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1.
Vopr Virusol ; 53(5): 4-8, 2008.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19069785

ABSTRACT

The epizootic etiologically associated with highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 genotype 2.3.2 that is new for Russia among wild and domestic birds in the south of the Primorye Territory during spring migration in April 2008 has been decoded. About 25% of the wild birds of a water complex, which include European teals (Anas crecca), mallard ducks (Anas platyrhynchos), great-crested grebes (Podiceps cristatus), are involved in viral circulation in the area of the Suifun-Khankai plain. Chicken embryos and the cell lines MDCK, SPEV, BHK-21, SW-13 were used to isolate 3 strains from recently deceased hens (A/chicken/Primorje/1/08, A/chicken/Primorje/11/08, and A/chicken/Primorje/12/08) and one strain from a European teal (A/Anas crecca/Primorje/8/08). The strains were deposited in the State Collection of Viruses of the Russian Federation, D. I. Ivanovsky Research Institute of Virology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences. The nucleotide sequences of the full-sized genomes of A/chicken/Primorje/1/08 and A/Anas crecca/Primorje/8/08 were sent to the International databank GenBank. The strains from domestic and wild birds were shown to be identical. The isolated strains are most close to the strains Alchicken/Viet Nam/10/05, A/chicken/Guangdong/178/04, and A/duck/Viet Nam/12/05. Molecular genetic analysis has indicated that the strains isolated are susceptible to rimantadine and ozeltamivir and less adapted to mammalian cells (particularly, they contain E627 in RV2, which agrees with the biological properties of these strains in vitro). Penetration of the newly isolated virus into the Far East ecosystem provides in the foreseeable future a way for infecting the birds wintering in America and Australia in the nesting places, with further carriage of viral populations there in the period of autumn migrations.


Subject(s)
Disease Outbreaks , Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype/classification , Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype/genetics , Influenza in Birds/epidemiology , Influenza in Birds/virology , Animal Migration , Animals , Antiviral Agents/pharmacology , Birds/virology , Chickens/virology , Genome, Viral , Genotype , Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype/drug effects , Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype/isolation & purification , Molecular Sequence Data , Oseltamivir/pharmacology , Phylogeny , Rimantadine/pharmacology , Siberia/epidemiology
2.
Vopr Virusol ; 53(2): 14-9, 2008.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18450104

ABSTRACT

Isolation, followed by the sequencing the full-size genome of strains of A/chicken/Krasnodarl300/07 and A/Cygnus cygnus/Krasnodar/329/07, has shown that they belong to genotype 2.2 (Qinghai-Siberian). The strains were deposited at the State Virus Collection of the Russian Federation and nucleotide consequences were at the International databank GenBank. The strains contained 10 unique amino acid replacements in reference to the consensus of the Qinghai-Siberian genotype in the PB2, PA, HA, NA, and NS1, which suggests that regional variants may form in different parts of an area.


Subject(s)
Animals, Wild/virology , Birds/virology , Disease Outbreaks/veterinary , Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype/classification , Influenza in Birds/epidemiology , Influenza in Birds/virology , Amino Acid Substitution , Animals , Cell Line , Chick Embryo , Dogs , Genetic Variation , Genome, Viral , Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype/genetics , Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype/isolation & purification , Molecular Sequence Data , Phylogeny , Poultry/virology , Russia/epidemiology , Swine , Viral Proteins/genetics , Zoonoses
3.
Vopr Virusol ; 52(6): 40-7, 2007.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18050717

ABSTRACT

Among agricultural birds in the near-Moscow Region (February 2007), local epizootics caused by the highly pathogenic avian influenza A/H5N1 virus seem to be of unintended manual origin. Such a situation may be considered to be model when the source of inoculation is elucidated in cases of potentially possible acts of bioterrorism. Molecular genetic analysis of isolated A/chicken/Moscow/2/2007 strain established its genetic similarity with the highly pathogenic strains detected in the Black-and-Caspian Sea region in 2006. At the same time, comparison of nucleotide sequences of the strain A/chicken/Moscow/2/2007 with the strains of Qinghai-Siberian genotype (CSG) for which the sequences of full-sized genomes are known in the international databases revealed a significant distinction of the near-Moscow strain from the earlier known analogues. The uniqueness of the primary structure of the PB1 gene is shown. The paper discusses the functional value of amino acid substitutions in the proteins of the strain A/chicken/Moscow/2/2007 and in other variants of CSG of the subtype H5N1.


Subject(s)
Disease Outbreaks , Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype/genetics , Influenza in Birds/epidemiology , Influenza in Birds/virology , Zoonoses/virology , Amino Acid Substitution , Animals , Chick Embryo , Cricetinae , Dogs , Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype/classification , Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype/isolation & purification , Phylogeny , Poultry/virology , Russia/epidemiology , Sequence Homology , Viral Proteins/genetics
4.
Vopr Virusol ; 51(4): 19-23, 2006.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16929594

ABSTRACT

The paper gives the results of the 2003-2004 examinations of 104 wild birds belonging to land tree-brush complexes from the Baraba forest-steppe and Kulunda steppe for the detection and genotyping West Nile virus (WNV). ELISA and RT-PCR were used to show that in the forest-steppe and steppe zones of the south of Western Siberia, WNV circulates among both migrating and settled birds. An analysis of the nucleotide sequence of a protein E gene fragment showed the circulation of WNV genotype Ia in the study birds. A number of revealed amino acid substitutions in surface glycoprotein E are unique for the 2003-2004 Western-Siberian WNV variants and absent in the 2002 Western-Siberian variants, which suggests that there are regional features of the evolution of WNV genotype Ia.


Subject(s)
Animals, Wild/virology , Birds/virology , West Nile virus/genetics , Amino Acid Sequence , Animals , Animals, Wild/classification , Antigens, Viral/genetics , Ecosystem , Evolution, Molecular , Molecular Sequence Data , Phylogeny , Sequence Alignment , Siberia , Species Specificity , Trees , Viral Envelope Proteins/genetics , West Nile virus/isolation & purification
5.
Vopr Virusol ; 51(4): 37-41, 2006.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16929597

ABSTRACT

The paper presents the results of molecular virological monitoring of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) by reverse-polymerase chain reaction (followed by sequence of F-gene fragment 374 p.n.) and chick embryo isolation of samples from the avian cloacal swabs collected in the south of the Primorye Territory in September-October 2001-2004. It shows that before 2004, there were only slightly pathogenic variants of NDV of genotype 1 in this region and in 2004 they were added by highly pathogenic variants of subtypes 3a and 5b. The impact of landscaping features of the south of the Primorye Territory on the environment of NDV is discussed.


Subject(s)
Animals, Wild/virology , Birds/virology , Environmental Monitoring , Newcastle Disease/prevention & control , Newcastle disease virus/isolation & purification , Animals , Birds/classification , Chick Embryo , Cloaca/virology , Molecular Sequence Data , Newcastle disease virus/genetics , Phylogeny , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Seasons , Siberia , Species Specificity , Viral Fusion Proteins/genetics
6.
Vopr Virusol ; 51(3): 10-6, 2006.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16826750

ABSTRACT

Molecular virological studies of the field material collected in the epicenter of epizooty with high mortality among mute swans (Cygnus olor) in the area of the lower estuary of the Volga River (November 2005) could establish the etiological role of highly pathogenic influenza A (HPAI) virus of the subtype H5N1. Ten HPAI/H5N1 strains deposited at the State Collection of Viruses of the Russian Federation with the priority dated December 1, 2005 were isolated from the cloacal/tracheal swabs and viscera of sick and freshly died mute swans. Complete nucleotide sequences of all fragments of the genome of 6 strains have been deposited in the Gene Bank. The paper discusses the molecular genetic characteristics of isolated strains.


Subject(s)
Animals, Wild/virology , Birds/virology , Disease Outbreaks , Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype/isolation & purification , Influenza in Birds/epidemiology , Influenza in Birds/virology , Animals , Blood/virology , Cell Line , Cloaca/virology , Dogs , Genes, Viral , Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype/genetics , Molecular Sequence Data , Nucleocapsid Proteins , Nucleoproteins/genetics , Orthomyxoviridae/genetics , RNA-Binding Proteins/genetics , RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase/genetics , Russia/epidemiology , Swine , Trachea/virology , Viral Core Proteins/genetics , Viral Matrix Proteins/genetics , Viral Nonstructural Proteins/genetics , Viral Proteins/genetics , Viscera/virology
7.
Vopr Virusol ; 51(3): 32-7, 2006.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16826754

ABSTRACT

The paper presents the results of isolation of influenza A virus from 97 cloacal swabs of 11 species of aquatic and semiaquatic wild birds collected on the Chany Lake (the south of Western Siberia, Ob-Irtysh interarea). Six strains with subtypes H2 (2 strains), H3 (3 strains), and H5 (1 strain) were isolated from mallard ducks (Anas platyrhynchos). The total infection rate in the examined birds was 6.2% and that in the ducks was 9.7%. The paper deals with the phylogenetic analysis of hemagglutinin of genes of isolates and with the comparison of the obtained results with the 2002 data in the same region. Analysis of H5 strain hemagglutinin proteolytic site permits one to regard this strain as non-pathogenic.


Subject(s)
Birds/virology , Environmental Monitoring , Influenza A virus/isolation & purification , Influenza in Birds/prevention & control , Animals , Antigens, Viral/classification , Antigens, Viral/genetics , Chick Embryo , Cloaca/virology , Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus/classification , Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus/genetics , Influenza A virus/classification , Influenza A virus/genetics , Molecular Sequence Data , Phylogeny , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction , Siberia
8.
Vopr Virusol ; 51(6): 14-8, 2006.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17214076

ABSTRACT

Virological and molecular genetic studies of the field material collected in the epicenter of epizooty with high mortality rates among the wild birds on the coast of the Ubsu-Nur lake (Republic of Tyva, 51 degrees NL, 93 degrees EL, June 2006) revealed the etiological role of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1. Seven HPAI/H5N1 strains were isolated from the tracheal/cloacal swabs of clinically healthy, ill and recently dead great-crested grebes (Podiceps cristatus), cormorants (Phalacrocorax carbo), balt-coots (Fulica atra), and common terns (Sterna hirundo) collected on June 24, 2006, and incorporated to the RF State Collection of Viruses (with the July 3, 2006 priority). Full-length genome nucleotide sequences were incorporated to the GenBank (with the July 23, 2006 priority) (DQ852600-DQ852607). Comparative analysis of molecular genetic characteristics showed their belonging to the Qinghai-Siberian genotype. The strains were sensitive to rimantadine.


Subject(s)
Animals, Wild/virology , Birds/virology , Carrier State/veterinary , Disease Outbreaks/veterinary , Genome, Viral , Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype/classification , Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype/isolation & purification , Influenza in Birds/epidemiology , Influenza in Birds/virology , Zoonoses/epidemiology , Zoonoses/virology , Animals , Animals, Wild/classification , Birds/classification , Carrier State/epidemiology , Carrier State/virology , Cloaca/virology , Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype/genetics , Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype/pathogenicity , Molecular Sequence Data , Siberia/epidemiology , Species Specificity , Trachea/virology , Virulence
9.
Vopr Virusol ; 50(5): 9-15, 2005.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16250591

ABSTRACT

The laboratory verified cases of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) in the piedmont steppes of the North Caucasus (Malgobeksky District, Republic of Ingushetia) are first described. The source of the first infection was Ixodidae ticks; three subsequent sources were contacts with the bloody discharges from patients. CCHF virus genome was detected in the blood of the cattle from an epidemic focus and in the pools of the Ixodes ticks Haemaphysalis parva Neum., 1897 and Boophilus annulatus Say, 1821, taken from cattle. The problem of including the piedmont steppes of the North Caucasus into the CCHF nosological area is discussed.


Subject(s)
Disease Outbreaks , Disease Reservoirs/veterinary , Disease Transmission, Infectious , Hemorrhagic Fever Virus, Crimean-Congo/isolation & purification , Hemorrhagic Fever, Crimean/epidemiology , Adult , Aged , Animals , Antibodies, Viral/blood , Cattle , Female , Hemorrhagic Fever Virus, Crimean-Congo/genetics , Hemorrhagic Fever Virus, Crimean-Congo/immunology , Hemorrhagic Fever, Crimean/diagnosis , Hemorrhagic Fever, Crimean/transmission , Humans , Infectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional , Ixodidae/virology , Middle Aged , Morbidity , RNA, Viral/blood , Russia/epidemiology
10.
Vopr Virusol ; 50(6): 36-41, 2005.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16408630

ABSTRACT

Sera sampled from 2,884 farming animals in the Astrakhan region in 2001 to 2004 were investigated by the hemagglutination inhibition test (HIT) in order to indicate specific antibodies to West Nile virus (WNV). HIT-positive samples were investigated by the neutralization test (NT). WNV antibodies were detected in all the examined species of animals: horses (the proportion of positive tests throughout the observation averaged 9.8%; the agreement with NT results was 94.1%), cattle (6,4 and 72.%), camels (5.2 and 41.7%), pigs (3.1 and 75%), and sheep (2.2 and 57.1). Relationships between the environmental features of WNV in different natural zones, the infection rate, and the conditions of keeping farming animals in the Astrakhan region are analyzed.


Subject(s)
Animals, Domestic , Antibodies, Viral/blood , Disease Reservoirs/veterinary , West Nile Fever/veterinary , West Nile virus/immunology , Animals , Camelus , Carrier State , Cattle , Horses , Russia/epidemiology , Seroepidemiologic Studies , Sheep , Swine , West Nile Fever/blood , West Nile Fever/epidemiology
11.
Vopr Virusol ; 49(3): 52-6, 2004.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15188656

ABSTRACT

West Nile Virus (WNV) was discovered in 3 species of birds collected in summer-autumn, 2002, in the South of Western Siberia. WNV was identified by ELISA and RT-PCR. Three of 5 dead rooks (Corvus frugilegus), which were found in the territory of the Kulunda plain, were WNV-infected. WNV RNA was detected in 2% of samples of internal organs of aquatics birds, i.e. teal (Anas crecca) and garganey (Anas querquedula), caught in the Chany Lake (Baraba plain). Nucleotide sequencing of the 300-472 aa fragment of WNV protein E gene showed the maximum level of homology with strain WNV/LEIV-Vlg99-27889, which was isolated from a patient in Volgograd (1999). A high homology level of nucleotide sequencing denotes the relationship between the WNV circulating in the Northern Caspian Region and in the South of Western Siberia.


Subject(s)
Animals, Wild/virology , Birds/virology , West Nile virus/isolation & purification , Amino Acid Sequence , Animals , Antigens, Viral/analysis , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Molecular Sequence Data , Phylogeny , RNA, Viral/analysis , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction , Seasons , Sequence Alignment , Siberia , West Nile virus/genetics
13.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10096198

ABSTRACT

Different strains of HIV-1, circulating among drug addicts introducing drugs intravenously and detected on the territories of Russia, Ukraine and Belarus, have been characterized by the methods of the comparative analysis of genetic sequences of different variants of HIV (gene typing) and the study of the immunological properties of autoimmune sera (serotyping).


Subject(s)
Genetic Variation/genetics , HIV Infections/epidemiology , HIV-1/genetics , Substance Abuse, Intravenous/epidemiology , Amino Acid Sequence , Commonwealth of Independent States/epidemiology , Genotype , HIV Infections/virology , HIV-1/classification , Humans , Molecular Epidemiology , Molecular Sequence Data , Serotyping , Substance Abuse, Intravenous/virology
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