HDLC in males with type I diabetes mellitus without CHD did not differ from those in normal subjects whereas the level of HDLC in patients with type II diabetes mellitus was lowered. The patients with CHD showed a significant decrease in HDLC in both type I and II diabetes. The highest mean values of TG, AC and the lowest levels of HDLC were characteristic of the males with type II diabetes mellitus and CHD.

[Interrelation of alpha-cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood of diabetic patients with and without ischemic heart disease]. / Vzaimosviaz' al'fa-kholesterina i triglitseridov v krovi u bol'nykh sakharnym diabetom s ishemicheskoi bolezn'iu serdtsa i bez nee.

The blood content of total cholesterol and alpha-cholesterol, triglycerides and fasting glucose level were measured in 213 patients suffering from types I and II diabetes mellitus with and without coronary heart disease (CHD) and in 141 subjects with abnormal glucose tolerance test. The ratio of alpha-cholesterol level to these indicators and to the body mass was calculated. It was established that there is a negative correlation between the content of alpha-cholesterol and the level of triglycerides in patients aged 30-45 years with type I diabetes mellitus and in patients aged 45-65 years with type II diabetes mellitus with and without CHD regardless of the body mass. No such correlation was found in patients aged 45-65 years suffering from diabetes mellitus with and without CHD. Negative correlation between the content of alpha-cholesterol and absolute body mass was discovered only in subjects with abnormal glucose tolerance test and in patients aged 30-45 years with type I diabetes mellitus. None of the groups under examination showed any correlation between the content of alpha-cholesterol and relative body mass and the level of total cholesterol.

[Clinical significance of the blood level of alpha-cholesterol in diabetes mellitus]. / Klinicheskoe znachenia soderzhaniia v krovi al'fa-kholesterina u bol'nykh sakharynm diabetom.

The total and alpha-cholesterol content, as well as the triglyceride concentration were determined in 184 patients, suffering from diabetes mellitus of the I and II types, with or without ischemic heart disease (IHD) and in 96 persons with the disordered glucose tolerance test. It was stated that the alpha-cholesterol level in diabetics with the II type of the disease is lower than that in the controls and patients with the I type of diabetes mellitus. In males and females with the II type of diabetes mellitus the alpha-cholesterol level is lower than that of the controls. In males with the I type of the disease its concentration is higher and in females is the same as in the controls. In the presence of IHD the alpha-cholesterol level is lower comparatively to that of the controls (males and females) with diabetes mellitus of the II type and in females with the I type. In males with the II diabetes type and IHD the alpha-cholesterol level is lower than that of the males with the I type and IHD. In females there are no significant differences. The difference in the alpha-cholesterol content, depending on the patient's sex, is seen only in persons with diabetes mellitus of the II type, aged 45 to 65 years, and in patients with the I type, aged 30 to 45 years. Sex differences in the triglyceride content of patients with diabetes mellitus of thek I and II types mere not observed, their level being higher than that of the controls.

[Hyperlipoproteinemias in diabetes mellitus]. / Giperlipoproteinemii pri sakharnom diabete.

Hyperlipoproteinemia (HLP) incidence and its character were studied in 1343 patients with diabetes mellitus, depending on age, diabetes type and carbohydrate metabolism. It was found that HLP is more often observed in patients over 35 years as compared to the one in children and juveniles (in 51 and 30% of cases, respectively). The IV type of HLP is prevalent, regardless of age, diabetes type and carbohydrate metabolism. An increased HLP incidence is seen in patients of any age with the I diabetes type during carbohydrate metabolism decompensation. Such a dependence is not observed in patients with the II type of the disease.

[Hyperlipoproteinemia in diabetes mellitus]. / O giperlipoproteinemii pri sakharnom diabete.

Lipid metabolism indices were studied in 100 patients with diabetes mellitus of different severity and compensation by means of disk electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel. Hyperlipoproteinemia, more often of the IV type, was revealed in 51% of patients. In decompensated diabetes, mainly types IV and V were found out, which may be regarded as secondary (depending on carbohydrate metabolism disorder) hyperlipoproteinemia. In compensated diabetes, type IV hyperlipoproteinemia was seen, which appears to be primary, not depending on carbohydrate metabolism damage.

[Treatment of diabetes mellitus with long-acting biguanides]. / Opyt terapii sakharnogo diabeta biguanidami prodlennogo deistviia

The paper discusses of the results of treatment with preparations of phenylethylbiguanide (dibotin, meltrol, dipar, dibophen-retard), of butylbiguanide (silubin-retard, buforming-retard) and of dimethyl-biguanide (glucophage-retard). All these preparations were of prolonged action. The treatment was carried out in 242 patients. The saccharolytic action of the active agent contained in one tablet of each type of biguanide was approximately the same. Biguanides of prolonged action were highly effective in obese patients with diabetes mellitus of moderate severity. The best results were obtained in complex treatment with biguanides of prolonged action together with sulfonylurea preparations of the second generation. There were noted almost no toxic reactions from the use of biguanides up to 2 tablets a day.